超声条件下离子与表面活性剂对低阶煤泥浮选的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2020.08.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

低阶煤中有机质与矿物质润湿性的差异决定了浮选作业的效果,为提高低阶煤的浮选效率,采用先后吸附钙离子与表面活性剂（C₁₂EO₁₅）,再用超声波脱附C₁₂EO₁₅的方法处理低阶煤泥。结果表明,钙离子会促进C₁₂EO₁₅吸附在有机质表面,吸附量由7.14 mg/g提升至7.39 mg/g。当脱附处理60 s后,C₁₂EO₁₅会从有机质表面脱附下来,但会进一步吸附在矿物质表面。脱附处理后有机质表面疏水官能团与亲水官能团的含量同时增加,润湿热值由31.79 J/g提升至32.93 J/g。随脱附时间的增加,浮选精煤的产率与精煤灰分也随之上升,脱附处理30 s时,可以得到较优浮选效果,精煤产率为72.01%,精煤灰分为30.85%。

关键词: 低阶煤, 表面活性剂, 离子, 脱附, 浮选

Abstract:

The quality of flotation depends on the different wettability between organic and mineral matter. A method was adopted in order to promote the performance of low-rank coal flotation, in which the low-rank coal slime first adsorbed calcium ions and then surfactant molecules （C₁₂EO₁₅） and reached adsorption equilibrium, and was finally treated by ultrasonic wave to desorb the surfactant. The results indicated that calcium ions could promote the adsorption of C₁₂EO₁₅on the surface of organic matter, in which the adsorption capacity was increased from 7.14 mg/g to 7.39 mg/g. When the time of desorption treatment reached 60 s, C₁₂EO₁₅molecules would desorb from the surface of organic matter but further adsorb on the surface of mineral matter. The amounts of hydrophilic and hydrophobic functional groups on the surface of organic matter both increased after desorption treatment, and the wetting heat was improved from 31.79 J/g to 32.93 J/g. As the time of desorption treatment increased, the yield and ash content of clean coal increased, respectively. When the time of desorption treatment was 30 s, the best flotation performance could be obtained, in which the yield of clean coal was 72.01% and the ash content of clean coal was 30.85%.

Key words: low-rank coal, surfactant, ion, desorption, flotation

中图分类号:

TQ423

孙小乐,郭建英,谢炙轩,张雷,杨志超,刘生玉. 超声条件下离子与表面活性剂对低阶煤泥浮选的影响[J]. 日用化学工业, 2020, 50(8): 523-528.

SUN Xiao-le,GUO Jian-ying,XIE Zhi-xuan,ZHANG Lei,YANG Zhi-chao,LIU Sheng-yu. Effects of ions and surfactant on low-rank coal slime flotation under ultrasonic conditions[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2020, 50(8): 523-528.

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条件	产率/%	精煤灰分/%
无	28.08	33.45
超声预处理	40.99	37.28
C₁₂EO₁₅	51.20	34.64
C₁₂EO₁₅+CaCl₂	69.52	30.88

	电位值/mV
	无,脱附时间0 s	钙离子+C₁₂EO₁₅,脱附时间0 s	钙离子+C₁₂EO₁₅,脱附时间30 s
有机质	-42.021	-38.262	-36.861
矿物质	-35.873	-32.872	-31.022