表面活性剂的性能与应用(ⅩⅦ) ——表面活性剂在石油工业中的应用

doi:10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.05.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 综述了表面活性剂在钻井、采油和油气集输过程中的作用及其原理、使用类型,其中在钻井中可作降黏剂、降滤失剂、乳化剂、润滑剂、页岩和泥浆抑制剂、缓蚀剂、起泡剂、消泡剂,在采油中可作驱油剂、堵水剂、酸化用添加剂、防蜡剂,在油气集输中可作原油破乳剂和降凝降黏剂。最后对石油工业用表面活性剂的发展方向提出了几点建议。

关键词: 表面活性剂, 石油工业, 钻井, 采油, 油气集输

Abstract: Functions and their principles as well as type used of surfactants in processes of oil drilling,oil mining a well as oil collecting and transporting were reviewed.In oil drilling,they are used as viscosity reducer,filtrate volume reducer,emulsifying agent,lubricant,shale and mud inhibitor,corrosion inhibitor,foaming agent and defoaming agent.In oil mining,they are used as flooding agent,water blocking agent,acidification additive,paraffin wax deposition preventing agent.In crude oil collecting and transporting processes,they are used as demulsifier and viscosity reducer.The developing trends of applications of surfactants in petroleum industry were suggested.

Key words: surfactant, petroleum industry, oil drilling, oil mining, oil and gas collecting and transporting

中图分类号:

TQ423

周雅文, 景姝, 赵莉, 徐宝财. 表面活性剂的性能与应用(ⅩⅦ) ——表面活性剂在石油工业中的应用[J]. 日用化学工业, 2015, 45(5): 247-251.

ZHOU Ya-wen, JING Shu, ZHAO Li, XU Bao-cai. Performance and applications of surfactants (ⅩⅦ) Application of surfactants in petroleum industry[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2015, 45(5): 247-251.

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