日用化学工业（中英文）

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N-十二烷基聚氧乙烯醚(3)基-N,N-二甲基叔胺的CO₂开关响应性能研究
CO₂-switching responsive performance of N-dodecyl polyoxyethylene (3)-N,N-dimethyl tertiary amine

王铖, 张永民, 刘雪锋

2015 (5): 241-246. doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.05.001

摘要 ( 269 )

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为获得耐无机盐的开关型表面活性剂,研究了在长链烷基和叔胺基之间嵌插聚氧乙烯(EO)片段的N-十二烷基聚氧乙烯醚(3)基-N,N-二甲基叔胺(C₁₂EO₃A)的CO₂开关响应性能。电导率和荧光探针实验结果表明C₁₂EO₃A具有明显的CO₂开关响应性能;与结构相近的N-十二烷基-N,N-二甲基叔胺碳酸氢盐([C₁₂AH]⁺HCO₃^-)相比,C₁₂EO₃A碳酸氢盐([C₁₂EO₃AH]⁺HCO₃^-)的临界胶束浓度更小,在饱和NaCl水溶液中仍可发挥出色的表面活性剂功能。 In order to obtain a switchable surfactant that has inorganic salt tolerance,CO₂-switching responsive performance of N-dodecyl polyoxyethylene (3)-N,N-dimethyl tertiary amine (C₁₂EO₃A),embedded with polyoxyethylene (EO) segment between the long-chain alkyl group and tertiary amino group was investigated.Results from conductivity test and uorescence probe test showed that C₁₂EO₃A displays conspicuous CO₂-swiching responsive efficacy.Comparing with bicarbonate of N-dodecyl-N,N-dimethyl tertiary amine ([C₁₂AH]⁺HCO₃^-),with bicarbonate of C₁₂EO₃A ([C₁₂EO₃AH]⁺HCO₃^-) that has similar structure,critical micelle concentration of the latter is smaller,and shows outstanding surfactant functions even in saturated NaCl aqueous solution.

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表面活性剂的性能与应用(ⅩⅦ) ——表面活性剂在石油工业中的应用
Performance and applications of surfactants (ⅩⅦ) Application of surfactants in petroleum industry

周雅文, 景姝, 赵莉, 徐宝财

2015 (5): 247-251. doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.05.002

摘要 ( 430 )

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综述了表面活性剂在钻井、采油和油气集输过程中的作用及其原理、使用类型,其中在钻井中可作降黏剂、降滤失剂、乳化剂、润滑剂、页岩和泥浆抑制剂、缓蚀剂、起泡剂、消泡剂,在采油中可作驱油剂、堵水剂、酸化用添加剂、防蜡剂,在油气集输中可作原油破乳剂和降凝降黏剂。最后对石油工业用表面活性剂的发展方向提出了几点建议。 Functions and their principles as well as type used of surfactants in processes of oil drilling,oil mining a well as oil collecting and transporting were reviewed.In oil drilling,they are used as viscosity reducer,filtrate volume reducer,emulsifying agent,lubricant,shale and mud inhibitor,corrosion inhibitor,foaming agent and defoaming agent.In oil mining,they are used as flooding agent,water blocking agent,acidification additive,paraffin wax deposition preventing agent.In crude oil collecting and transporting processes,they are used as demulsifier and viscosity reducer.The developing trends of applications of surfactants in petroleum industry were suggested.

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O-羟丙基-N-月桂酰基壳聚糖的制备及其表面性能研究
Preparation and surface performance of O-hydroxypropyl-N-lauroyl chitosan

谭福能, 隋卫平

2015 (5): 252-256. doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.05.003

摘要 ( 299 )

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以壳聚糖为原料,通过定位改性的方法合成了两亲性O-羟丙基-N-月桂酰基壳聚糖(O-HP-N-LACS)。以FTIR,¹HNMR和XRD对O-HP-N-LACS的结构进行了表征,通过元素分析计算出O-HP-N-LACS的取代度为20.1%。对O-HP-N-LACS溶液的表面活性进行了研究,考察了pH和NaCl浓度对其表面活性的影响,同时从起泡性和稳泡性2个方面研究了O-HP-N-LACS溶液的泡沫性质。结果表明,O-HP-N-LACS具有一定的表面活性和泡沫性,具备了表面活性剂的基本性质。 With chitosan as starting material,amphipathic O-hydroxypropyl-N-lauroyl chitosan (O-HP-N-LACS) was prepared by orientating modification method.FTIR,¹HNMR and XRD were used to characterize the chemical structure of O-HP-N-LACS.The degree of substitution (DS) of O-HP-N-LACS was determined as 20.1% from calculation based upon elemental analysis.Surface activity of O-HP-N-LACS solution as well as the effect of concentration of NaCl and the pH value in the O-HP-N-LACS solution were examined.Meanwhile,foaming performance,including foaming power and foam stability were also examined.Results showed that O-HP-N-LACS displays good surface activity and foaming performance as a polymeric surfactant.

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N-十二烷基二亚甲基膦酸钠的制备及表征
Preparation and characterization of sodium N-dodecyl-di(methylenephosphonate)

刘润哲, 何向文, 宋慧林, 张华, 杨稳权

2015 (5): 257-259. doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.05.004

摘要 ( 331 )

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基于Mannich反应,以十二胺、甲醛和亚磷酸为原料,盐酸为催化剂制备出N-十二烷基二亚甲基膦酸,产率达95.75%。使用氢氧化钠与N-十二烷基二亚甲基膦酸反应,制备出了目的产物N-十二烷基二亚甲基膦酸钠。通过对产物进行³¹PNMR,¹HNMR和元素分析,证明所制备产物为目的产物,且较为纯净。对产物溶液的表面张力进行了测定,发现其表面张力随着pH的变化呈现有规律的变化,且变化趋势与其结构信息一致。 N-dodecyl-di(methylenephosphonic acid) was prepared by Mannich reaction,with dodecylamine,formaldehyde and phosphorous acid as starting materials and hydrochloric acid as catalyst.The yield reaches 95.75%.The targeted product sodium N-dodecyl-di(methylenephosphonate) was prepared by reaction of NaOH with the N-dodecyl-di(methylphosphonic acid).Chemical structure of the product was characterized by ³¹PNMR,¹HNMR and element analysis.Results showed that the product fits the requirement with rather high purity.Surface tension of solution of the product was determined.Results showed that the surface tension data changes with the pH regularly,and trend of the changes are consistent with structure information of the product.

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山苍子油成分分析及其对日化产品腐败菌的抑制效果研究
Analysis of components in Litsea cubeba oil and their effect for inhibition of putrilage bacteria in daily chemical products

梁青, 李文茹, 施庆珊, 章卫民

2015 (5): 260-264. doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.05.005

摘要 ( 296 )

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通过水蒸气蒸馏法提取山苍子油,采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)分析其化学成分,并用琼脂平板法测定最低抑制浓度(MIC)以研究山苍子油对3株从日化产品中分离的腐败细菌的抑菌效果,同时根据16S rRNA序列的系统进化树对3株菌进行菌株鉴定。结果表明:山苍子油主要成分是D－柠檬烯(w=26.51%)、柠檬醛(w=11.94%)和马鞭烯醇(w=11.84%);3株菌均为革兰氏阳性菌,分别命名为解淀粉芽孢杆菌GLM 50、萎缩芽孢杆菌GLM 56和溶血葡萄球菌GLM 57;琼脂平板法表明山苍子油对3株菌的最低抑制浓度分别为0.045,0.09和0.18 g/L。 Litsea cubeba oil was obtained by steam distillation of fruit of Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers.and their components were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Examination of inhibition effect of Litsea cubeba oil against three strains of bacterium isolated from daily chemical products was based on data of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) determined by agar plane dish test.Meanwhile,the three strains of bacterium were appraised in accordance with 16S rRNA sequence analyses to determine their phylogenetic positions.Results showed that the main constituents of Litsea cubeba oil are D-limonene (w=26.51%),citral (w=11.94%) and verbenol (w=11.84%).All the three strains belong to gram-positive bacteria and are classified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp.plantarum GLM 50,Bacillus atrophaeus GLM 56 and Staphyococcus haemolyticus GLM 57 respectively.The MICs of Litsea cubeba oil against GLM 50,GLM 56 and GLM 57 are 0.045,0.09 and 0.18 g/L respectively.

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椰油基餐具洗涤剂的配制及性能评价
Preparation and performance evaluation of coconut oil type dish washing detergent

张玉锋, 段岢君

2015 (5): 265-268. doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.05.006

摘要 ( 347 )

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以新鲜椰子种皮为材料制备椰油木糖酯,复配烷基苯磺酸钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠和乙二胺四乙酸等制备了4种椰油基餐具洗涤剂,并对其感官特征、理化指标和物性指标进行了测定。结果表明:4种配方产品在低温(-3~-10 ℃)和高温(40 ℃)环境中都具有较好的稳定性,无异味,无悬浮,不分层;4种配方产品的去污力均高于标准餐具洗涤剂配方,且以配方4产品的去油率(67.27%)最高,与市售餐具洗涤剂相当;黏附性、内聚性和弹性等物性分析结果表明配方4的内部质地和组织结构与市售产品最为接近。 Four kinds of coconut oil type dish washing detergent were prepared with xylose ester prepared from the fresh coconut testa and then formulated with other ingredients such as LAS,AES,EDTA,et al.Sensory characteristics,physical and chemical indices and product performance of the coconut oil type dish washing detergents were determined and evaluated.Results showed that the four kinds of formulated products display good stability at low temperature (-3~-10 ℃) as well as higher temperature (40 ℃).There are no bad odor,no suspension matter and no stratification.Detergency of the four formulated products are all higher than that of the conventional dish washing detergent products;while oil removal capacity of the formulation 4 product (67.27%) is the highest among the four products,which is fairly equivalent to that of the common commercial products.Adhesion,cohesion and elasticity measurement results indicated that the internal texture and structure characteristics of formulation 4 product are most close to that of the commercial product.

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一种化妆品复配防腐体系的功效研究
Antimicrobial efficacy study of a blended preservation system for cosmetics

孔秋婵, 张怡, 冯小玲, 龚盛昭

2015 (5): 269-274. doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.05.007

摘要 ( 1090 )

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通过分别对1,2-己二醇和对羟基苯乙酮的防腐功效评价,提出了1,2-己二醇和对羟基苯乙酮的新型复配防腐方案。研究了该复配方案在水剂、O/W乳液、凝胶、膏霜等剂型配方中,不同复配比例对细菌和真菌的抑制效果。实验结果表明:当复配物中1,2-己二醇和对羟基苯乙酮的质量分数均为0.5%,或当1,2-己二醇的质量分数为0.8%、对羟基苯乙酮的质量分数为0.4%时,对不同剂型中的细菌和真菌都具有非常出色的抑制效果。 Through the separate antimicrobial efficacy evaluation of 1,2-hexanediol and p-hydroxyacetophenone,a new synergistic blend of 1,2-hexanediol and p-hydroxyacetophenone was proposed.Inhibiting effect for bacteria and fungi of the blend system with separate blending ratios in various cosmetic formulations,including lotions,O/W emulsions,gels and creams et al.were examined.Results showed that when mass fraction of both 1,2-hexanediol and p-hydroxyacetophenone are 0.5%,or mass fraction of 1,2-hexanediol and p-hydroxyacetophenone is 0.8% and 0.4% respectively,excellent inhibiting effect for bacteria and fungi in all above-mentioned cosmetic products can be obtained.

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聚谷氨酸的保湿功效及安全性评价
Moisture retention capacity and safety evaluation of poly-γ-glutamate

刘霞, 刘飞, 刘少英, 陈晓燕, 孟祥璟, 朱希强

2015 (5): 275-278. doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.05.008

摘要 ( 536 )

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通过CM825型皮肤水分测试仪和皮肤斑贴试验,研究聚谷氨酸的保湿功效及安全性。结果表明:不同分子量和质量分数的聚谷氨酸在保湿特性上差异较大,其中分子量为1 200 kDa的聚谷氨酸在质量分数为0.1%时,保湿效果最好;受试者涂抹该受试物2和4 h后皮肤水分含量的变化率分别为(103.9±0.2)%和(112.2±0.2)%,接近现在广泛使用的保湿剂透明质酸钠的(114.0±0.3)%;皮肤斑贴试验结果表明聚谷氨酸对皮肤安全、无刺激性。 The moisture retention capacity and safety evaluation of poly-γ-glutamate (γ-PGA) were studied by using CM825 skin moisture tester and the human skin patch test method.Results showed that γ-PGA with separate molecular weight and separate mass fraction displays rather different moisturizing properties respectively,and γ-PGA with molecular weight of 1 200 kDa and mass fraction of 0.1% displays the best moisture retention capacity.After smearing test with the γ-PGA for 2 and 4 h separately,change of skin moisture content becomes (103.9±0.2)% and (112.2±0.2)% respectively,which is near to the value of the widely used moisturizer sodium hyaluronate (114.0±0.3)%.Results of the skin patch test showed that the γ-PGA is safe and causes no irritation to human skin.

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超声波辅助下薯蓣皂苷萃取中影响因素的研究
Study on factors that affect the extraction of dioscin under assistance of ultrasonic wave

李祥, 师春兰, 王丽萍

2015 (5): 279-281. doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.05.009

摘要 ( 251 )

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利用超声波辅助萃取技术,以萃取液中薯蓣皂苷的得率为评价指标,对薯蓣皂苷萃取中的影响因素进行了研究。结果表明优化的实验条件为:每次浸泡时间为12 h,料液比(g∶mL)为1∶10,超声波处理时间为30 min,超声波频率为25.98 kHz,萃取3次。 Factors that affect the extraction of dioscin under assistance of ultrasonic wave were studied adopting yield of dioscin as the evaluation index.Results showed that the optimal conditions can be recommended as:soaking time,12 h;solid material to extraction solvent liquid ratio,1∶10;time for treatment of ultrasonic wave at frequency 25.98 kHz,30 min;and the extraction is to be operated for three times.

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几种儿童牙膏体外细胞毒性研究
In vitro cytotoxicity study on several kinds of toothpaste for children

朱洲海, 刘凤至, 黄海涛, 张涛, 米其利, 管莹, 夭建华

2015 (5): 282-284. doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.05.010

摘要 ( 274 )

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使用体外培养的人口腔黏膜成纤维细胞,通过MTT法,测定了几种市售普通儿童牙膏和可吞咽儿童牙膏浸提液的细胞相对增殖率(RGR),并进行细胞毒性分级,同时与成人牙膏的细胞毒性进行比较,从而反映这些牙膏对口腔黏膜的影响。结果表明:可吞咽儿童牙膏和普通儿童牙膏的细胞毒性相对较小;成人牙膏细胞毒性较大,与儿童牙膏比较细胞相对增殖率有显著性差异(P<0.05),可能会对儿童的口腔黏膜造成刺激。 In vitro cultivated human oral mucosal fibroblasts were used to determine the relative growth rate (RGR) and cytotoxicity grade of extract of several kinds of common children toothpaste and swallow-able children toothpaste via MTT method,and compared with that of adult toothpaste.It reflected the influence of the toothpaste to oral mucosa.Results showed that,the cytotoxicity of swallow-able children toothpaste and common children toothpaste is relatively lower than that of adult toothpaste.There are significant difference between the adult toothpaste and children toothpastes on cell growth rate (P<0.05).Cytotoxicity of adult toothpaste is relatively higher,and may cause irritation to the oral mucosa of children.

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化学驱物理模型进展与应用
Progress and application of physical model used in chemical flooding

康万利, 路遥, 于泱, 李哲, 杨红斌, 白宝君

2015 (5): 285-290. doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.05.011

摘要 ( 252 )

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化学驱油实验对提高原油采收率具有指导意义,驱油物理模型的选择与制作是驱油实验的关键环节。文章综述了一维、二维、三维3种化学驱物理模型的制作方法,探讨了不同类型模型的特点,并指出了模型中存在的主要问题;介绍了3种驱油模型在化学驱中的应用,进一步总结了化学驱物理模型的发展趋势。 Chemical flooding experiments contribute for enhancing oil recovery while selection and manufacture of physical models are critical issues for the result of the experiments.The manufacture methods of three types of models,one-dimensional,two-dimensional and three-dimensional models were reviewed.The characteristics of different models were discussed;and the main problems of the models were indicated.The application of three types of models in chemical flooding experiments was introduced.Development trend of the models was further summarized.

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顶空气相色谱法测定制备原花青素脂质体残留有机溶剂的含量
Determination of the residual solvent content for preparing proanthocyanidin lipsomes by head-space gas chromatography

杨爱玲, 郭芳, 赵鑫, 王改香, 林苗

2015 (5): 291-293. doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.05.012

摘要 ( 289 )

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确定了制备原花青素脂质体适宜的有机溶剂,采用氮吹法去除脂质体中残留的有机溶剂,以无水乙醇为内标,建立了顶空气相色谱法测定残留溶剂含量的分析方法。结果表明:在优化的色谱条件下,无水乙醚在0～25 mg/L的质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数R²=0.999 3;检出限为1.616 mg/L (S/N=3);加标回收率为91%～120%;相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)小于4.72%。该法能快速、准确地检测制备原花青素脂质体残留有机溶剂的含量。 The suitable organic solvent used for preparing proanthocyanidin liposomes product was ascertained,and the residual organic solvent in the proanthocyanidin liposomes product was removed with nitrogen-blowing.Adopting anhydrous ethanol as the internal standard,a method for detection of residual solvent content with head-space gas chromatography was established.Under the optimal chromatographic conditions,the calibration curve of ether shows good linearity (R²=0.999 3) within the range of 0-25 mg/L,and the spiked recoveries are 91%-120% with the relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 4.72%.The limit of detection is 1.616 mg/L (S/N=3).This method can accurately determine the residual solvent content in the prepared proanthocyanidin liposomes product within a short period.

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高效液相色谱法测定膏剂化妆品中的甲醛释放类防腐剂
Determination of formaldehyde releasing type anticeptics in cream type cosmetic products by high performance liquid chromatography

李彦博, 赵晓冬, 陆军, 郭春梅, 陈晓辉

2015 (5): 294-297. doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.05.013

摘要 ( 258 )

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建立了同时测定膏剂化妆品中1,3-二羟甲基-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲(DMDMH)、1-羟甲基-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲(1-MDMH)和5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲(DMH)的高效液相色谱法。采用Waters Atlantis T3 C₁₈液相色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm);流动相为乙腈＋0.1%甲酸溶液,流速1.0 mL/min,梯度洗脱;二极管阵列检测器,检测波长210 nm;柱温35 ℃。结果表明,DMDMH,1-MDMH和DMH质量浓度分别在17.86~595.20,17.65~588.39和18.05~601.67 mg/L范围内与相应的峰面积具有良好的线性关系,相关系数分别为0.999 5,0.999 7和0.999 8,空白样品加标回收率分别为82.6%~106.2%,98.4%~110.7%和98.6%~113.0%。 A HPLC method for simultaneous determination of 1,3-dihydroxylmethyl-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DMDMH),1-hydroxymethyl-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (1-MDMH) and 5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DMH) in cream type cosmetic products was established.The separation is performed on a Waters Atlantis T3 C₁₈ column (250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm) with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile＋0.1% formic acid solution at flow rate of 1.0 mL/min for gradient elution.The detector is diode array type with wavelength of 210 nm.The column temperature is set at 35 ℃.Results showed that the calibration curves display good linearity within the ranges of 17.86-595.20,17.65-588.39 and 18.05-601.67 mg/L with correlation coefficient of 0.999 5,0.999 7 and 0.999 8 for DMDMH,1-MDMH and DMH respectively.The recoveries are within ranges of 82.6%-106.2%,98.4%-110.7% and 98.6%-113.0% respectively.

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