琥珀酸酯磺酸盐物化特性及其与甜菜碱复配体系界面性能

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2023.09.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为满足低渗油藏注低矿化水开采原油的需要，研究了系列琥珀酸异酯磺酸盐表面活性剂（C₁₂EO₆-C_nMS，n=10，12，14和16）的泡沫特性以及溶液的表/界面活性，并研究了C₁₂EO₆-C_nMS与甜菜碱表面活性剂混合物的界面性能，得到了表面活性剂体系的最小烷烃碳数（N_min）。实验结果表明，C₁₂EO₆-C_nMS表面活性剂具有低泡性。C₁₂EO₆-C_nMS表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度（cmc）随着其脂肪醇碳链长度的增加而减小。同时，无机盐的加入使得C₁₂EO₆-C_nMS表面活性剂的cmc进一步降低，并且其降低程度随着无机盐浓度的增加而增大。脂肪醇碳链长度为10的C₁₂EO₆-C₁₀MS表面活性剂与羧基甜菜碱（C₁₆ZC）所形成的复配体系具有降低cmc的协同作用。C₁₂EO₆-C_nMS与烷烃间的界面张力（IFT）随着表面活性剂的脂肪醇碳链长度的增加而增加。对表面活性剂与系列正构烷烃的界面张力扫描，得到了琥珀酸异酯磺酸盐表面活性剂最小烷烃碳数，并且N_min随着无机盐的加入而增加。当加入质量分数为0.5%~1% NaCl时，C₁₂EO₆-C₁₀MS和C₁₂EO₆-C₁₂MS的N_min为12~14。同样地，C₁₂EO₆-C₁₀MS和C₁₆ZC的复配体系具有降低界面张力的协同作用，当两者的摩尔比为4/1，3/2和2/3时，在0.5%~1% NaCl介质中复配体系的IFT值可与十二烷、十四烷和十六烷达到超低或低界面张力值（10^-3~10^-2 mN/m），该复配体系适用于EACN为12~16的原油的开采。

关键词: 琥珀酸异酯磺酸盐, 甜菜碱表面活性剂, 表/界面张力, 烷烃碳数, 提高采收率

Abstract:

To enhance oil recovery in low-permeability reservoirs through the injection of low-mineralized water, the foaming behavior, surface tension and interfacial tension of a series of ethoxylated sulfosuccinate surfactants （C₁₂EO₆-C_nMS, n=10, 12, 14 and 16） were investigated. The interfacial properties of mixtures of C₁₂EO₆-C_nMS and a betaine surfactant were also studied, and the minimum alkane carbon number （N_min） of the mixed system was obtained. The experimental results showed that C₁₂EO₆-C_nMS exhibited low-foaming properties. The critical micelle concentration （cmc） of the surfactants decreased when the carbon chain length of the fatty alcohol （n） attached to ester group was increased. The addition of inorganic salts could reduce the cmc of C₁₂EO₆-C_nMS, and the more inorganic salt, the more reduction of cmc. The mixed system of C₁₂EO₆-C₁₀MS （in which the fatty alcohol carbon chain length was C₁₀） and the betaine surfactant C₁₆ZC displayed synergistic effect, exhibiting smaller cmc. The interfacial tension （IFT） between C₁₂EO₆-C_nMS and n-alkanes increased as the carbon chain length （n） of the surfactants increased. The scanning of IFT values between C₁₂EO₆-C_nMS and a series of n-alkanes was operated to determine the minimum alkane carbon number （N_min） for the surfactant. Notably, the N_min value increased with the addition of inorganic salts. In the presence of 0.5%-1% NaCl, the N_min values for C₁₂EO₆-C₁₀MS and C₁₂EO₆-C₁₂MS are 12-14. As for surfactant mixtures, in the presence of 0.5%-1% NaCl, when the molar ratios of C₁₂EO₆-C₁₀MS to C₁₆ZC are 4/1, 3/2 and 2/3, the mixtures exhibited synergistic effect in reducing interfacial tension, achieving ultra-low to low IFT values （10^-3-10^-2 mN/m） against dodecane, tetradecane and cetane. It makes the system suitable for enhanced oil recovery （EOR） of crude oil with equivalent alkane carbon number （EACN） of 12-16.

Key words: sulfonated maleic diester, betaine surfactant, surface/interfacial tension, alkane carbon number, enhanced oil recovery

中图分类号:

TQ423

常世腾, 蔡小军, 郑延成, 刘雪瑾, 易晓, 蒋筑阳. 琥珀酸酯磺酸盐物化特性及其与甜菜碱复配体系界面性能[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2023, 53(9): 989-998.

Chang Shiteng, Cai Xiaojun, Zheng Yancheng, Liu Xuejin, Yi Xiao, Jiang Zhuyang. Physicochemical properties of ethoxylated sulfosuccinate surfactants and their interfacial properties when mixed with a betaine surfactant[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2023, 53(9): 989-998.

图/表 10

参考文献 36

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Surfactants	cmc/ （mmol/L）	γ_cmc/ （mN/m）	Foam height/cm
Surfactants	cmc/ （mmol/L）	γ_cmc/ （mN/m）	H₀	H₅
C₁₂EO₆-C₁₀MS	0.125	35.64	3.4	3.2
C₁₂EO₆-C₁₂MS	0.105	34.53	3.2	2.9
C₁₂EO₆-C₁₄MS	0.090	33.89	3.1	2.8
C₁₂EO₆-C₁₆MS	0.079	32.78	2.8	2.5

Molar ratios	N_min			IFT_mincorresponding to N_min/（mN/m）
Molar ratios	0% NaCl	0.5% NaCl	1% NaCl	0% NaCl	0.5% NaCl	1% NaCl
1/0	12	12	14	0.049 9	0.003 5	0.005 2
4/1	12	14	14	0.052 1	0.006 8	0.004 4
3/2	12	14	14	0.018 8	0.001 8	0.007 8
2/3	14	14	14	0.019 3	0.005 2	0.012 6
1/4	14	14	16	0.075 1	0.084 4	0.014 8