欢迎访问《日用化学工业（中英文）》，今天是
日用化学工业（中英文）

日用化学工业（中英文） ›› 2025, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (6): 709-714.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2025.06.004

• 开发与应用 • 上一篇    下一篇

含酯基双子季铵盐表面活性剂C12-E2nOm-C12的合成及性能研究

张扬博,梁亚琴*(),刘正薇,冀晓宇,赵晓男,高瑞敏   

  1. 长治学院 化学系，山西 长治 046000
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-05 修回日期:2025-05-30 出版日期:2025-06-22 发布日期:2025-07-01
  • 基金资助:
    山西省高等学校教学改革创新项目(J20231284);长治学院大学生创新创业项目(2023DC05)

Synthesis and properties of Gemini quaternary ammonium surfactants containing ester groups C12-E2nOm-C12

Yangbo Zhang,Yaqin Liang*(),Zhengwei Liu,Xiaoyu Ji,Xiaonan Zhao,Ruimin Gao   

  1. Department of Chemistry, Changzhi University, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, China
  • Received:2024-09-05 Revised:2025-05-30 Online:2025-06-22 Published:2025-07-01
  • Contact: E-mail: liangyaqinfaye@126.com.

RichHTML

7

PDF (PC)

14

赞

摘要： 以乙二醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、氯乙酰氯和N, N-二甲基十二烷基胺等为原料，经过两步反应合成了不同连接基链长的含酯基季铵盐Gemini表面活性剂C12-E2nOm-C12 （n=1, 2, 3; m=2, 3, 4），通过红外光谱（IR）、核磁氢谱（1H NMR）、核磁碳谱（13C NMR）和高分辨率质谱（HRMS）表征其结构，并对其表面张力、乳化性能、润湿性能、泡沫性能等进行了测试。结果表明，C12-E2O2-C12，C12-E4O3-C12和C12-E6O4-C12的临界胶束浓度（cmc）分别为0.815，0.152和0.044 2 mmol/L， 与十二烷基三甲基氯化铵DTAC （cmc值为10.25 mmol/L）相比要低1~2个数量级，且随着连接基链长的增加cmc值降低。C12-E2O2-C12，C12-E4O3-C12和C12-E6O4-C12的乳化分水时间分别为336，492和682 s，润湿时间分别为79，70和64 s，与DTAC （乳化分水时间和润湿时间分别为116和87 s）相比，C12-E2nOm-C12具有良好的乳化性能和润湿性能。进一步研究发现C12-E2nOm-C12具有优异的起泡和稳泡性能；且随着连接基链长的增长，其乳化、起泡、稳泡和润湿性能增强。

关键词: 酯基, 连接基, 双子表面活性剂, 季铵盐, 表面性能, 乳化性能

Abstract:

Three Gemini quaternary ammonium surfactants containing ester groups in spacers, C12-E2nOm-C12 （i.e., C12-E2O2-C12, C12-E4O3-C12 and C12-E6O4-C12）, were synthesized via two-step reaction and characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS. The effects of spacer length on the self-aggregation, emulsifying, foaming and wetting properties of C12-E2nOm-C12 were investigated. Their corresponding monomer dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride （DTAC） was also investigated for comparison. The results showed that, the critical micelle concentration （cmc） values of C12-E2O2-C12, C12-E4O3-C12 and C12-E6O4-C12 were 0.815, 0.152 and 0.044 2 mmol/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than that of DTAC （10.25 mmol/L）. Among these three Geminis, it was found that the cmc values of C12-E2nOm-C12 decreased with increasing spacer length. The phase separation time for evaluating the emulsifying abilities of C12-E2O2-C12, C12-E4O3-C12 and C12-E6O4-C12 were 336, 492 and 682 s, respectively; the wetting time of C12-E2O2-C12, C12-E4O3-C12 and C12-E6O4-C12 were 79, 70 and 64 s, respectively; therefore, C12-E2nOm-C12 exhibited excellent emulsifying and wetting properties compared with DTAC （the phase separation time was 116 s and the wetting time was 87 s）. Moreover, C12-E2nOm-C12 also had better foaming ability and foam stability than DTAC. The emulsifying, foaming, foam-stabilizing and wetting abilities of C12-E2nOm-C12 were increased with the increase of spacer length.

Key words: ester, spacer, Gemini surfactant, quaternary ammonium, surface activity, emulsifying property

中图分类号: 

  • TQ423