This study aims to reveal the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity of Moringa oleifera leaf ethanolic extract （MOLEE）, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the application of MOLEE in skin care cosmetics. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were treated with different mass concentrations of MOLEE （0, 1, 10, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 μg/mL） for 24 h. The minimal inhibitory concentration （MIC） and the antimicrobial zone diameter of MOLEE to the two strains were detected respectively. The effects of different mass concentrations of MOLEE on the viability of RAW264.7 cells were detected by CCK-8 kit. After that, RAW264.7 cells were divided into control group （C）, LPS group and LPS+1, 10, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 μg/mL MOLEE group, and then treated with 1 μg/mL LPS and different mass concentrations of MOLEE for 24 h. The transcriptional levels of cyclooxygenase-2（COX-2）, inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS）, tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）, interleukin （IL）-1β and IL-6 in RAW264.7 cells were detected by RT-qPCR. The phosphorylation level of Nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） was detected by Western blotting. The results show that the MIC of MOLEE against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are 300 and 400 μg/mL, respectively. Compared with 0 μg/mL group, the antimicrobial zone diameter of the two strains in 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 μg/mL groups increase in a dose-dependent manner （P<0.001）. In the concentration range of 1-500 μg/mL, MOLEE has no effect on the viability of RAW264.7 cells （P>0.05）. Compared with LPS group, the contents of NO and PGE2, the relative levels of COX-2, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA, and the relative phosphorylation level of NF-κB p65 in RAW264.7 cells in LPS+50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 μg/mL MOLEE groups decrease in a dose-dependent manner （P<0.05）. This study shows that MOLEE has good antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity, suggesting that MOLEE may be a cosmetic additive material.
