当期目录

2019年, 第49卷, 第1期　刊出日期：2019-01-20 上一期    下一期

基础研究

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新型聚醚基三硅氧烷表面活性剂的制备及表面活性 Synthesis and surface activities of novel polyether based trisiloxane surfactants 缪永翔,谭景林,林苗苗,何子妍 2019 (1):  1-4.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.01.001 摘要 ( 462 )   HTML ( 139 )   PDF(1080KB) ( 473 )   以巯丙基三硅氧烷与聚乙二醇烯丙基甲基醚经thiol-ene反应合成了新型聚醚基三硅氧烷表面活性剂,并对其结构进行了FT-IR和 1H NMR表征,通过表面张力的测定考察了其表面活性。结果表明,该法可以高效合成高纯度的聚醚基三硅氧烷表面活性剂,该表面活性剂能将水的表面张力降低至21~23 mN/m,具有优良的表面活性。 Polyether based trisiloxane surfactants were synthesized by thiol-ene reaction of thiopropyl-trisiloxane and polyethylene glycol allyl methyl ether and its structure were characterized by FT-IR and 1H NMR. Its surface activity were investigated by measuring surface tension. The results show that the method can efficiently synthesize high-purity polyether based trisiloxane surfactants, which can reduce the surface tension of water to 21~23 mN/m and has excellent surface activity. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

科技讲座

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化妆品功效评价（XI）——体外试验技术在发用化妆品功效评价中的应用 Efficacy evaluation of cosmetics （XI）Application of in vitro techniques in the efficacy evaluation of hair cosmetics 何文丹,刘磊,杨舒颜,唐颖 2019 (1):  5-7.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.01.002 摘要 ( 880 )   HTML ( 78 )   PDF(835KB) ( 974 )   综述了针对头发纤维的生物物理学仪器分析技术和针对头皮的体外生物学模型在发用化妆品功效评价中的应用,为发用化妆品进行功效评价时体外方法的选择提供了参考和指导,并对目前发用化妆品体外评价技术的现状和发展趋势进行了总结和展望。 The biophysical instrumental analysis techniques for hair fibers and the in vitro biological models for scalp were introduced as in vitro techniques applied in the efficacy evaluation of hair cosmetics. The paper is estimated to provide reference and guidance for the selection of appropriate in vitro methods to evaluate the performance of various hair cosmetics. The current status and development trends of in vitro evaluation technology for hair cosmetics were summarized and prospected. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

开发与应用

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基于SPSS因子分析的α-烯烃磺酸盐中磺内酯影响因素的综合评价 Comprehensive evaluation of factors influencing sultone in sodium α-olefin sulfonate based on SPSS factor analysis 徐坤华,黄建文,王东铭,陶华东,葛赞,史立文 2019 (1):  12-15.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.01.003 摘要 ( 395 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF(1061KB) ( 410 )   以单因素实验为基础,结合因子分析法研究了不同因素对α-烯烃磺酸盐 （AOS） 中磺内酯的影响。结果表明：AOS产品中的磺内酯含量与时间、温度和pH存在负相关;漂白剂的增加会导致AOS产品中磺内酯含量的降低,且氧化性越强,磺内酯含量下降得越多;4个因素对AOS产品中磺内酯下降的影响权重大小为：漂白剂>pH>温度>时间。 Based upon the results obtained from single factor experiments and in combination with factor analysis, the influences of different factors on sultone in AOS were investigated. The results indicate that the content of sultone in AOS is negatively correlated with time, temperature and pH. The increase of bleach would lead to the decrease of sultone content in AOS product, and the stronger the oxidizing property, the more the sultone content decreases. The contribution weight of 4 factors on the decline of sultone in AOS products is as following： bleach>pH>temperature>time. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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糖基双子阳离子表面活性剂与十二烷基硫酸钠复配性能研究 Study of the performance of the blends of sugar-based cationic Gemini surfactants and sodium dodecyl sulfate 王军,杨许召,李妮妮,邹文苑 2019 (1):  16-18.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.01.004 摘要 ( 354 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF(876KB) ( 393 )   测定了糖基双子阳离子表面活性剂 （SGCS） 与十二烷基硫酸钠 （K12） 复配体系的稳定性和表面性能。由实验结果可知,在宽的复配范围内不同碳链长度的SGCS与K12均有良好的复配稳定性;C14-SGCS/K12复配体系表现出明显的协同增效作用,当n （C14-SGCS） ∶n （K12） 为3∶5时复配溶液临界胶束浓度 （cmc） 、cmc时的表面张力 （γcmc） 和降低表面张力的效率 （pc20） 分别为1. 1×10 -5 mol/L、23.69 mN/m和5.48,均明显优于C14-SGCS和K12自身的表面性能。 The stability and surface activity of the blends of sugar-based cationic Gemini surfactants （SGCS） and sodium dodecyl sulfate （K12） were studied. The results show that the blend systems being composed of K12 and SGCS with different chain length have exhibited good stability in a wide rang of molar ratios of SGCS/K12. For the mixture of C14-SGCS/K12, an obvious synergistic effect has been observed. The critical micelle concentration （cmc）, surface tension at cmc （γcmc） and the efficiency of reducing surface tension （pc20） of the mixture of n（C14-SGCS）∶n（K12）=3∶5 are 1.1×10 -5 mol/L, 23.69 mN/m and 5.48, respectively, which are obviously superior to the performance of individual C14-SGCS or K12. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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系列窄分布醇醚羧酸盐氧化法制备及性能研究 Research of the performance of a series of narrow distribution fatty alcohol ether carboxylates prepared by oxidation 徐福利,张威,王丰收 2019 (1):  19-23.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.01.005 摘要 ( 352 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF(970KB) ( 383 )   以系列窄分布醇醚 （AEO3/AEO5/AEO7/AEO9） 、氧气和氢氧化钠为原料氧化法合成窄分布醇醚羧酸盐 （AEC3/AEC5/AEC7/AEC9） ,并优化窄分布AEC7 （7EO醇醚羧酸盐） 合成工艺条件,同时考察了系列窄分布醇醚羧酸盐在不同pH值下的表面张力、泡沫性能和润湿性能。结果表明,钯碳负载催化剂用量为醇醚质量的0.4% （以氯化钯计） ,AEC7合成优化条件为：反应温度75 ℃,氧压0.03 MPa,反应转速700 r/min,原料窄分布AEO7与氢氧化钠摩尔比1∶1.02,产率达到93.8%;体系酸碱度对窄分布醇醚羧酸盐性能影响明显,在中性条件下,与AEC3/AEC5/AEC9相比,AEC7表面张力最大为41.66 mN/m;酸性条件下,AEC3 （3EO醇醚羧酸盐） 发泡性最弱,碱性条件下,AEC3发泡性最强;在中性和碱性条件下,窄分布AEC3和AEC5/AEC7/AEC9相比,在润湿和表面张力方面具有明显优势。 A series of fatty alcohol ether carboxylates （AEC） with narrow distribution （AEC3/AEC5/AEC7/AEC9） were synthesized by oxidation and using narrow distribution AEO （AEO3/AEO5/AEO7/AEO9）, oxygen and sodium hydroxide as raw materials. The process conditions of synthesis of narrow distribution AEC7 （7EO units） were optimized. The surface tension, foaming performance and wettability of a series of narrow distribution AEC at different pH values were also investigated. The results show that： Given that the palladium carbon supported catalyst is in an amount corresponding to 0.4% of the mass of alcohol ether （by palladium chloride）, the optimized conditions to synthesize AEC7 are as follows： the reaction temperature is 75 ℃, the oxygen pressure is 0.03 MPa, the rotating speed is 700 r/min, the molar ratio of narrow distribution AEO7 to NaOH is 1∶1.02, and the yield thus obtained can reach 93.8%; The pH value has significant effects on the properties of AEC with narrow distribution. Among the AECs under investigation, the surface tension of AEC7 being 41.66 mN/m is the highest compared with AEC3/AEC5/AEC9 under neutral conditions; AEC3 （3EO units） has the weakest foaming performance under acidic conditions and the strongest foaming performance under alkaline conditions; Among the narrow distribution AECs, AEC3 has obvious advantages in wetting and surface tension compared with AEC5/AEC7/AEC9 under neutral and alkaline conditions. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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阳离子聚合物对香波留香作用的研究 Study of the function of cationic polymers in shampoo for fragrance long-lasting performance 牛丽娟,瞿欣,刘聪颖,常晓维,张萌萌 2019 (1):  24-28.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.01.006 摘要 ( 703 )   HTML ( 23 )   PDF(1100KB) ( 514 )   以阳离子聚合物在洗发水中的絮胶和沉积技术为基础,创新的使用荧光光谱技术测试香精在发丝上的沉积,并结合香气强度感官评价对比了阳离子瓜尔胶和丙烯酰胺丙基三甲基氯化铵/丙酰胺共聚物 （Poly APTC-ACM） 对不同类型香精的沉积效果和留香效果。结果表明,阳离子聚合物Poly APTC-ACM可以持续有效提升不同类型香精在头发上的沉积量,尤其是受损头发。香气强度感官评价也表明含Poly APTC-ACM的香波处理的发束具有显著的48 h持久留香效果。在成品香波中添加Poly APTC-ACM后香精沉积量和消费者半头测试表明,Poly APTC-ACM不仅具有持久留香效果,同时可以改善香波的整体调理表现。 Based on the technologies of coacervation and deposition of cationic polymers in shampoo, the technique of fluorescence spectroscopy was innovatively used to analyze the deposition of perfume on hair fibers, in combination with the sensory evaluation of fragrance intensity. The deposition and fragrance long-lasting performances of cationic guar gum were compared with that of Poly APTC-ACM. The results show that Poly APTC-ACM can effectively enhance the deposition levels of perfumes of different types on hair （especially damaged hair）. The results of the sensory evaluation of fragrance intensity also show that the hair switches treated with the shampoo containing Poly APTC-ACM have shown a 48 h long-lasting fragrance. The results of perfume deposition and half-head consumer evaluation for the finished product of shampoo added with Poly APTC-ACM show that Poly APTC-ACM can improve not only the fragrance long-lasting performance but also the whole conditioning performance of shampoo. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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三皮素对抗痤疮的功效研究 Efficacy study of antisebum GMP in the treatment of acne vulgaris 卢伊娜,王光寅,谢红,谢智勇 2019 (1):  29-33.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.01.007 摘要 ( 1144 )   HTML ( 27 )   PDF(1257KB) ( 1032 )   以倒捻子果皮﹑厚朴树皮﹑石榴果皮3种植物皮提取物组成的三皮素溶液为研究对象,通过多种方法对其抗脂质过氧化﹑控油﹑抑菌﹑抗炎的功效进行研究。结果显示,三皮素在质量分数为1%时,对脂质过氧化有显著的抑制效果。质量分数为0.1%的三皮素处理皮脂腺细胞24 h后,可显著下调胰岛素样受体 （IGF1R） ﹑过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体 （PPARγ） 的mRNA表达水平来降低细胞内脂质合成。三皮素对痤疮丙酸杆菌的最低抑菌浓度 （MIC） 为0.03%。在痤疮丙酸杆菌诱导的巨噬细胞炎症模型上,三皮素能剂量依赖性地抑制白介素6 （IL6） ﹑前列腺素E2 （PGE2） 和一氧化氮 （NO） 的表达。三皮素作为一种天然来源的活性原料,可针对痤疮发病机制中的各大因素来发挥其对抗痤疮的作用。 The solution of antisebum GMP which consists of the extracts from the peels of Garcinia Mangostana, Magnolia Officinalis, and Punica Granatum has been used to study its efficacy in anti-lipid peroxidation, oil control, anti-bacteria and anti-inflammation. The results show that GMP has significant inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation at the mass concentration of 1%. After the treatment of sebaceous gland cells with GMP （0.1%） for 24 h, the mRNA expression levels of insulin like receptor （IGF1R） and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor （PPARγ） can be remarkably down-regulated to reduce the intracellular lipid synthesis in the cells. The minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） of GMP on Propionibacterium acnes is 0.03%. On the model of macrophage inflammation induced by Propionibacterium acnes, GMP can also inhibit the expression of interleukin 6 （IL6）, prostaglandin E2 （PGE2） and nitric oxide （NO） in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, as a natural active ingredient, GMP can play a role in anti-acne aiming at the various factors in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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超声辐射碳酸钾催化Knoevenagel反应及4H-色烯的合成 Knoevenagel condensation and the synthesis of 4H-chromene derivatives catalyzed by K2CO3 under ultrasound irradiation 曾育才,刘小玲,杨素珍,郭丽曼 2019 (1):  34-39.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.01.008 摘要 ( 343 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF(866KB) ( 469 )   在超声辐射下,无溶剂K2CO3催化芳醛与氰基乙酸酯发生Knoevenagel反应合成4种2-氰基肉桂酸酯和6种4H-色烯衍生物。实验结果表明：当苯甲醛与氰基乙酸甲酯用量各为10 mmol,无水碳酸钾用量为1 mmol,超声功率为150 W,室温下反应30 min以94.6%高产率得到2-氰基肉桂酸甲酯;推电子基的4-取代苯甲醛与氰基乙酸酯的缩合产率明显下降。当水杨醛用量为10 mmol,氰基乙酸乙酯用量为22.5 mmol,无水碳酸钾用量为0.1 mmol,超声功率为250 W,30 ℃下反应20 min以91%产率得到4H-色烯衍生物;推电子基的5-取代水杨醛则不能反应。产物结构通过熔点测定、IR和 1H NMR进行表征。 Four 2-cyano-cinnamates and six 4H-chromene derivatives were synthesized from aromatic aldehydes with cyanoacetates via solvent-free Knoevenagel condensation using K2CO3 as catalyst under ultrasound irradiation. The experimental results indicate that the yield of methyl 2-cyano-cinnamate is up to 94.6% after reaction for 30 min at room temperature under ultrasonic power of 150 W when the dosages of benzaldehyde, methyl cyanoacetate and K2CO3 are 10, 10 and 1 mmol, respectively. However, for the 4-substituted benzaldehyde with electron-donating groups, the yields of condensation with cyanoacetate significantly decrease in the same condition. In contrast, the yield of 4H-chromene derivative is up to 91% after reaction for 20 min at 30 ℃ under ultrasonic power of 250 W when the amounts of salicylaldehyde, ethyl cyanoacetate and K2CO3 are 10, 22.5 and 0.1 mmol, respectively. However, 5-substituted salicylaldehyde with electron-donating groups can’t react with cyanoacetate. The products were characterized by mp, IR and 1H NMR． 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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高稳定二溴海因水溶液制备及其消毒效果研究 Preparation and disinfection effect of a highly stable aqueous solution of dibromohydantoin （DBDMH） 周龙梅,张亮亮,王金燕 2019 (1):  40-43.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.01.009 摘要 ( 476 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF(807KB) ( 756 )   以氨基磺酸为稳定剂,配制质量浓度为25. 3 g/L的二溴海因水溶液,测定了水溶液的紫外吸收光谱、稳定性和杀菌性。由实验结果可知,该水溶液在波长280 nm处有吸收峰,表明水溶液中氨基磺酸氮原子与二溴海因分子中的部分活性溴形成共价键,从而减缓活性溴的释放,增强二溴海因在水溶液中的稳定性;稳定性实验表明该水溶液具有良好的稳定性;二溴海因质量浓度为1 000 mg/L的消毒液对悬液中大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌具有优异的杀菌效果,二溴海因质量浓度为2 500 mg/L的消毒液对悬液中白色念珠菌具有优异的杀菌效果;现场消毒实验表明二溴海因消毒液对物体表面自然菌具有良好的杀菌效果。 An aqueous solution of dibromohydantoin （DBDMH） whose concentration was 25.3 g/L was prepared with sulfamic acid as the stabilizer. The UV absorption spectrum, stability and bactericidal activity of this solution were examined. The experimental results show that, there is an absorption peak at the wavelength of 280 nm, indicating that covalent bonds have been formed between the nitrogen atoms in the sulfamic acid molecules and part of active bromine atoms in the DBDMH molecules. This can reduce the release of the active bromines and help to stabilize the DBDMH in the water. The results of stability test reveal that the solution is very stable. It is found that the solution containing 1 000 mg/L DBDMH shows superior disinfection effects against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The solution containing 2 500 mg/L DBDMH shows superior disinfection effects against Candida albicans in the suspension. The results of the spot test show that the solution of DBDMH also shows good disinfection effects against natural germs. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

专论与综述

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化学驱乳化机理及乳化驱油新技术研究进展 Research progress of the emulsification mechanism in chemical flooding and the new technology of emulsification displacement 苑光宇 2019 (1):  44-50.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.01.010 摘要 ( 462 )   HTML ( 13 )   PDF(710KB) ( 464 )   乳化作用是化学驱的重要机理之一,近年来的研究较多,同时乳化相关驱油新技术也越来越受到重视。介绍了乳化的基本概念,总结了化学驱中乳化作用的机理,分析了化学驱乳化的影响因素,介绍了目前乳化驱油新技术的研究现状,最后在指出目前存在的一些问题的基础上,给出了一些建议。随着化学驱应用规模逐步扩大,对化学驱新技术的需求日益强烈,乳化的研究仍需深入,乳化驱油技术具有较大的研究与应用潜力。 Emulsification is one of the important mechanisms in chemical flooding, which is widely studied in recent years. In addition, the new technology of emulsification displacement is focused increasingly. The basic concepts in emulsification have been introduced. The emulsification mechanism in chemical flooding has been summarized, and the influencing factors in chemical flooding emulsification has been analyzed. The current research status of new technology for emulsification displacement has been introduced. Some problems are pointed out and some suggestions are given. As the application of chemical flooding gradually becomes in a larger scale, the demand for new chemical flooding technology is increasingly strong. The deep study of emulsification should go on. The technology of emulsification displacement has great research value and application potential. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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皮肤中神经酰胺的研究及应用现状 Research and application status of ceramide in skin 王贺聪,何聪芬 2019 (1):  51-57.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.01.011 摘要 ( 1168 )   HTML ( 74 )   PDF(1101KB) ( 1419 )   概述了神经酰胺的结构、理化性质及在体内的主要代谢途径。主要介绍了神经酰胺的制备、分离、检测方法,以及在医药、化妆品中的应用。展望了神经酰胺抗衰老、美白作用和在不同年龄阶段的应用,为神经酰胺更广泛安全的应用提供理论依据。 The structure, physicochemical properties and main metabolic pathways in ceramide were summarized. The preparation, separation and detection methods of ceramides, as well as its applications in medicine and cosmetics were introduced. The anti-aging and whitening effects of ceramide and its application in different age groups were prospected, which provided a theoretical basis for the wider and safer application of ceramide. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

分析与检测

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LC-MS/MS法测定蜂胶类牙膏中白杨黄素的含量 Determination of the content of chrysin in propolis toothpaste by LC-MS/MS 韩雅楠,苏慧锋 2019 (1):  58-62.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.01.012 摘要 ( 367 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF(972KB) ( 425 )   采用甲醇提取蜂胶类牙膏中白杨黄素 （ChR） ,冷冻离心净化,经Diamonsil C18 （4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm） 色谱柱分离,质谱检测器检测,建立了液相色谱-串联质谱法 （LC-MS/MS） 测定蜂胶类牙膏中ChR含量。结果表明,ChR在5.0~ 100.0 μg/L质量浓度范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数 （R 2） 为0.999 8;检出限为1.5 μg/kg,定量限为5.0 μg/kg;加标回收率为93.0%~100.1%,相对标准偏差 （RSD） 为1.3%~3.4%。 The chrysin （ChR） in propolis toothpaste was extracted by methanol, purified by freezing centrifugation, separated by Diamonsil C18 column （4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm） and detected by mass spectrometry. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （LC-MS/MS） method was established to determine the content of ChR in propolis toothpaste. The results show that ChR has a good linear relationship in the range of 5.0-100.0 μg/L mass concentration, and the correlation coefficients （R 2） was 0.999 8. The detection limit is 1.5 μg/kg and the limit of quantification is 5.0 μg/kg. The average recovery of the spiked standard is 93.0% to 100.1%, and the relative standard deviation （RSD） is 1.3% to 3.4%. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标