超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定化妆品中27种磺胺类药物

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2023.01.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（UPLC-MS/MS）测定化妆品中27种非法添加磺胺类药物的分析方法。样品经甲醇提取，用Thermo Hypersil GOLD（100×2.1 mm，1.9 μm）色谱柱分离，以0.1%（V/V）乙酸水溶液-0.1%（V/V）乙酸乙腈溶液为流动相梯度洗脱，在电喷雾正、负离子模式下以多反应监测（MRM）方式对化妆品中的27种磺胺类药物进行定性定量测定。27种待测组分在各自的质量浓度范围内线性关系良好，相关系数均大于0.99，在3个不同添加水平下，平均回收率为79.3%~112.2%，RSD为1.4%~13.1%（n=6），方法的检出限（S/N≥3）和定量限（S/N≥10）分别为2.3~97.6 μg/kg和7.7~322.0 μg/kg。该方法简单快速，灵敏可靠，适用于化妆品中27种磺胺类药物的同时定性定量筛查分析。

关键词: 超高效液相色谱-串联质谱, 磺胺类, 化妆品, 非法添加

Abstract:

The study aims to establish an analytical method for determination of 27 illegally added sulfonamides in cosmetics by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The samples were extracted by methanol，and separated on Thermo Hypersil GOLD column （100×2.1 mm，1.9 μm）, 0.1%（V/V）acetic acid aqueous solution and 0.1%（V/V）acetic acid acetonitrile solution were used as mobile phases with gradient elution. The quantitative analysis of 27 sulfonamides were operated in the electrospray ionization positive/negative mode using multiple reaction monitoring （MRM）. The correlation coefficients of linear calibration curves are greater than 0.99 in the corresponding mass concentration ranges of the 27 sulfonamides. The average recoveries of the 27 sulfonamides at three spiked levels range from 79.3% to 112.2% with the relative standard deviations of 1.4%-13.1%（n=6）. The LODS （S/N≥3） and LOQS（S/N≥10） are 2.3-97.6 μg/kg and 7.7-322.0 μg/kg, respectively. The results show that this method is simple, rapid, sensitive and reliable. It is suitable for qualitative and quantitative screening analysis of the 27 sulfonamides in cosmetics simultaneously.

Key words: ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, sulfonamides, cosmetics, illegally added

中图分类号:

TQ658

贺丽英, 蒋凤兵. 超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定化妆品中27种磺胺类药物[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2023, 53(1): 100-108.

He Liying, Jiang Fengbing. Determination of 27 sulfonamides in cosmetics by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2023, 53(1): 100-108.

图/表 7

表 1

表 2

27种磺胺类药物的质谱参数"

序号	中文名称	英文名称	保留时间/min	电离方式	母离子（m/z）	锥孔电压/V	子离子（m/z）	碰撞能量/ V
1	磺胺胍	Sulfaguanidine	1.25	ESI⁺	215.1	89	108.2*/92.2	22/25
2	磺胺	Sulfanilamide	1.44	ESI⁺	173.1	32	156.0*/92.2	10/16
3	磺胺醋酰	Sulfacetamide	2.66	ESI^-	213.1	137	195.0*/171.0	18/19
4	磺胺二甲异嘧啶	Sulfisomidine	3.01	ESI⁺	279.1	132	124.2*/185.9	21/15
5	磺胺嘧啶	Sulfadiazine	3.31	ESI⁺	251.1	103	156.0*/92.2	15/26
6	磺胺噻唑	Sulfathiazole	4.21	ESI⁺	256.0	110	156.0*/92.2	15/25
7	磺胺吡啶	Sulfapyridine	4.31	ESI⁺	250.1	141	156.0*/184.0	16/17
8	二甲氧苄啶	Diaveridine	4.38	ESI⁺	261.1	175	245.0*/123.1	23/26
9	磺胺甲基嘧啶	Sulfapyridine	4.63	ESI⁺	265.1	99	172.0*/156.0	15/16
10	甲氧苄啶	Trimethoprim	5.15	ESI⁺	291.1	187	230.0*/261.0	23/25
11	磺胺二甲噁唑	Sulfamoxole	5.76	ESI⁺	268.1	122	156.0*/92.2	15/26
12	磺胺二甲嘧啶	Sulfamethazine	5.87	ESI⁺	279.1	154	186.0*/124.1	16/24
13	磺胺对甲氧嘧啶	Sulfameter	6.01	ESI⁺	281.1	133	156.0*/108.2	16/25
14	琥珀酰磺胺噻唑	Succinylsulfathiazole	6.07	ESI^-	354.0	151	253.9*/98.1	13/23
15	磺胺甲噻二唑	Sulfamethizole	6.21	ESI^-	269.0	139	196.0*/187.9	21/17
16	磺胺甲氧哒嗪	Sulfamethoxypyridazine	6.36	ESI⁺	281.1	154	156.0*/92.2	16/28
17	磺胺间甲氧嘧啶	Sulfamonomethoxine	7.50	ESI^-	279.1	192	132.1*/183.0	30/22
18	磺胺氯哒嗪	Sulfachloropyridazine	7.52	ESI^-	283.0	166	155.9*/128.0	26/28
19	磺胺邻二甲氧嘧啶	Sulfadoxine	8.33	ESI⁺	311.1	156	156.0*/108.1	17/25
20	磺胺甲基异噁唑	Sulfamethoxazole	8.50	ESI^-	252.1	117	156.0*/92.1	15/26
21	磺胺二甲异噁唑	Sulfisoxazole	9.36	ESI^-	266.1	134	171.0*/238.9	18/17
22	磺胺苯甲酰	Sulfabenzamide	10.14	ESI^-	275.1	179	156.0*/108.1	26/24
23	磺胺氯吡嗪	Sulfachloropyrazine	10.77	ESI^-	283.0	153	107.1*/156.0	19/24
24	磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶	Sulfadimethoxine	11.37	ESI⁺	311.1	154	156.0*/92.2	20/32
25	磺胺苯吡唑	Sulfaphenazole	11.61	ESI^-	313.1	181	156.0*/92.1	26/35
26	磺胺喹噁啉	Sulfaquinoxaline	11.73	ESI⁺	301.1	126	156.0*/92.2	15/27
27	磺胺硝苯	Sulfanitran	17.24	ESI^-	334.0	222	136.0*/270.0	29/23

表 2

图 1

表 3

27种磺胺类药物的线性方程、相关系数、检出限和定量限"

序号	组分名称	线性范围/ （ng/mL）	线性方程	相关系数r	检出质量浓度/（ng/mL）	定量质量浓度/（ng/mL）	检出限/ （μg/kg）	定量限/ （μg/kg）
1	磺胺胍	2~200	Y=3 566X+3 358	0.999 7	0.8	2.0	30.3	100.0
2	磺胺	20~2 000	Y=1 045X-22 950	0.998 1	1.8	6.0	90.3	297.9
3	磺胺醋酰	20~2 000	Y=590.5X+10 910	0.999 2	2.0	6.4	97.6	322.0
4	磺胺二甲异嘧啶	2~200	Y=21 180X-17 970	0.999 0	0.1	0.2	2.8	9.2
5	磺胺嘧啶	2~200	Y=10 860X-8 631	0.998 5	0.6	2.0	30.1	99.3
6	磺胺噻唑	4~200	Y=16 350X-22 160	0.999 7	0.9	3.1	46.4	153.2
7	磺胺吡啶	2~200	Y=8 358X+10 270	0.999 6	0.1	0.3	4.1	13.4
8	二甲氧苄啶	2~200	Y=26 260X-7 432	0.999 6	0.1	0.2	3.0	10.0
9	磺胺甲基嘧啶	4~200	Y=7 447X-2 696	0.999 6	0.8	2.6	38.9	128.4
10	甲氧苄啶	2~200	Y=12 700X-9 021	0.999 3	0.1	0.2	2.8	9.3
11	磺胺二甲噁唑	2~200	Y=11 370X-8 466	0.999 2	0.0	0.2	2.3	7.7
12	磺胺二甲嘧啶	2~200	Y=17 580X-3 493	0.999 6	0.1	0.3	4.6	15.1
13	磺胺对甲氧嘧啶	2~200	Y=5 260X-5 553	0.998 7	0.6	2.0	30.3	100.0
14	琥珀酰磺胺噻唑	2~200	Y=1 798X-2 887	0.998 2	0.6	2.1	31.8	105.0
15	磺胺甲噻二唑	4~200	Y=2 114X-1 952	0.998 3	0.8	2.5	37.9	125.0
16	磺胺甲氧哒嗪	2~200	Y=8 996X-4 785	0.999 6	0.6	1.9	29.4	97.0
17	磺胺间甲氧嘧啶	20~2 000	Y=273.8X+20 920	0.995 2	1.6	5.3	79.6	262.6
18	磺胺氯哒嗪	20~2 000	Y=79.91X+4 360	0.997 9	1.7	5.5	83.8	276.5
19	磺胺邻二甲氧嘧啶	2~200	Y=15 010X+8 045	0.999 5	0.1	0.2	3.1	10.2
20	磺胺甲基异噁唑	2~200	Y=2 781X-6 704	0.998 1	0.6	1.9	28.2	93.0
21	磺胺二甲异噁唑	2~200	Y=1 995X+1 836	0.999 1	0.6	2.1	31.8	105.0
22	磺胺苯甲酰	20~2 000	Y=417.5X+15 890	0.998 7	0.5	1.6	24.8	81.8
23	磺胺氯吡嗪	20~2 000	Y=108.4X+6 442	0.997 0	1.4	4.7	71.0	234.3
24	磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶	2~200	Y=15 210X+3 081	0.999 1	0.1	0.3	4.5	14.8
25	磺胺苯吡唑	2~200	Y=2 743X+5 084	0.999 4	0.7	2.2	34.1	112.4
26	磺胺喹噁啉	2~200	Y=10 490X-5 149	0.999 2	0.1	0.2	2.8	9.3
27	磺胺硝苯	4~200	Y=1 014X+5 827	0.997 2	0.7	2.4	36.4	120.0

表 3

表 4

低质量浓度水平下不同基质中27种磺胺类药物的回收率和精密度"

序号	组分名称	霜膏		散粉		唇膏		水剂		香波
序号	组分名称	回收率/%	RSD/%	回收率/%	RSD/%	回收率/%	RSD/%	回收率/%	RSD/%	回收率/%	RSD/%
1	磺胺胍	111.0	7.5	105.1	6.0	105.5	12.2	107.2	6.1	107.7	12.4
2	磺胺	95.0	7.2	106.7	6.1	90.7	5.1	108.9	6.2	92.5	5.2
3	磺胺醋酰	102.4	7.6	105.1	6.6	102.7	5.9	107.2	6.7	104.8	6.0
4	磺胺二甲异嘧啶	106.0	8.4	107.5	4.5	106.0	7.6	109.7	4.6	108.2	7.8
5	磺胺嘧啶	103.6	9.0	99.5	5.5	94.4	5.5	101.5	5.6	96.3	5.6
6	磺胺噻唑	104.3	9.3	82.3	11.6	90.5	5.6	84.0	11.8	92.3	5.7
7	磺胺吡啶	108.2	6.5	106.5	11.2	105.0	10.8	108.7	11.4	107.1	11.0
8	二甲氧苄啶	112.2	9.8	101.6	4.1	102.9	1.6	103.7	4.2	105.0	1.6
9	磺胺甲基嘧啶	107.6	8.5	99.4	10.2	102.2	6.9	101.4	10.4	104.3	7.0
10	甲氧苄啶	103.6	7.9	102.3	5.6	105.2	6.8	104.4	5.7	107.3	6.9
11	磺胺二甲噁唑	98.1	10.0	102.9	7.0	93.8	6.8	105.0	7.1	95.7	6.9
12	磺胺二甲嘧啶	101.9	7.1	89.9	6.6	90.5	9.3	91.7	6.7	92.3	9.5
13	磺胺对甲氧嘧啶	103.7	9.1	103.2	8.1	93.8	10.6	105.3	8.3	95.7	10.8
14	琥珀酰磺胺噻唑	84.3	9.0	79.3	6.7	86.5	3.8	80.9	6.8	88.3	3.9
15	磺胺甲噻二唑	93.6	11.5	81.2	10.0	99.1	13.4	82.9	10.2	101.1	13.1
16	磺胺甲氧哒嗪	107.7	6.8	106.1	10.6	85.8	11.4	108.3	10.8	87.5	11.6
17	磺胺间甲氧嘧啶	105.2	4.3	105.9	4.2	105.4	6.1	108.1	4.3	107.6	6.2
18	磺胺氯哒嗪	102.2	5.1	104.3	8.6	102.9	5.8	106.4	8.8	105.0	5.9
19	磺胺邻二甲氧嘧啶	103.8	7.8	103.5	10.7	97.6	6.5	105.6	10.9	99.6	6.6
20	磺胺甲基异噁唑	93.7	10.0	83.4	12.1	86.2	9.8	85.1	12.3	88.0	10.0
21	磺胺二甲异噁唑	96.0	9.9	90.9	9.1	106.9	13.2	92.8	9.3	109.1	12.5
22	磺胺苯甲酰	105.4	5.6	99.0	6.2	104.9	6.0	101.0	6.3	107.0	6.1
23	磺胺氯吡嗪	104.8	6.1	106.2	4.8	103.0	7.2	108.4	4.9	105.1	7.3
24	磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶	99.2	11.2	94.6	8.6	106.1	8.2	96.5	8.8	108.3	8.4
25	磺胺苯吡唑	104.5	10.0	100.1	11.6	107.1	12.7	102.1	11.8	109.3	11.0
26	磺胺喹噁啉	101.2	12.0	92.8	9.0	104.2	9.1	94.7	9.2	106.3	9.3
27	磺胺硝苯	95.2	9.7	97.2	8.5	100.2	7.6	99.2	8.7	102.2	7.8

表 4

表 5

中质量浓度水平下不同基质中27种磺胺类药物的回收率和精密度"

序号	组分名称	霜膏		散粉		唇膏		水剂		香波
序号	组分名称	回收率/%	RSD/%	回收率/%	RSD/%	回收率/%	RSD/%	回收率/%	RSD/%	回收率/%	RSD/%
1	磺胺胍	101.8	5.3	107.4	5.1	106.9	4.8	99.6	6.1	106.9	11.4
2	磺胺	108.6	4.2	92.2	5.7	92.0	6.0	96.9	6.2	107.7	5.2
3	磺胺醋酰	94.0	7.4	105.1	2.2	108.1	2.9	98.2	6.7	108.8	6.0
4	磺胺二甲异嘧啶	92.0	7.2	108.8	5.9	108.6	6.9	99.9	4.6	108.9	7.8
5	磺胺嘧啶	93.5	5.5	106.3	4.0	107.1	2.8	99.0	5.6	109.7	5.6
6	磺胺噻唑	92.1	5.8	83.8	5.7	84.1	13.0	85.3	11.8	80.7	5.7
7	磺胺吡啶	88.3	5.7	95.1	2.3	95.6	4.3	100.4	11.4	109.3	9.0
8	二甲氧苄啶	99.4	6.1	107.8	3.1	109.1	1.9	100.8	4.2	109.4	1.6
9	磺胺甲基嘧啶	107.4	7.2	107.1	3.6	105.3	6.9	98.6	10.4	108.8	7.0
10	甲氧苄啶	90.2	6.4	103.6	3.3	108.8	3.9	100.4	5.7	108.4	6.9
11	磺胺二甲噁唑	94.2	8.9	102.1	5.7	104.0	6.7	99.5	7.1	107.2	6.9
12	磺胺二甲嘧啶	93.9	8.5	100.1	3.1	98.7	4.0	96.9	6.7	104.3	9.5
13	磺胺对甲氧嘧啶	88.8	8.3	110.8	6.5	108.6	3.4	103.7	8.3	111.4	8.8
14	琥珀酰磺胺噻唑	104.4	6.4	108.1	7.3	87.8	11.9	96.2	6.8	82.0	3.9
15	磺胺甲噻二唑	90.2	6.8	101.5	4.6	101.4	8.1	103.1	10.2	96.8	12.7
16	磺胺甲氧哒嗪	92.7	5.4	108.2	5.2	105.2	7.6	106.4	10.8	105.1	11.6
17	磺胺间甲氧嘧啶	106.9	5.6	109.0	5.6	107.8	5.4	101.8	4.3	109.4	6.2
18	磺胺氯哒嗪	97.2	5.2	100.4	6.8	106.1	5.2	98.4	8.8	102.2	5.9
19	磺胺邻二甲氧嘧啶	89.9	7.2	109.0	3.0	107.4	9.1	103.5	10.9	108.4	6.6
20	磺胺甲基异噁唑	101.0	7.9	99.2	10.8	93.5	6.7	97.0	12.3	89.9	10.2
21	磺胺二甲异噁唑	97.7	7.2	108.5	3.4	108.7	6.0	99.4	9.3	107.9	11.5
22	磺胺苯甲酰	102.7	7.3	104.9	7.2	108.3	6.7	103.0	6.3	104.4	6.1
23	磺胺氯吡嗪	97.1	6.4	107.3	6.9	106.2	7.0	102.9	4.9	107.2	7.3
24	磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶	96.6	7.7	105.4	5.2	105.9	5.3	101.3	8.8	102.4	8.4
25	磺胺苯吡唑	106.7	8.2	109.0	4.6	107.0	6.4	102.0	11.8	109.6	11.0
26	磺胺喹噁啉	88.1	8.7	108.0	5.3	104.5	7.4	99.2	9.2	101.5	6.3
27	磺胺硝苯	99.8	7.2	98.8	6.2	99.4	7.5	101.4	8.7	108.1	7.2

表 5

表 6

高质量浓度水平下不同基质中27种磺胺类药物的回收率和精密度"

序号	组分名称	霜膏		散粉		唇膏		水剂		香波
序号	组分名称	回收率/%	RSD/%	回收率/%	RSD/%	回收率/%	RSD/%	回收率/%	RSD/%	回收率/%	RSD/%
1	磺胺胍	102.7	3.9	107.5	5.4	106.6	7.0	97.4	6.8	105.9	7.3
2	磺胺	98.4	5.7	100.7	6.7	107.9	6.0	93.4	2.0	92.2	4.7
3	磺胺醋酰	97.7	4.5	99.9	6.6	101.4	7.0	108.1	4.8	102.6	6.1
4	磺胺二甲异嘧啶	99.1	6.7	97.7	5.7	108.2	6.4	103.9	6.2	102.5	7.1
5	磺胺嘧啶	94.8	5.8	92.2	6.7	107.4	5.2	98.0	4.6	92.4	6.6
6	磺胺噻唑	95.7	6.0	91.5	3.9	91.3	3.8	91.4	4.9	90.7	4.2
7	磺胺吡啶	100.1	4.9	95.2	6.7	108.9	6.8	98.1	5.8	101.6	5.7
8	二甲氧苄啶	101.6	5.4	97.7	6.5	103.3	7.3	101.9	7.0	100.1	5.4
9	磺胺甲基嘧啶	97.4	6.0	93.7	5.5	99.6	4.8	104.8	4.2	96.6	7.1
10	甲氧苄啶	102.1	5.1	101.9	7.2	105.7	4.3	103.7	6.9	106.9	3.6
11	磺胺二甲噁唑	97.5	4.3	94.7	3.2	108.4	1.4	107.0	6.0	93.7	6.9
12	磺胺二甲嘧啶	98.3	5.6	92.6	6.9	106.0	3.0	101.7	6.5	92.3	7.2
13	磺胺对甲氧嘧啶	102.7	3.2	93.1	6.6	102.4	4.7	99.9	4.9	96.7	6.3
14	琥珀酰磺胺噻唑	98.2	4.1	91.0	5.1	94.8	4.0	91.4	6.3	91.0	6.4
15	磺胺甲噻二唑	98.2	6.0	94.3	5.7	107.6	3.7	108.4	6.4	96.7	2.2
16	磺胺甲氧哒嗪	97.4	5.3	93.4	6.5	109.2	4.5	96.9	4.7	92.5	5.7
17	磺胺间甲氧嘧啶	102.6	3.7	109.3	4.7	99.7	3.4	106.4	7.0	108.6	5.5
18	磺胺氯哒嗪	102.0	2.4	107.4	6.9	105.9	5.5	103.3	4.0	107.5	6.8
19	磺胺邻二甲氧嘧啶	99.5	6.3	100.4	5.9	104.5	6.0	105.8	7.1	105.1	5.0
20	磺胺甲基异噁唑	95.7	6.7	91.1	6.6	99.9	4.7	103.0	5.5	93.4	5.2
21	磺胺二甲异噁唑	99.2	6.2	106.8	7.3	107.4	5.9	107.6	6.3	108.0	3.8
22	磺胺苯甲酰	105.4	5.2	107.6	6.1	106.0	6.6	97.7	7.2	105.0	5.9
23	磺胺氯吡嗪	108.7	3.9	109.7	4.3	101.4	6.5	102.8	2.8	99.2	5.6
24	磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶	95.1	6.4	93.8	6.7	108.3	4.3	101.6	2.5	101.0	7.2
25	磺胺苯吡唑	102.7	4.4	105.7	6.8	104.2	4.1	106.6	6.8	104.4	6.7
26	磺胺喹噁啉	98.1	5.9	91.5	5.3	92.9	5.6	108.0	7.2	100.7	3.8
27	磺胺硝苯	102.3	5.6	104.9	6.1	106.9	4.9	105.9	6.6	104.9	7.1

表 6

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