日用化学工业 ›› 2022, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (9): 990-998.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2022.09.011
收稿日期:
2021-10-28
修回日期:
2022-08-29
出版日期:
2022-09-22
发布日期:
2022-09-23
通讯作者:
顾宇翔
Gu Yuxiang*(),Yang Baogang,Lu Yi
Received:
2021-10-28
Revised:
2022-08-29
Online:
2022-09-22
Published:
2022-09-23
Contact:
Yuxiang Gu
摘要:
概述了化妆品安全评估所涉及的化学性风险物质,包括《化妆品安全技术规范》规定的限用、准用物质中的杂质要求,化妆品原料标准和国内外研究、文献所报道的原料中可能存在的风险物质。结果表明准用着色剂中的风险物质较多,而且大多没有相应的检测方法;其他常用原料中可能含有的杂质不少是化妆品中的禁用物质,来源于降解、生产用原料带入、化学反应的副产物等多个途径,目前基本有配套的测定标准或文献方法可供参考。今后随着原料安全评估的深入开展,还会发现越来越多的风险物质,因此建议加强化妆品原料标准尤其是准用着色剂质量标准和所含风险物质检测方法标准的研究,充实化妆品标准体系。
中图分类号:
顾宇翔,杨保刚,陆壹. 化妆品中化学性风险物质及其检测研究进展[J]. 日用化学工业, 2022, 52(9): 990-998.
Gu Yuxiang,Yang Baogang,Lu Yi. Research progress on chemical risk substances and related detection methods in cosmetics[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2022, 52(9): 990-998.
表1
《化妆品安全技术规范》准用着色剂中的典型风险物质及其检测方法"
序号 | 风险物质 | 相应原料及适用范围 | 参考检测方法 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 苯胺 | 颜料红64(专用于不与黏膜接触的化妆品)、食品红12(各种化妆品) | GB/T 36907—2018 |
2 | 2-甲基喹啉、2-甲基喹啉磺酸、邻苯二甲酸、2,6-二甲基喹啉和2,6-二甲基喹啉磺酸 | 溶剂黄33(专用于不与黏膜接触的化妆品)、食品黄13(各种化妆品)等 | GB 1886.104—2015; Saadia A,2011[ |
3 | 对-甲苯胺 | 酸性紫43(专用于不与黏膜接触的化妆品)、溶剂紫13(各种化妆品)等 | SN/T 4303—2015*; 季浩,2016[ |
4 | 1,4-二羟基蒽醌 | 溶剂绿3(各种化妆品)、酸性绿25(各种化妆品) | HS/T 7—2006* |
5 | 2-(6-羟基-3-氧-3H-占吨-9-基)苯甲酸、2-(溴-6-羟基-3-氧-3H-占吨-9-基)苯甲酸 | 酸性橙11(各种化妆品)、酸性红87(各种化妆品)等 | — |
6 | 4-氨基苯-1-磺酸 | 食品黄3(各种化妆品)、食品黄4(各种化妆品) | GB 4481.1—2010; GB 6227.1—2010 |
7 | 6,6’-羟基双(2-萘磺酸)二钠盐 | 食品黄3(各种化妆品)、食品红17(各种化妆品) | GB 6227.1—2010; GB 1886.222—2016 |
8 | 4-氨基萘-1-磺酸 | 食品红3(各种化妆品)、食品黄3(各种化妆品)等 | 莫翠云,2008[ |
9 | 4,4’-(二偶氮氨基)-二苯磺酸 | 食品黄3(各种化妆品)、食品黄4(各种化妆品)等 | — |
10 | 3-羟基萘-2,7-二磺酸 | 食品红9(各种化妆品)、食品红7(各种化妆品)等 | — |
11 | 6-羟基萘-2-磺酸 | 食品黄3(各种化妆品)、食品红9(各种化妆品)等 | GB 6227.1—2010 |
12 | 7-羟基萘-1,3-二磺酸 | 食品黄3(各种化妆品)、食品红9(各种化妆品)等 | — |
13 | 7-羟基萘-1,3,6-三磺酸 | 食品红9(各种化妆品)、食品红7(各种化妆品) | — |
14 | 2,3,4-甲酰基苯磺酸及其钠盐、3-(乙基(4-磺苯基)氨基)甲基苯磺酸及其二钠盐 | 食品绿3(各种化妆品)、食品蓝2(各种化妆品) | — |
15 | 三碘间苯二酚、2-(2,4-二羟基-3,5-二羰基苯甲酰)苯甲酸 | 酸性红95(各种化妆品)、食品红14(各种化妆品) | — |
16 | 1-羟基-9,10-蒽二酮、1,4-二羟基-9,10-蒽二酮 | 酸性紫43(专用于不与黏膜接触的化妆品)、溶剂紫13(各种化妆品) | — |
17 | 2-萘酚 | 酸性橙7(除眼部化妆品之外的其他化妆品)、颜料红4(各种化妆品) | GB/T 18413—2001*;HJ1073—2019*;Ji Yeon Hong,2013[ |
18 | 未磺化芳香伯胺 | 食品红3(各种化妆品)、食品红17(各种化妆品)等 | GB 4481.1—2010附录;GB 6227.1—2010; GB 1886.222—2016等 |
19 | 3,3’-二甲基联苯胺 | 颜料黄16(专用于仅和皮肤暂时接触的化妆品)、颜料黄13(专用于仅和皮肤暂时接触的化妆品)等 | GB 19601—2013 |
表2
《化妆品安全技术规范》规定的其他原料中的风险物质及其检测方法"
序号 | 风险物质及其限制性要求 | 相应原料 | 参考检测方法 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 丙烯酰胺单体≤0.1 mg/kg(驻留类体用产品),≤0.5 mg/kg(其他产品) | 聚丙烯酰胺类 | 《化妆品安全技术规范》第四章2.22;GB/T 29659—2013等 |
2 | 仲链烷胺≤0.5% | 三链烷胺、三链烷醇胺及它们的盐类,单链烷胺、单链烷醇胺及它们的盐类 | — |
3 | 产品中亚硝胺≤50 μg/kg | 三链烷胺、三链烷醇胺及它们的盐类,单链烷胺、单链烷醇胺及它们的盐类,2,6-二羟乙基氨甲苯等 | ISO/TR 14735—2013;GB/T 35956—2018;GB/T 29669—2013等 |
4 | 3,3’,4,4’-四氯偶氮苯<1 mg/kg,3,3’,4,4’-四氯氧化偶氮苯<1 mg/kg | 三氯卡班 | Schneider S,1995[ |
5 | 甲醇≤2 000 mg/kg | 乙醇、异丙醇等 | 《化妆品安全技术规范》第四章2.22;SN/T 4441—2016等 |
6 | 石棉不得检出 | 滑石粉 | 《化妆品安全技术规范》第四章2.27;SN/T 2649.1—2010 |
7 | 游离甲醛 | 甲醛缓释体 | 《化妆品安全技术规范》第四章4.9 |
8 | 二噁烷≤30 mg/kg | 乙氧基结构原料 | 《化妆品安全技术规范》第四章2.19;GB/T 30932—2014等 |
表3
其他常用原料中的风险物质及其检测方法"
序号 | 风险物质 | 相应原料 | 参考检测方法 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 二甘醇 | 甘油、丙二醇、乙二醇等 | “化妆品用甘油原料要求”;《化妆品安全技术规范》第四章2.20;QB/T 5411—2019等 |
2 | 环氧乙烷 | 硬脂醇聚醚-200、聚乙二醇-75等 | 《化妆品安全技术规范》第四章2.21 |
3 | 农药 | 植物提取物 | GB/T 39665—2020 |
4 | 苯酚 | 水杨酸、苯氧乙醇、对羟基苯乙酮等 | 《化妆品安全技术规范》第四章2.26;GB/T 37544—2019等 |
5 | 4-氯苯酚等 | 三氯生、氯苯甘醚等 | QB/T 4947—2016 |
6 | 氯乙酸 | 脂肪酰胺丙基二甲基甜菜碱、脂肪烷基二甲基甜菜碱、醇(酚)醚羧酸(盐)等 | QB/T 2950—2008;GB/T 28193—2011 |
7 | 蒽醌 | 芦荟提取物 | 饶楠楠,2018[ |
8 | 5-甲氧基补骨脂素 | 柑橘果皮油、柑橘皮提取物、柑橘果提取物等 | 《化妆品安全技术规范》第四章2.7;GB/T 30935—2014等 |
9 | 未取代的烷烃磺酸内酯、氯代磺酸内酯、不饱和磺酸内酯 | α-烯烃磺酸钠 | 孔令鸟,2012[ |
10 | 椰油酰胺丙基二甲胺、3,3-二甲氨基丙胺 | 椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱类 | QB/T 4534—2013;雷小英,2018[ |
11 | 氢醌 | β-熊果苷 | 《化妆品安全技术规范》第四章2.26;GB/T 35824—2018等 |
12 | 苯 | 卡波姆,气雾剂中的推进剂 | 《化妆品安全技术规范》第四章2.32;SN/T 2933—2011等 |
13 | 硝基甲烷 | 2-溴-2-硝基丙烷-1,3二醇等 | GB/T 29677—2013 |
14 | 氯甲苯 | 苯扎氯铵 | 《化妆品安全技术规范》第四章2.12 |
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