硫酸皮肤素在皮肤组织中的生理功能与应用

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.04.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

硫酸皮肤素（Dermatan sulfate, DS）是一种由N-乙酰半乳糖胺（GalNAc）与糖醛酸交替连接而成的糖胺聚糖，具有显著的结构异质性和高负电荷密度，能够与多种蛋白质发生特异性相互作用，广泛参与组织发育、损伤修复、炎症调控等关键生理与病理过程。皮肤中，DS通过调控胶原纤维组装、影响细胞信号传导和介导细胞黏附，在维持皮肤机械强度、促进伤口愈合和抗衰老等方面发挥关键作用。近年来，随着对DS生物学功能研究的深入，其在皮肤健康与疾病干预领域的应用潜力日益凸显。本文系统梳理了DS在皮肤组织工程、创面愈合、抗纤维化和抗老化等前沿领域的最新研究进展，剖析了DS构象灵活性（由艾杜糖醛酸介导）及其特定硫酸化模式如何调控皮肤生物功能的核心机制，以期为相关基础研究的转化与创新产品开发提供理论依据和新思路。

关键词: 硫酸皮肤素, 核心蛋白聚糖, 皮肤, 功效化妆品

Abstract:

Dermatan sulfate （DS） is a glycosaminoglycan composed of alternating N-acetylgalactosamine （GalNAc） and uronic acid residues. Characterized by significant structural heterogeneity and high negative charge density, DS interacts specifically with diverse proteins, widely participating in critical physiological and pathological processes including tissue development, injury repair, and inflammation regulation. In the skin, DS plays a pivotal role in maintaining mechanical strength, promoting wound healing, and combating aging by regulating collagen fibril assembly, modulating cell signaling, and mediating cell adhesion. In recent years, with deepening research into its biological functions, the application potential of DS in skin health management and disease intervention has become increasingly prominent. This review systematically summarizes the latest research progress of DS in the frontier fields such as skin tissue engineering, wound healing, anti-fibrosis, and anti-aging. Furthermore, it dissects the core mechanisms by which DS conformational flexibility （mediated by iduronic acid） and specific sulfation patterns regulate cutaneous biological functions, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and novel insights for the translation of basic research and the development of innovative products.

Key words: dermatan sulfate, decorin, skin, cosmeceuticals

中图分类号:

TQ658

王峥, 钱佳俊, 樊雨梅, 凌沛学. 硫酸皮肤素在皮肤组织中的生理功能与应用[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2026, 56(4): 529-538.

Zheng Wang, Jiajun Qian, Yumei Fan, Peixue Ling. Physiological functions and applications of dermatan sulfate in skin tissue[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2026, 56(4): 529-538.

图/表 3

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来源	结构特征	优势	劣势	主要应用场景
从陆地哺乳动物（猪、牛等）组织中提取	以单硫酸化单元为主，分子量相对较低，分布范围较窄	免疫原性弱、生产工艺成熟	硫酸化程度有限，靶点特异性较低	皮肤组织工程、抗衰老、抗炎、保湿产品
从海洋动物（鲨鱼、鳐鱼、三文鱼等）组织中提取	以双硫酸化或三硫酸化二糖单元为主，结构复杂，常与CS形成杂合链，分子量分布范围较宽	硫酸化模式复杂，具有多靶点效果；不存在宗教限制	提取纯化工艺复杂，成本较高	经皮医疗设备
人工重组DS（通过基因工程、酶催化合成或微生物表达系统生产）	可设计特定硫酸化位点，分子量分布均一	纯度高、无动物源污染	研发成本较高	目前应用较为有限