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日用化学工业（中英文）

日用化学工业（中英文） ›› 2026, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (2): 208-216.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.02.009

• 基础研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

人面部皮肤可培养细菌的物种多样性及化妆品防腐剂的影响研究

王丹羽,王学硕,骆海朋,李景云,崔生辉*(),路勇*()   

  1. 中国食品药品检定研究院，北京 100050
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-23 修回日期:2026-01-28 出版日期:2026-02-22 发布日期:2026-03-09
  • 基金资助:
    中国食品药品检定研究院关键技术研究基金(GJJS-2022-8-5);中国食品药品检定研究院中青年发展研究基金(2022C2)

Study on the species diversity of culturable bacteria in human facial skin and the influence of cosmetic preservatives

Danyu Wang,Xueshuo Wang,Haipeng Luo,Jingyun Li,Shenghui Cui*(),Yong Lu*()   

  1. National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100050, China
  • Received:2025-03-23 Revised:2026-01-28 Online:2026-02-22 Published:2026-03-09
  • Contact: E-mail: cuishenghui@aliyun.com（Shenghui Cui）;luyong0560@126.com（Yong Lu）.

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摘要：

为探究健康人群面部皮肤可培养细菌的物种多样性，并分析化妆品防腐剂对微生态平衡的潜在影响，该研究运用培养组学技术对56名健康志愿者的130份面部皮肤微生物样本进行分离培养，同时结合MALDI-TOF MS、16S rRNA测序及全基因组测序等高通量技术进行菌种鉴定，并将鉴定结果与志愿者相关信息开展数据分析。共成功培养435株细菌，分属于4门41属88种，其中厚壁菌门为优势门（71.03%），葡萄球菌属为优势菌属（59.54%），表皮葡萄球菌为优势种（占菌株总数的50.80%）。分析结果显示，老年人及非化妆品使用者面部可培养细菌的物种多样性较高。化妆品中的季铵盐类防腐剂（十六烷基三甲基溴化铵）、尼泊金酯类防腐剂（4-羟基苯甲酸乙酯）和甲醛释放体类防腐剂（咪唑烷基脲）对面部可培养细菌表现出显著的抑制作用。人体面部皮肤蕴藏着丰富的微生物资源，其群落结构受宿主性别、年龄及化妆品暴露程度影响。培养组学不仅能扩充人源原核生物物种资源，还可与宏基因组学研究相互佐证、相互补充，推动皮肤微生物学的发展。

关键词: 培养组学, 可培养细菌, 皮肤微生物, 多样性

Abstract:

This study aims to investigate the species diversity of culturable bacteria in the facial skin of healthy people, and to explore the potential effects of cosmetic preservatives on microecological balance. A total of 130 skin samples from 3 facial regions of 56 healthy volunteers were isolated and cultured by culturomics technology, and the strains were identified by high-throughput technologies such as MALDI-TOF MS, 16S rRNA sequencing, and whole genome sequencing. The identification results were combined with the information of the volunteers for data analysis. Four hundred and thirty-five strains of bacteria（4 phyla, 41 genera and 88 species）are successfully cultured. The dominant phylum is Firmicutes（71.03%）, the dominant genus is Staphylococcus （59.54%）, and the dominant species is Staphylococcus epidermidis （50.80% of the total strains）. The diversity of microbiota increases in the elderly and non-cosmetic users. The quaternary ammonium salt preservative（cetyltrimethylammonium bromide）, paraben preservative（ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate）and formaldehyde releaser-based preservative（imidazolidinyl urea）in cosmetics show significant inhibitory effects on facial cultivable bacteria. Human facial skin is rich in microbial resources, and the differences in host gender, age and cosmetic exposure influence the structure of microbial communities. Culturomics can not only expand the resources of human prokaryotic species, but also support and complement sequencing-based metagenomics research to promote the development of skin microbiology.

Key words: culturomics, culturable bacterium, skin microbiota, diversity

中图分类号: 

  • TQ658