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2026年, 第56卷, 第2期　刊出日期：2026-02-22 上一期    下一期

科技讲座

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黏弹性表面活性剂（II）——蠕虫状胶束形成机理及体系构成 Viscoelastic surfactants（II）Formation mechanisms and system formulations of wormlike micelles 冯玉军 2026 (2):  137-148.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.02.001 摘要 ( 936 )   HTML ( 18 )   PDF(8334KB) ( 209 )   蠕虫状胶束作为一维自组装聚集体，宏观上便显出独特的黏弹性等流变行为。本文系统阐述了该类胶束的形成机理与体系构成：从热力学视角，其生长受疏水效应与头基排斥的协同调控，临界堆积参数主导由球状至柱状的形态演变；动力学上，涉及胶束断裂、重组及分子交换等多时间尺度过程。对阳离子、阴离子、两性离子、非离子蠕虫状胶束体系构建进行了深入总结，简述了超长链表面活性剂在低浓度下形成蠕虫状胶束的新进展。未来研究需进一步揭示组分间微观作用机制，建立结构-性能的定量关联，并拓展其在智能流体、绿色材料及生物医学等领域的应用。 Wormlike micelles（WLMs）, as versatile one-dimensional nanostructures, impart unique viscoelasticity and shear responsiveness to fluids, making them essential functional materials across numerous industrial and biomedical applications. This review delineates their formation mechanisms and system compositions to provide a theoretical basis for rational surfactant design. WLMs arise from a thermodynamic-kinetic interplay: the hydrophobic effect drives assembly, while headgroup repulsion balances it, with the critical packing parameter guiding the transition to cylindrical morphology. Adjusting molecular structure or milieu such as salt addition or aromatic counterion incorporation modulates curvature to favor elongation. Kinetically, these systems sustain dynamic equilibrium through scission, recombination, and exchange across timescales, governing stress relaxation and rheology. System formulations are categorized into cationic, anionic, zwitterionic, and nonionic types, employing strategies such as high-concentration long-chain surfactants, salt screening, hydrotrope synergism via cation-π interactions, and cosurfactant blending. Notably, ultra-long-chain surfactants（>C18）enable strong viscoelasticity at low concentrations, offering practical and theoretical advantages. Future work should prioritize quantitative insight through advanced characterization and simulation, establish predictive structure-property relationships, and develop stimuli-responsive WLMs for adaptive and sustainable technologies. Such advances will deepen colloidal science and accelerate next-generation soft material innovation. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

基础研究

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苦参碱-脂肪酸型低共熔溶剂的微观形成机制研究 A study on the microscopic mechanism for the formation of deep eutectic solvents based on matrine and fatty acids 郭婉黄, 叶志晟, 亓超灵, 周康夫, 王飞飞, 尚亚卓 2026 (2):  149-157.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.02.002 摘要 ( 733 )   HTML ( 16 )   PDF(22501KB) ( 215 )   低共熔溶剂（Deep eutectic solvent，DES）具有制备简单、绿色安全、溶解性能优异等特点，在金属加工、有机反应、分离萃取等领域具有重要应用价值。苦参碱（Matrine，Mat）和脂肪酸（Fatty acid，FA）因其丰富的生物活性而被广泛用于药物和化妆品领域。该研究结合实验与分子动力学模拟，构建了苦参碱-脂肪酸型DES，并在分子水平上系统研究了DES形成的微观机制。结果表明，DES中存在多种相互作用的竞争机制，包括Mat和FA之间的相互作用（Mat-FA），以及Mat（Mat-Mat）和FA（FA-FA）自缔合的相互作用。当Mat-FA相互作用占据主导时，体系中的苦参碱和脂肪酸分子均匀分布，形成熔点低于25 ℃的DES。值得注意的是，脂肪酸自缔合相互作用更弱时，苦参碱可以与更高浓度的脂肪酸形成DES。该研究在分子水平分析了苦参碱-脂肪酸DES的形成机制，为新型DES体系的开发与应用提供了理论支持。 Deep eutectic solvents（DESs）have great significance for application in the fields of metal processing, organic reactions, and extraction, due to their advantages in ease of preparation, eco-friendliness, safety, and excellent solubility. Matrine（Mat）and fatty acids（FAs）have been widely used in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics because of their biological activities. In this work, the DESs formed by Mat and FAs（Mat-FA DES）were obtained and the microscopic mechanism for formation of DES was systematically investigated at molecular level by experiments and molecular dynamics（MD）simulation. The results showed that there was competition between those interactions in such DESs, including the interaction between Mat and FA（Mat-FA）, the self-association of Mat（Mat-Mat）and the self-association of FA（FA-FA）. When the Mat-FA interaction dominated, the Mat and FA molecules would be uniformly distributed at molecular level and thus a stable DES was formed with a melting point below 25 ℃. It should be noted that, when the interaction of FA-FA was weaker in the system, the DES could be formed at higher FA concentration. The present work provided a theoretical support for understanding the formation of Mat-FA DES, which could extend the potential applications of DES systems. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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十六烷基邻二甲苯磺酸钠的乳化特性及油水界面微观作用 Emulsifying properties of an isomer of sodium cetyl-o-xylene sulfonate and its microscopic mechanism at oil-water interface 马小荣, 黄金, 徐研, 李锋, 高清河, 李翠勤 2026 (2):  158-168.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.02.003 摘要 ( 512 )   HTML ( 13 )   PDF(13471KB) ( 122 )   重烷基苯磺酸盐作为重要的驱油用表面活性剂，其乳化特性及在油/水界面的微观作用机制直接影响其驱油效率及采出液的油/水分离效果。文章采用多重光散射技术和分子动力学模拟分别研究了十六烷基邻二甲苯磺酸钠（C16S）的乳化特性及其在油/水界面的微观作用机理，并分析了C16S质量浓度、温度及NaCl质量浓度对油/水界面特性的影响。结果表明：C16S显著提高了水包油（O/W）型和油包水（W/O）型模拟乳状液的稳定性。C16S质量浓度从10 mg/L上升到60 mg/L，模拟乳状液的Turbiscan稳定性指数（TSI）和析水率（X）均降低，而油包水（W/O）型模拟乳状液的背散射光强平均值（BSavg）从24.02%增加到36.12%，水包油（O/W）型模拟乳状液的透射光强平均值（Tavg）由7.72%下降至1.52%。分子动力学（MD）模拟结果表明：随着C16S分子数量增加，径向分布函数峰值强度增强，界面厚度增大，界面能降低，界面膜的稳定性增大；温度升高导致C16S的径向分布函数峰强度略微下降，界面厚度和界面能均增加；NaCl分子数对界面厚度和界面能影响较小。 As an important type of surfactants for oil flooding, the emulsification properties of heavy alkylbenzene sulfonates and their microscopic action mechanism at oil-water interface significantly affect the efficiency of oil flooding and the oil-water separation in the produced liquid. In this work, the emulsification properties of an isomer of sodium cetyl-o-xylene sulfonate（C16S）and its microscopic action mechanism at oil-water interface were investigated, and the influences of surfactant concentration, temperature, and NaCl concentration on the oil-water interfacial properties were also examined. The results showed that C16S significantly improved the stability of O/W and W/O simulated emulsions. When the mass concentration of C16S was increased from 10 mg/L to 60 mg/L, the Turbiscan stability index（TSI）and water separation percent（X）of the simulated emulsion both decreased, while the average backscattering light intensity（BSavg）of the W/O emulsion increased from 24.02% to 36.12%, and the average transmitted light intensity（Tavg）of the O/W emulsion decreased from 7.72% to 1.52%. The results of molecular dynamics（MD）simulation showed that, when the number of C16S molecules increased, the peak strength of radial distribution function increased, the interface thickness increased, and the interface energy decreased, thus leading to the increase in the stability of interfacial film. Raising temperature resulted in a slight decrease in the peak strength of radial distribution function of C16S, and the increases in both interface thickness and interface energy. The effects of the number of NaCl molecules on interface thickness and interface energy were both relatively small. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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高温高盐油藏纳米SiO2稳定乳状液调驱体系构建与性能研究 Construction and performance evaluation of a profile-control and flooding system based on nano-SiO2 stabilized emulsion for high-temperature and high-salinity heavy oil reservoirs 史树彬 2026 (2):  169-175.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.02.004 摘要 ( 541 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF(4813KB) ( 145 )   针对高温高盐稠油油藏开发中乳状液调驱体系存在的热稳定性不足和流度控制能力弱等技术难题，该研究通过月桂酰胺丙基氧化胺（OA）对纳米SiO2颗粒进行表面改性，构建了耐温耐盐纳米颗粒稳定乳状液调驱体系。研究结果表明：在0.05% OA改性条件下，所构建的乳状液体系表现出卓越的环境适应性，在90 ℃高温及2×105 mg/L高矿化度环境中可保持30天以上的稳定状态；流变性能测试显示该体系具有显著的剪切变稀特性，黏度恢复率高达85.4%，动态流变分析证实纳米颗粒在水相中形成的三维网状结构是赋予体系弹性流体特性的关键因素。岩心驱替实验证实，该调驱体系对50×10-3~3 500×10-3 μm2渗透率范围的岩心均具有优异的封堵性能（阻力系数>80），特别在渗透率级差为4的非均质双管岩心实验中，采收率提升幅度达到30.2%，分流率改善效果超过40%，显著提高了油藏的波及系数和原油采收率。 To address the technical challenges of poor thermal stability and inadequate mobility control for using profile-control and flooding systems based on emulsions in high-temperature and high-salinity heavy oil reservoirs, in this work, a novel temperature-and salt-resistant nanoparticle-stabilized emulsion system was constructed for profile control and flooding, in which nano-SiO2 particles were modified by using lauramidopropylamine oxide（OA）. The experimental results showed that, when the modification was carried out at an OA content of 0.05%, the constructed emulsion system exhibited good environmental adaptability, maintaining stability for over 30 days under harsh conditions of 90 ℃ and of salinity of 2×105 mg/L. Rheological characterization showed that the system had obvious shear-thinning behavior with a viscosity recovery reaching 85.4%. Dynamic rheological analysis confirmed that the three-dimensional network structure formed by nanoparticles in aqueous phase was the key factor endowing the system with characteristics of elastic fluids. Core flooding experiments verified the excellent plugging performance of this system across a wide permeability range（50×10-3-3 500×10-3 μm2, with resistance factor > 80）. Particularly in heterogeneous parallel-core experiments with permeability contrast of 4, the oil recovery was increased by 30.2%, the fractional flow rate was improved by over 40%, and both sweep efficiency and ultimate oil recovery were significantly enhanced. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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O/W型水杨酸微乳的制备与质量评价 Preparation and evaluation of O/W microemulsions containing salicylic acid 赵洋, 王艳, 唐文杰, 任硕晗, 张桂红, 李疆改 2026 (2):  176-184.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.02.005 摘要 ( 195 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF(12630KB) ( 160 )   文章通过溶解度分析、伪三元相图优化及星点设计-响应面法，制备了水杨酸微乳，并对其进行了质量评价。采用肉豆蔻酸异丙酯作为油相，吐温80与聚乙二醇400（质量比为1∶1）作为混合表面活性剂体系，优化了微乳配方。实验结果表明，最佳配方为油相用量5%，表面活性剂混合物用量42.7%，最大载药量达到48.303 mg/g。制备的微乳为透明澄清的O/W型液体，粒径为（7.66 ± 0.31）nm，多分散系数为0.11 ± 0.04，具有良好的热稳定性和冻融稳定性。体外释放实验显示，水杨酸微乳在不同介质中均具有缓释效果，48 h累积释放率接近82%~96%，显著优于游离水杨酸。酪氨酸酶抑制实验表明，水杨酸微乳显著提升了酪氨酸酶抑制效果，含量达0.5%及以上时，抑制率超过95%。研究结果表明，优化后的微乳配方具有良好的载药能力、稳定性及缓释特性，能够有效提升水杨酸的药效，可作为潜在的药物递送载体，为水杨酸的临床应用提供新的技术支持。 The O/W microemulsions containing salicylic acid were prepared and evaluated. Isopropyl myristate was used as the oil phase and a mixture of Tween 80 and polyethylene glycol 400（1 : 1）was used as the mixed surfactants. The microemulsion formulation was optimized by solubility analysis, pseudo-ternary phase diagram construction, and central composite design-response surface methodology. The results showed that, the optimized formulation, consisting of 5% oil phase and 42.7% surfactant mixture, achieved a maximum drug-loading capacity of 48.303 mg/g. The microemulsion thus prepared was a transparent, clear O/W liquid with particle size of（7.66± 0.31）nm and polydispersity index of 0.11±0.04, demonstrating excellent thermal and freeze-thaw stabilities. In vitro release experiments showed that the microemulsion exhibited sustained release of salicylic acid in different media, with cumulative release rates approaching 82% to 96% over 48 hours, which was significantly higher than those of free salicylic acid. In addition, in vitro tyrosinase inhibition assays indicated that the microemulsion enhanced the bioavailability of salicylic acid, achieving inhibition rate of over 95% when the salicylic acid content was 0.5% or more. In conclusion, the optimized microemulsion formulation had superior drug-loading capacity, stability, and sustained-release characteristics, effectively improving the therapeutic efficacy of salicylic acid. This microemulsion system was proposed as a potential drug delivery carrier, which might offer new technical support for the clinical application of salicylic acid. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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过渡层在固体推进剂表面的铺展渗透情况及其组成优化 Spreading and penetration of liner on the surface of solid propellant and its composition optimization 李晓云, 王军威, 李欢婷, 张园力 2026 (2):  185-190.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.02.006 摘要 ( 118 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF(3483KB) ( 136 )   过渡层作为固体推进剂主体材料与包覆层之间的连接，其存在能明显提高固体推进剂与包覆层之间的粘接性。过渡层在固体推进剂表面的铺展、渗透和覆盖情况将直接关系推进剂的服役效率，提高过渡层在固体推进剂表面的铺展均匀性和渗透性有助于增强包覆层与推进剂表面的相互作用。该研究采用动态接触角法测定不同过渡层在固体推进剂表面的铺展渗透情况，通过不同推进剂表面能的计算及过渡层表面张力的测定，分析推进剂及过渡层组成与过渡层铺展渗透作用之间的关系，据此优化过渡层组成。结果表明：固体推进剂的表面能越大越利于过渡层在其表面的铺展，推进剂表面能为97.62 mJ/m2时，水和甘油在其表面的接触角都小于表面能为55.83 mJ/m2；过渡层组成对其表面张力影响很大，调控过渡层组成可使其表面张力从48.7 mN/m降至24.8 mN/m左右；可以通过推进剂表面改性及过渡层组成调控的方式来改善过渡层在推进剂表面的铺展渗透作用，进而改善推进剂与包覆层间的界面粘接强度。 The liner, which is a transition layer serving as a bridge between the main material of the solid propellant and the coating layer, can significantly enhance the bonding between the solid propellant and the coating, thereby ensuring the structural integrity and operational reliability of the solid propellant during storage and usage. Therefore, the spreading, penetration, and coverage of this transition layer on the surface of solid propellant directly affect the propellant’s service efficiency. So, the surface behavior of this transition layer on the propellant is worth studying. Improving the spreading uniformity of the transition layer on the propellant surface and ensuring adequate penetration can enhance its interaction with the propellant surface. In this work, the spreading and penetration of different transition layers on the surface of solid propellant were studied by dynamic contact angle measurement. The relationship between the composition of the transition layer and its spreading and penetration was analyzed by calculating the surface energy of different propellants and measuring the surface tension of transition layer. Accordingly, the composition of transition layer was optimized. The results showed that, the larger the surface energy of solid propellant, the better the spreading of transition layer on its surface. When the propellant exhibited a surface energy of 97.62 mJ/m2, both the instantaneous contact angles of water and glycerol on its surface were smaller than those observed at the surface energy of 55.83 mJ/m2. Furthermore, the composition of the transition layer had significant influence on its surface tension. By adjusting the composition, the surface tension of the transition layer could be reduced from 48.7 mN/m to approximately 24.8 mN/m. Therefore, the spreading and penetration of the transition layer on the propellant surface could be improved by modifying the propellant surface and regulating the composition of the transition layer, which would improve the interfacial bonding strength between the propellant and the cladding. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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氧空位TiO2/Sn3O4复合材料协同增强可见光催化降解甲基橙 Synergistic enhancement of visible-light photocatalytic methyl orange degradation via oxygen vacancy TiO2/Sn3O4 composites 贾彩玲, 张占庭, 闫富伟, 刘福跃, 伍燕妮, 王芬, 谢海娇 2026 (2):  191-200.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.02.007 摘要 ( 141 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF(12549KB) ( 122 )   工业化的快速发展显著加剧了水污染问题，例如甲基橙（MO）等持续性污染物。传统的修复技术，包括吸附和生物降解，常受限于效率低下和存在二次污染风险。光催化技术作为一种有前景的可持续替代方案应运而生；然而，基准材料二氧化钛（TiO2）存在固有的局限性，尤其是其宽带隙能量（≥3.4 eV）将活性限制在紫外光区，以及光生载流子的快速复合。为克服这些限制，该研究通过溶剂热法合成了新型的TiO2/Sn3O4异质结复合光催化剂。综合表征技术证实了复合物的成功形成，揭示了超薄Sn3O4纳米片均匀地包覆在TiO2纳米球上。这种独特的结构有效降低了整体结晶度并引入了有益的氧空位。在可见光照射下（λ≥420 nm），优化后的TiO2/Sn3O4复合材料展现出卓越的光催化性能，在短短60 min内即可实现96%的MO降解率。计算所得的表观动力学速率常数（0.103 min-1）显著高于纯TiO2，是其5.15倍。电子自旋共振（ESR）实验确定羟基自由基（·OH）是驱动降解的主要活性物种。此外，循环降解测试证明了材料优异的稳定性，复合材料在连续四次重复使用后仍能保持其初始效率的85%。该研究强调了TiO2/Sn3O4异质结内部的协同效应，该效应显著增强了可见光吸收、电荷分离和光催化活性，为设计用于先进环境修复应用的高效、稳定催化剂提供见解。 The escalating pace of industrialization has significantly intensified water pollution challenges, for instance, the persistent organic pollutants like methyl orange（MO）. Conventional remediation techniques, such as adsorption and biological degradation, are often hampered by low efficiency and the risk of secondary pollution. Photocatalysis emerges as a promising sustainable alternative; however, the benchmark material titanium dioxide（TiO2）suffers from its intrinsic limitations, notably its wide bandgap energy（≥3.4 eV）restricting its activity to the region of the ultraviolet light and its rapid recombination of photogenerated charge carriers. To overcome these constraints, this research focused on synthesizing novel TiO2/Sn3O4 heterojunction composite photocatalysts via a solvothermal approach. Comprehensive characterization techniques confirmed the successful formation of the composite, which revealed that ultrathin Sn3O4 nanosheets uniformly coated TiO2 nanospheres. This unique architecture effectively reduced the overall crystallinity and introduced the beneficial oxygen vacancies. Under visible-light irradiation（λ≥420 nm）, the optimized TiO2/Sn3O4 composite exhibited the exceptional photocatalytic performance, which achieved 96% degradation of MO within just 60 minutes. The calculated apparent kinetic rate constant（0.103 min-1）was remarkably（5.15 times）higher than that of pristine TiO2. ESR experiments identified that hydroxyl radicals（·OH）was the predominant active species driving the degradation. Furthermore, cyclic degradation tests demonstrated its excellent material stability, with the composite retaining 85% of its initial efficiency after four consecutive reuse cycles. This work underscored the synergistic effects within the TiO2/Sn3O4 heterojunction, which significantly enhanced the visible-light absorption, charge separation, and photocatalytic activity, which provided the valuable insights for designing efficient, stable catalysts for the advanced environmental remediation applications. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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甜菜碱型表面活性剂纳米乳液的构建及性能评价 Preparation and performance evaluation of the nanoemulsions stabilized with betaine surfactants 张春生, 刘长龙, 陈斌, 李彦阅, 孟繁涛, 赵鹏 2026 (2):  201-207.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.02.008 摘要 ( 157 )   HTML ( 18 )   PDF(10355KB) ( 128 )   针对油藏注水开发过程中易出现注水压力高与注水效率低的问题，开发了三种纳米乳液降压增注体系，并评价了其稳定性、粒径形貌、界面张力、润湿性、剥离能力和降压增注性能。室内评价结果表明，三种纳米乳液体系（包括S-S12、S-S16和S-C16）均表现出良好的稳定性和纳米级粒径（均小于350 nm），低油水界面张力。其中，质量分数0.1%的S-S16纳米乳液与原油的界面张力达到超低数量级，可使岩心表面润湿性由亲油性转变为弱亲水性，且原油剥离效果最佳，碳元素含量降低了48%。此外，天然岩心水驱后注入S-S16纳米乳液体系，驱替压力大幅降低78.70%，实现了高效的降压增注性能。 To solve the problems of high injection pressure and low injection efficiency during the process of water flooding, three nanoemulsion systems（S-S12, S-S16, and S-C16）for pressure reduction and injection stimulation were developed. Their stability, particle size morphology, interfacial tension, wetting ability, stripping ability, and performance of reducing pressure and increasing injection were evaluated. Laboratory evaluation results showed that all the three nanoemulsion systems had good stability, nano-sized droplets（all less than 350 nm）, and low oil-water interfacial tension. Among them, the interfacial tension between 0.1% S-S16 nanoemulsion and crude oil reached an ultra-low level, which changed the wettability of the core surface from lipophilic to weakly hydrophilic. It was also the best one for stripping crude oil, leading to a 48% reduction in carbon content. In addition, the injection of S-S16 nanoemulsion system after water flooding in natural cores could lead to a 78.70% reduction in the replacement pressure, which achieved efficient performance in pressure reduction and injection stimulation. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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人面部皮肤可培养细菌的物种多样性及化妆品防腐剂的影响研究 Study on the species diversity of culturable bacteria in human facial skin and the influence of cosmetic preservatives 王丹羽, 王学硕, 骆海朋, 李景云, 崔生辉, 路勇 2026 (2):  208-216.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.02.009 摘要 ( 173 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF(5811KB) ( 160 )   为探究健康人群面部皮肤可培养细菌的物种多样性，并分析化妆品防腐剂对微生态平衡的潜在影响，该研究运用培养组学技术对56名健康志愿者的130份面部皮肤微生物样本进行分离培养，同时结合MALDI-TOF MS、16S rRNA测序及全基因组测序等高通量技术进行菌种鉴定，并将鉴定结果与志愿者相关信息开展数据分析。共成功培养435株细菌，分属于4门41属88种，其中厚壁菌门为优势门（71.03%），葡萄球菌属为优势菌属（59.54%），表皮葡萄球菌为优势种（占菌株总数的50.80%）。分析结果显示，老年人及非化妆品使用者面部可培养细菌的物种多样性较高。化妆品中的季铵盐类防腐剂（十六烷基三甲基溴化铵）、尼泊金酯类防腐剂（4-羟基苯甲酸乙酯）和甲醛释放体类防腐剂（咪唑烷基脲）对面部可培养细菌表现出显著的抑制作用。人体面部皮肤蕴藏着丰富的微生物资源，其群落结构受宿主性别、年龄及化妆品暴露程度影响。培养组学不仅能扩充人源原核生物物种资源，还可与宏基因组学研究相互佐证、相互补充，推动皮肤微生物学的发展。 This study aims to investigate the species diversity of culturable bacteria in the facial skin of healthy people, and to explore the potential effects of cosmetic preservatives on microecological balance. A total of 130 skin samples from 3 facial regions of 56 healthy volunteers were isolated and cultured by culturomics technology, and the strains were identified by high-throughput technologies such as MALDI-TOF MS, 16S rRNA sequencing, and whole genome sequencing. The identification results were combined with the information of the volunteers for data analysis. Four hundred and thirty-five strains of bacteria（4 phyla, 41 genera and 88 species）are successfully cultured. The dominant phylum is Firmicutes（71.03%）, the dominant genus is Staphylococcus （59.54%）, and the dominant species is Staphylococcus epidermidis （50.80% of the total strains）. The diversity of microbiota increases in the elderly and non-cosmetic users. The quaternary ammonium salt preservative（cetyltrimethylammonium bromide）, paraben preservative（ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate）and formaldehyde releaser-based preservative（imidazolidinyl urea）in cosmetics show significant inhibitory effects on facial cultivable bacteria. Human facial skin is rich in microbial resources, and the differences in host gender, age and cosmetic exposure influence the structure of microbial communities. Culturomics can not only expand the resources of human prokaryotic species, but also support and complement sequencing-based metagenomics research to promote the development of skin microbiology. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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基于AHP-EWM联合赋权优化补骨脂酚脂质体的制备及其延缓皮肤衰老作用 Based on the AHP-EWM combined weighting optimization: preparation of bakuchiol liposomes and its effect on delaying skin aging 万鹏鹤, 吕宁, 毛明慧, 于海英, 薛超越, 李启艳 2026 (2):  217-225.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.02.010 摘要 ( 189 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF(8261KB) ( 160 )   以包封率、粒径、Zeta电位及多分散系数（PDI）为评价指标，采用层次分析法（AHP）联合熵权法（EWM）对各项指标进行科学赋权，运用响应面试验设计优化脂质体制备工艺，并利用透射电子显微镜（TEM）等技术对脂质体形态进行表征。经实验验证，较佳脂质体制备工艺条件为：水化时间45 min、卵磷脂与补骨脂酚质量比8∶1、水化温度45 ℃、卵磷脂与胆固醇质量比4∶1。在此条件下制备的脂质体粒径为（177.52 ± 5.22）nm，多分散指数（PDI）为0.36 ± 0.05，Zeta电位为（-45.60 ± 3.68）mV，表明脂质体粒径分布均匀、稳定性良好且具有适宜的表面电荷。基于UVA照射人皮肤成纤维细胞（HSF）构建光老化细胞模型，通过CCK-8试验评估细胞活性，利用活性氧（ROS）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）检测分析光老化损伤及药物干预效果。研究发现，UVA辐射剂量为5 J/cm2时可有效诱导细胞光老化，而补骨脂酚脂质体（Bak-lip）在0~10 μg/mL质量浓度范围内对细胞无明显毒性，且能显著降低光老化细胞内ROS水平，增强SOD和CAT活性，其中以5 μg/mL Bak-lip效果最为显著（p<0.05）。相较于游离补骨脂酚，Bak-lip通过将补骨脂酚包封于脂质体囊泡结构中，由于脂质体的双分子层结构能够有效包裹补骨脂酚，从而改善其水溶性；同时，脂质体的保护作用减少了补骨脂酚在外界环境因素影响下的活性损失，使其抗氧化功能得以更稳定地发挥。 In this study, we evaluated encapsulation efficiency, particle size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index（PDI）as key indicators. We combined the Analytic Hierarchy Process（AHP）with the Entropy Weight Method（EWM）to assign scientific weights to these indicators. Based on response surface methodology, we optimized the liposome preparation process and characterized the liposome morphology using transmission electron microscopy（TEM）and other techniques. Experimental verification identified the optimal liposome preparation conditions: a hydration time of 45 minutes, a lecithin-to-bavachin mass ratio of 8∶1, a hydration temperature of 45 ℃, and a lecithin-to-cholesterol mass ratio of 4∶1. Under these conditions, the liposome particle size is（177.52±5.22）nm, the PDI is 0.36±0.05, and the Zeta potential is（-45.60±3.68）mV, indicating uniform particle size distribution, good stability, and appropriate surface charge. We used UVA-irradiated human skin fibroblasts（HSF）to establish a photoaging cell model and evaluated cell viability through CCK-8 testing. We also analyzed photoaging damage and drug intervention effects by detecting reactive oxygen species（ROS）, superoxide dismutase（SOD）, and catalase（CAT）. Results show that a UVA radiation dose of 5 J/cm2 effectively induces cellular photoaging. Bakuchiol liposomes（Bak-lip）exhibit no significant toxicity at the concentrations of 0 - 10 μg/mL and significantly reduce intracellular ROS levels in photoaged cells while enhancing SOD and CAT activities, with the most significant effects at 5 μg/mL（p<0.05）. Compared to free bakuchiol, Bak-lip improves the water solubility of bakuchiol due to its bilayer liposome structure. This structure effectively encapsulates the hydrophobic bakuchiol and protects it from activity loss caused by environmental factors, enabling more stable antioxidant function. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

开发与应用

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农用薄膜专用低泡清洗剂的制备与性能研究 Preparation and performance study of a special low-foaming cleaning surfactant for agricultural film 吴若辰, 许振邦, 潘成军, 王雷 2026 (2):  226-235.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.02.011 摘要 ( 160 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF(21604KB) ( 129 )   针对农用薄膜回收过程中清洗环节缺乏专用低泡清洗剂的问题，该研究通过雾度法评价清洁度，筛选并复配了一种由脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠（AES）与非离子表面活性剂（C8-10，C10，1003，1006）组成的环保型低泡清洗剂。实验表明，1 g/L AES + 1.5 g/L 1003 + 1.5 g/L 1006的三元复配方案在1 h清洗时间内可显著降低薄膜雾度值（从40以上降至12.27），且5 min后泡沫持续高度接近0 mm，满足节水、低泡与高效清洗需求。SEM及XRF等多种表征手段证实清洗后薄膜表面污渍残留显著减少，主要残留氧化物（SiO2，CaO，Al2O3）的整体清洗率达97%以上。该研究为农用薄膜回收提供了绿色高效的清洗解决方案，对缓解“白色污染”具有重要实践价值。 To address the lack of specialized low-foaming cleaning agents in the recycling process of agricultural films, this study evaluated cleaning efficiency using haze measurement and developed an environmentally friendly low-foaming cleaning agent by selecting and formulating a compound system composed of sodium fatty alcohol ether sulfate（AES）and nonionic surfactants（C8-10, C10, 1003, 1006）. Experimental results demonstrate that the ternary compound formula（1 g/L AES+1.5 g/L 1003+1.5 g/L 1006）significantly reduces the haze value of the film（from over 40 to 12.27）within a 1 h cleaning period, while achieving a near-zero foam persistence height（approximately 0 mm）after 5 mins, meeting the requirements for water-saving, low-foaming, and high-efficiency cleaning. SEM, XRF and other characterization methods confirm that the residual stain on the surface of the film was significantly reduced after cleaning, and the overall cleaning rate of the main residual oxides（SiO2, CaO, Al2O3）is more than 97%. This study provides a green and efficient cleaning solution for agricultural film recycling, which has important practical value for alleviating “white pollution”. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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东阿阿胶对小鼠皮肤屏障损伤的修复作用研究 Study on the repairing effect of Dong’ e Ejiao on skin barrier injury in mice 高欣雨, 孙娅楠, 李俐霜, 金玉翠, 马淑骅, 王毅 2026 (2):  236-244.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.02.012 摘要 ( 158 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF(25864KB) ( 155 )   为研究东阿阿胶对小鼠皮肤屏障损伤的修复作用。采用胶带剥离法构建小鼠皮肤屏障损伤模型，并使用阿胶对小鼠进行灌胃给药。造模后，每天检测小鼠受损皮肤处的经皮失水量（Transepidermal water loss，TEWL）。并于造模第4天和第7天后，通过光学活体成像观察皮肤屏障损伤的修复效果。通过RT-qPCT检测丝聚蛋白（Filaggrin，FLG）、内披蛋白（Involucrin，IVL）、紧密连接蛋白闭锁小带蛋白1（Zonula occludens-1，ZO-1）与炎症因子白介素-1α（Interleukin-1α，IL-1α）、白介素-1β（Interleukin-1β，IL-1β）等的mRNA水平。通过免疫组化检测皮肤屏障相关蛋白的蛋白含量，免疫荧光检测胸腺基质淋巴生成素（Thymic stromal lymphopoietin，TSLP）的表达。结果显示，东阿阿胶显著降低胶带剥离小鼠的经皮失水量，降低皮肤厚度并改善表皮结构紊乱，上调FLG，IVL和ZO-1的mRNA相对表达量与蛋白表达，抑制TSLP的蛋白表达与炎症因子的mRNA相对表达量。结果表明，东阿阿胶通过调控屏障蛋白与炎症因子的表达实现皮肤屏障修复，为其在皮肤健康领域的应用提供理论依据。 The effect of Dong’e Ejiao on repairing mechanical skin barrier injury in mice was investigated. A mouse skin barrier injury model was established using the tape-stripping method. Transepidermal water loss（TEWL）at the damaged skin site was measured after model establishment. The repair effect of donkey-hide gelatin on skin barrier damage was observed through the C-Cube multi-functional skin imaging instrument. Optical coherence tomography（OCT）imaging and HE staining were used to observe the effect of donkey-hide gelatin on the thickness of injured skin. The mRNA levels of filaggrin（FLG）, involucrin（IVL）, tight junction protein zonula occludens-1（ZO-1）, and inflammatory factors interleukin-1α（IL-1α）and interleukin-1β（IL-1β）were detected by RT-qPCR. The protein levels of skin barrier-related proteins were examined by immunohistochemistry（IHC）, and its regulatory effect on thymic stromal lymphopoietin（TSLP）was verified by immunofluorescence（IF）. The results show that Dong’e Ejiao significantly reduces TEWL in tape-stripped mice, decreases skin thickness, improves disordered epidermal structure, up-regulates the expression of FLG, IVL, and ZO-1, and suppresses the expression of TSLP and down-regulates the mRNA levels of inflammatory factors including IL-1α and IL-1β. These results indicate that Dong’e Ejiao repairs the skin barrier by modulating the expression of barrier proteins and inflammatory factors. This demonstrates its potential for application in the field of skin health and provides a theoretical basis for such use. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

专论与综述

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防晒剂4-甲基苄亚基樟脑的安全评价及其监管情况 Study on the safety evaluation and regulatory status of 4-methylbenzylidene camphor sunscreen agent 塔娜, 朵慧, 张凤兰, 余振喜, 李波, 苏哲 2026 (2):  245-251.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.02.013 摘要 ( 175 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF(1202KB) ( 156 )   文章旨在系统梳理4-甲基苄亚基樟脑的相关研究数据，对该成分作为化妆品防晒剂的安全性进行全面评估，为其在我国的使用和监管提供科学依据。通过文献调研，从理化特性、市场应用情况、人体吸收代谢机制以及安全性等多个维度对该物质展开研究。同时，回顾欧盟消费者安全科学委员会近二十年的评估历程与态度，对欧盟、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、日本、东盟等国家（地区）的监管现状进行总结分析。经研究发现，体内实验数据表明4-甲基苄亚基樟脑对甲状腺系统可能存在一定影响，且有相关证据显示其具有潜在的内分泌干扰特性。尽管4-甲基苄亚基樟脑在国内化妆品市场中的使用频率呈现下降趋势，但相较于欧盟市场，其使用仍较为广泛，存在一定安全风险。因此，建议监管部门对该成分的安全性进行重新评估，并在此基础上为其制定科学合理的使用限量，保障公众用妆安全。 This study aims to systematically review the relevant research data of 4-methylbenzylidene camphor, comprehensively evaluate its safety as a cosmetic sunscreen, and provide a scientific basis for the use and regulation of this ingredient in China. Through literature research, this substance was studied from multiple dimensions including physical and chemical properties, market applications, human absorption and metabolism mechanisms, and safety. At the same time, by reviewing the evaluation process and attitude of the European Union Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety over the past two decades, a summary and analysis of the regulatory status of countries（regions）such as the European Union, the United States, Canada, Australia, Japan and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations were conducted. Through research, it has been found that in vivo experimental data indicate that 4-methylbenzylidene camphor may have certain effects on the thyroid system, and there is evidence to suggest that it has potential endocrine-disrupting properties. Although the frequency of use of 4-methylbenzylidene camphor in the domestic cosmetics market has shown a downward trend, its use is still relatively widespread compared to the EU market, and there are certain safety risks. Therefore it is recommended that regulatory authorities reevaluate the safety of this ingredient and develop scientifically reasonable usage limits based on this to ensure public safety in cosmetics. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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从细胞自清洁到皮肤健康化：自噬在化妆品中的机制与应用 From cellular self-cleaning to skin health: Mechanisms and applications of autophagy in cosmetics 张文荣, 唐莉凤, 贾焱 2026 (2):  252-259.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.02.014 摘要 ( 609 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF(1739KB) ( 175 )   自噬是细胞清除受损组分的核心机制，近年在皮肤健康与化妆品研发领域备受关注。本文综述自噬在角质形成细胞、黑色素细胞、成纤维细胞及皮脂腺细胞中的特异性调控网络，揭示其在屏障修护、美白、抗衰及控油中的关键作用，解析其通过清除氧化损伤、降解黑色素体、调控脂质代谢维持细胞稳态的潜在机制；同时总结烟酰胺、白藜芦醇、传明酸等化妆品成分靶向自噬通路的作用证据，探讨自噬检测技术标准化等应用挑战。未来需聚焦自噬调控的剂量效应与个体差异，强化机制验证与临床转化，为化妆品从“表层护理”向“细胞级修复” 升级提供核心理论支撑。 Autophagy, a core cellular mechanism for clearing damaged components, has emerged as a focal topic in skin health and cosmetic development in recent years. This review outlines the cell-type-specific regulatory networks of autophagy in keratinocytes, melanocytes, fibroblasts, and sebocytes, highlighting its pivotal roles in epidermal barrier repair, skin lightening, anti-aging, and sebum regulation. We further elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which autophagy sustains cellular homeostasis: scavenging oxidative damage, degrading melanosomes, and modulating lipid metabolism. Additionally, we summarize the evidence supporting autophagy-targeting effects of cosmetic ingredients（e.g., niacinamide, resveratrol, tranexamic acid）and address key application challenges, particularly the standardization of autophagy detection assays. Future studies should prioritize investigating the dose-response effects and interindividual variability of autophagy modulation, alongside mechanism validation and clinical translation, to provide foundational theoretical support for advancing cosmetics from “superficial care” to “cellular-level repair”. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

分析与检测

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基于UPLC-Q-TOF-MS与HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS对化妆品中23种局部麻醉药进行筛查与测定 Screening and determination of 23 local anesthetics in cosmetics using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS 杨若彤, 吴方园, 徐廣谦, 郭桂文, 王海燕, 贾凌云 2026 (2):  260-270.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.02.015 摘要 ( 145 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF(5292KB) ( 123 )   实验室建立了一种高效的反相超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS）定性方法，用于筛查化妆品中超过2 000种风险物质（包括局部麻醉药，LAs），该方法已成功应用于实际样品分析。该研究旨在开发一种更简便的高效液相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱（HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS）方法，用于LAs的定量测定。样品经甲醇超声提取后，采用安捷伦Poroshell 120 EC-C18色谱柱（2.1 mm × 100 mm，2.7 μm）进行分离，以0.1%甲酸水溶液和甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱，采用外标法进行定量分析。结果表明，23种LAs在12 min内实现有效分离，在对应浓度范围内线性关系良好，相关系数均大于0.99；检出限为0.002 5~0.05 μg/g，定量限为0.01~0.1 μg/g；在5种空白化妆品基质中，23种LAs的平均回收率为80.68%~117.57%，相对标准偏差均小于5.98%。该方法精密度良好、准确度高，适用于5种化妆品基质中LAs的测定。 The laboratory established an efficient reversed-phase ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS）qualitative method for screening more than 2 000 kinds of risk substances（including local anesthetics, LAs）in cosmetics, which has been successfully applied in the analysis of actual samples. This work aims to develop a more convenient high performance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry（HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS）method for the quantitative determination of LAs. Samples were ultrasonically extracted with methanol, separated on an Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C18 column（2.1 mm × 100 mm, 2.7 μm）, and eluted with a gradient mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution and methanol. Quantification was performed using the external standard method. The results show that all 23 LAs are effectively separated within 12 minutes, with good linearity in the corresponding concentration ranges and the correlation coefficients all greater than 0.99. The limits of detection（LOD）range from 0.002 5 to 0.05 μg/g, and the limits of quantification（LOQ）range from 0.01 to 0.1 μg/g. The average recoveries of the 23 LAs in 5 blank cosmetic matrices are 80.68%-117.57%, with the relative standard deviations（RSDs）less than 5.98%. This method has good precision and high accuracy, and is suitable for the determination of LAs in 5 cosmetic matrices. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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响应面优化固相萃取法测定化妆品中大麻素类化合物 Determination of cannabinoids in cosmetics by solid phase extraction with response surface methodology 王玉梅, 刘真, 刘其南, 姜星, 黄浩伦, 孙小杰 2026 (2):  271-276.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.02.016 摘要 ( 134 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF(8518KB) ( 138 )   建立了固相萃取结合高效液相色谱串联质谱（HPLC-MS/MS）测定化妆品中8种大麻素类化合物的分析方法。样品经乙腈超声提取后过EMR-Lipid固相萃取小柱净化，采用Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18色谱柱分离，乙腈-10 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液（含0.1%甲酸）流动相体系梯度洗脱，电喷雾离子源多反应监测模式进行检测。利用单因素和响应面优化得到最佳提取条件：乙腈体积为10 mL，超声时间为20 min，氯化钠加入质量为1 g。在该条件下，于低、中、高三水平添加质量浓度下，测得8种物质的平均回收率为85.1%~98.5%，相对标准偏差小于8.5%。各物质线性关系良好，相关系数R2均大于0.99；检出限为0.5~2.5 ng/g，定量限为1~5 ng/g。该方法定量准确，适用于化妆品中大麻素类化合物的定量检测。 A new method was established for the determination of 8 cannabinoids in cosmetics by solid phase extraction（SPE）using high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry（HPLC-MS/MS）. The cosmetic samples were extracted with acetonitrile and ultrasonic extraction, then sodium chloride was added. After being vortexed and centrifuged, the liquid supernatant was purified with EMR-Lipid SPE. This SPE column could selectively remove large molecular substances such as lipids from cosmetic matrices, which has excellent purification effects. Then 8 cannabinoids were separated on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column by gradient elution using acetonitrile and 10 mmol/L ammonium acetate aqueous solution containing 0.1% formic acid as mobile phases. The data were collected by electrospray ionization source and multiple reaction monitoring mode. Optimization was conducted using a three-factor and three-level response surface method for the best conditions of determination. The optimum determination conditions are acetonitrile volume: 10 mL; ultrasonic time: 20 min; sodium chloride mass: 1 g. Under this combination of conditions, the average recoveries are between 85.1% and 98.5% at three spiked levels, and the relative deviations are less than 8.5%. There are good linear relationships for 8 cannabinoids. The linear relationships（R2）are above 0.99. The limits of detection（LOD）range from 0.5 to 2.5 ng/g, and the limits of quantification（LOQ）range from 1 to 5 ng/g. The method is accurate and suitable for the determination of 8 cannabinoids in cosmetics. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标