表面活性剂类农药助剂在农药中的应用研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2025.02.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

综述了表面活性剂类农药助剂在农药领域的应用。首先介绍了农药助剂的概念，重点分析了表面活性剂类农药助剂的种类及其与农药的相互作用。接着深入讨论了其在农药制剂（包括乳油、水乳剂、可湿性粉剂和悬浮剂等）加工中的作用，如增溶、乳化、分散和润湿等。同时探讨了在农药使用过程（二次分散、雾化、沉积和吸收传导过程）中表面活性剂类农药助剂发挥的作用。此外，还介绍了表面活性剂类农药助剂的安全性评价和管理要求，强调了表面活性剂在农药领域的发展方向。通过对相关研究的综合分析，为农药制剂的优化和表面活性剂在农药领域的应用提供科学依据和参考。

关键词: 表面活性剂, 农药助剂, 农药制剂, 润湿, 农药利用率

Abstract:

The application of surfactants as pesticide adjuvants in the field of pesticides was reviewed. Firstly, the concept of pesticide adjuvants was introduced, focusing on the types of surfactant pesticide adjuvants and their interactions with pesticides. Then, the roles of surfactants in pesticide formulation processing （including emulsifiable concentrate, emulsion in water, wettable powder and suspension concentrate, etc）, such as solubilization, emulsification, dispersion, and wetting were discussed. In addition, the roles of surfactants as pesticide adjuvants in the process of pesticide application （secondary dispersion, atomization, deposition, and absorption and conduction） were discussed. The safety evaluation and management requirements of surfactant pesticide adjuvants were also introduced. Finally, the development direction of surfactants in the field of pesticides was emphasized. Through the comprehensive analysis of relevant studies, the scientific basis and reference for optimization of pesticide formulations and application of surfactants in the field of pesticides were provided.

Key words: surfactant, pesticide adjuvant, pesticide formulation, wetting, pesticide utilization

中图分类号:

TQ423

雷津美,张莉,杜凤沛. 表面活性剂类农药助剂在农药中的应用研究进展[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2025, 55(2): 131-141.

Jinmei Lei,Li Zhang,Fengpei Du. Research progress in the application of surfactants as pesticide adjuvants[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2025, 55(2): 131-141.

图/表 6

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

参考文献 48

[1]	潘兴鲁, 董丰收, 刘新刚, 等. 中国农药七十年发展与应用回顾[J]. 现代农药, 2020, 19(1): 1-5.
[2]	马悦, 张晨辉, 杜凤沛. 农药制剂发展趋势及前沿技术概况[J]. 现代农药, 2022, 21(1): 1-8.
[3]	周雅文, 贾美娟, 刘金, 等. 表面活性剂的性能与应用(Ⅹ)——表面活性剂在农药中的应用[J]. 日用化学工业, 2015, 45(11): 606-610.
[4]	张宗俭. 农药助剂的应用与研究进展[J]. 农药科学与管理, 2009, 30(1): 42-47.
[5]	姜虹, 闫凤超, 于文清. 微生物农药助剂研究进展[J]. 现代化农业, 2020, 1: 2-5.
[6]	Bao Z, Wu Y, Song R, et al. The simple strategy to improve pesticide bioavailability and minimize environmental risk by effective and ecofriendly surfactants[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2022, 851: 158169.
[7]	Ma Y, Gao Y X, Zhao K F, et al. Simple, effective, and ecofriendly strategy to inhibit droplet bouncing on hydrophobic weed leaves[J]. ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 2020, 12(44): 50126-50134.
[8]	Zhao X, Zhu Y Q, Zhang C H, et al. Positive charge pesticide nanoemulsions prepared by the phase inversion composition method with ionic liquids[J]. RSC Advances, 2017 (7): 48586-48596.
[9]	惠蒙蒙, 杨许召, 徐清杰, 等. 表面活性剂在现代农业技术领域中的应用[J]. 日用化学品科学, 2017, 40(7): 48-52.
[10]	张小军. 我国农药表面活性剂发展概况及应用新进展[J]. 精细与专用化学品, 2015, 23(6): 5-13.
[11]	黄金友. 中国农药剂型及表面活性剂的发展趋势[J]. 精细化工中间体, 2003, 33(1): 11-13.
[12]	鲍艳, 郭佳佳, 李晓璐, 等. 双子型有机硅表面活性剂的研究进展[J]. 日用化学工业, 2016, 46(5): 296-301.
[13]	Lei J M, Gao Y X, Hou X, et al. A simple and effective strategy to enhance the stability and solid-liquid interfacial interaction of an emulsion by the interfacial dilational rheological properties[J]. Soft Matter, 2020, 16: 5650-5658. doi: 10.1039/d0sm00638f pmid: 32514509
[14]	张航航, 陈慧萍, 曹冲, 等. 农药纳米乳剂研究进展[J]. 农药学学报, 2022, 24(6): 1340-1357.
[15]	Lei J M, Gao Y X, Ma Y, et al. Improving the emulsion stability by regulation of dilational rheology properties[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A, 2019, 583: 123906.
[16]	雷津美, 张莉, 杜凤沛. 科技推动下的农药剂型加工与发展[J]. 现代农药, 2024, 23(5): 7-15.
[17]	王楠, 张桂菊, 赵莉, 等. 表面活性剂的性能与应用(Ⅻ)——表面活性剂的分散作用及其应用[J]. 日用化学工业, 2014, 44(12): 666-670.
[18]	庄占兴, 路福绥, 刘月, 等. 表面活性剂在农药中的应用研究进展[J]. 农药, 2008, 47(7): 469-475.
[19]	李遵峰, 张宗俭, 张小军, 等. 表面活性剂在农药水分散粒剂开发中的应用[J]. 日用化学工业, 2009, 39(1): 50-54.
[20]	Lu Z L, Zhang C H, Gao Y X, et al. Simple, effective, and energy-efficient strategy to construct a stable pesticide nanodispersion[J]. ACS Agricultural Science and Technology, 2021, 1(4): 329-337.
[21]	刘雪美, 刘兴华, 崔慧媛, 等. 作物冠层雾滴沉积研究进展与展望[J]. 农业机械学报, 2021, 52(11): 1-20.
[22]	李子璐, 张晨辉, 郭勇飞, 等. 喷雾助剂对茎叶处理除草剂的增效机制及应用研究进展[J]. 农药学学报, 2021, 23(2): 245-258.
[23]	赵峻逸, 薛士东, 宋小沫, 等. 农药药液物理性质对雾滴空间运行规律的影响模拟研究[J]. 农药学学报, 2020, 22(2): 306-314.
[24]	陈青, 仓业峥, 张健, 等. 农药液滴在植物枝叶表面润湿特性研究进展[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2020, 41(10): 35-40. doi: 10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2020.10.006
[25]	Lei J M, Gao Y X, Zhao X, et al. The dilational rheology and splashing behavior of ionic liquid-type imidazolium Gemini surfactant solutions: Impact of alkyl chain length[J]. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2019, 283: 725-735.
[26]	韩富, 刘志妍, 周雅文, 等. 特种表面活性剂和功能性表面活性剂(Ⅳ)——有机硅表面活性剂的应用[J]. 日用化学工业, 2009, 39(3): 200-206.
[27]	Wu Y L, Bao Z P, Zhang S H, et al. Salinity-driven interface self-assembly of a biological amphiphilic emulsifier to form stable Janus core-shell emulsion for enhancing agrichemical delivery[J]. ACS Nano, 2024, 18: 9486-9499.
[28]	Zhao K F, Xu G C, Wang L, et al. Using a dynamic hydrophilization strategy to achieve nanodispersion full wetting and precise delivery[J]. ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 2023, 15: 37093-37106.
[29]	Liu B, Fan Y X, Li H F, et al. Control the entire journey of pesticide application on superhydrophobic plant surface by dynamic covalent trimeric surfactant coacervation[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2020: 2006606.
[30]	张晨辉, 马悦, 杜凤沛. 表面活性剂调控农药药液对靶润湿沉积研究进展[J]. 农药学学报, 2019, 21(5/6): 883-894.
[31]	Li Z, Ma Y, Zhao K, et al. Regulating droplet impact and wetting behaviors on hydrophobic weed leaves by a double-chain cationic surfactant[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2021 (9): 2891-2901.
[32]	Li Z, Zhao K, Wang Y, et al. Droplet splash and spread on superhydrophobic lotus leaves: Direct regulation by tuning the chain length of surfactant[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2022, 648: 129178.
[33]	张继伟, 闫峻, 仲晓萍, 等. 农药安全性评价对我国助剂的发展影响[J]. 现代农药, 2014, 13(5): 12-15.
[34]	Song R D, Wu Y L, Bao Z P, et al. Machine learning to predict the interfacial behavior of pesticide droplets on hydrophobic surfaces for minimizing environmental risk[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, 2022, 10: 14034-14044.
[35]	孙学启. 表面活性剂在土壤污染治理中的应用[J]. 山东国土资源, 2021, 37(8): 44-51.
[36]	Bao Z P, Wu Y L, Liu R, et al. Molecular selection and environmental evaluation of eco-friendly surfactants to efficiently reduce pesticide pollution[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2023, 416: 137954.
[37]	于洋, 张楠, 朱赫, 等. 农药助剂烷基酚及其醚的限用或禁用[J]. 农药科学与管理, 2016, 37(7): 10-14.
[38]	刘迎, 魏方林, 王阳阳, 等. 烷基糖苷和单烷基磷酸酯钾盐在3%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐微乳剂中的应用及其环境安全性[J]. 农药学学报, 2012, 14(1): 74-82.
[39]	Bao Z P, Liu R, Wu Y L, et al. Screening structure and predicting toxicity of pesticide adjuvants using molecular dynamics simulation and machine learning for minimizing environmental impacts[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2024, 942: 173697.
[40]	陈耿鹤, 彭静, 梁骏浩. 农药助剂的使用管理现状研究[J]. 广东化工, 2021, 48(456): 16-17.
[41]	刘绍仁, 袁建丽, 孔志英. 关于进一步贯彻落实《农药管理条例》有关问题的思考[J]. 现代农药, 2023, 22(4): 1-7.
[42]	王建平, 封梅. 《重点管控新污染物清单(2023年版)》解读[J]. 印染助剂, 2023, 40(2): 1-5.
[43]	李敏洁, 张琛, 李晓慧, 等. 农药助剂牛脂胺聚氧乙烯醚的毒性及其分析技术研究进展[J]. 农药学学报, 2023, 25(2): 310-318.
[44]	夏春华, 杨钟鸣, 朱伯荣, 等. 茶皂素在农药工业中应用研究进展[J]. 茶叶科学, 2000, 20(2): 82-88.
[45]	张远聪, 刘婷, 王玫, 等. 茶皂素的活性在农药中的应用研究进展[J]. 江西农业学报, 2022, 34(4): 70-74.
[46]	张杰, 蔡敏杰, 沈杨, 等. 中国农药表面活性剂的发展概况[J]. 化工管理, 2021, 20: 87-88.
[47]	Li N J, Sun C J, Jiang J J, et al. Advances in controlled-release pesticide formulations with improved efficacy and targetability[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2021, 69: 12579-12597. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05431 pmid: 34672558
[48]	Min F, Dreiss C A, Chu Z. Dynamic covalent surfactants and their uses in the development of smart materials[J]. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 2024, 327: 103159.