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2026年, 第56卷, 第8期　刊出日期：2026-08-22 上一期   

科技讲座

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黏弹性表面活性剂（VIII）——超长链非离子表面活性剂 Viscoelastic surfactants (VIII) Ultra-long-chain nonionic surfactants 刘璐璐, 陈强, 冯玉军 2026 (8):  977-983.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.08.001 摘要 ( 41 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF(6482KB) ( 40 )   超长链非离子表面活性剂（疏水尾链碳数超过C18）因能在极低浓度下自发形成蠕虫状胶束且无需外加助剂，已成为黏弹性表面活性剂领域的重要前沿方向。本综述系统梳理了该类表面活性剂在合成策略、溶解行为、流变特性及应用探索方面的最新进展。合成路线主要包括两条：以超长链脂肪酸与聚氧乙烯单甲醚经酯化反应制得聚醚型衍生物，以及通过酰胺化反应将芥酸等植物基原料与N-甲基-D-葡糖胺或N-乙基-D-葡糖胺偶联获得葡萄糖酰胺型产物。溶解性能可通过调控亲水头基尺寸、疏水尾链长度及不饱和度进行精细调节，并建立了定量构效关系以预测宽温域内的溶解行为。流变学研究表明，该类表面活性剂可自组装形成缠结的蠕虫状胶束网络或六方液晶相，即使在低温及较低浓度下仍表现出显著的剪切变稀特性和黏弹响应，基于上述特性，该体系已成功用于高价值植物的抗冻保护，通过在疏水性花瓣表面形成均匀稳定的覆盖层，协同发挥凝固点抑制、润湿增强及剪切响应黏度恢复等机制，有效缓解低温冻伤。展望未来，分子拓扑结构设计、绿色合成工艺开发及蠕虫状胶束形成热力学与网络动力学等基础问题的深入探究，将是推动该领域持续发展的关键方向。 Ultra-long-chain nonionic surfactants, featuring hydrophobic tails with carbon numbers beyond C18, have emerged as a significant frontier in viscoelastic surfactant research due to their capacity to form wormlike micelles at remarkably low concentrations without auxiliary hydrotropes. This review systematically delineates recent advances in the synthesis, solubility behavior, rheological properties, and application prospects of this class of amphiphiles. Two primary synthetic routes are highlighted: Esterification of fatty acids with polyoxyethylene monomethyl ether to produce polyether-type derivatives, and amidation with N-methyl-D-glucamine or N-ethyl-D-glucamine to afford glucosamide-based counterparts, both utilizing renewable plant-derived feedstocks such as erucic acid. Solubility modulation is achieved by tailoring hydrophilic headgroup size, hydrophobic tail length, and the number of unsaturated bonds, with quantitative structure-property correlations established to predict dissolution behavior across a wide temperature window. The glucosamide series further exhibits pronounced freezing-point depression, enabling subzero fluidity. Rheologically, these surfactants assemble into entangled wormlike micellar networks or hexagonal liquid crystalline phases, imparting significant shear-thinning characteristics and viscoelastic responses even at low concentrations and under freezing conditions. A representative glucosamide surfactant, UC22GEt, demonstrates a zero-shear viscosity as high as 4.17 × 105 mPa·s at 0 ℃ while retaining injectability at -14 ℃. Exploiting these unique features, the UC22GEt system has been successfully applied as a cryoprotectant for frost-sensitive plants, forming a uniform and stable coating on hydrophobic petal surfaces and effectively mitigating freeze-induced damage through synergistic mechanisms of freezing-point suppression, enhanced wettability, and shear-responsive viscosity recovery. Future directions are envisioned toward molecular topology engineering, greener synthetic methodologies, and deeper mechanistic understanding of the thermodynamic driving forces and network dynamics governing wormlike micelle formation. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

特邀专稿

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表面活性剂类润滑添加剂的研究进展 Research progress of surfactant-based lubricant additives 李婷, 胡文敬, 李久盛 2026 (8):  984-990.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.08.002 摘要 ( 53 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF(4878KB) ( 44 )   润滑添加剂是确保机械设备可靠运行、实现节能降耗的核心功能载体，其分子结构设计与多组分复配增效直接影响高端装备的摩擦学性能、能效水平和服役寿命。文章系统阐述了表面活性剂在润滑体系中的作用机制与功能定位，梳理了清净分散剂、乳化剂、极压抗磨剂、抗氧抗腐剂及辅助功能助剂的分类特征与应用性能。综述了纳米改性材料、功能化离子液体、可降解体系及绿色合成工艺等前沿技术创新成果，结合新能源汽车、高端智能装备及绿色化学发展趋势，阐明了行业全新性能需求与技术突围路径。研究表明，功能分子设计、多组分协同复配与绿色材料技术的融合应用，可有效突破传统润滑添加剂的性能瓶颈与环保局限。 Lubricant additives are core functional agents for ensuring reliable machinery operation and energy efficiency. Their molecular structure design and synergism in formulations can directly dictate the tribological performance, energy effectiveness, and service durability of high-end equipment. In this review, the action mechanisms and functional positioning of surfactants in lubrication systems were systematically elucidated. The classification characteristics and application performances of detergents-dispersants, emulsifiers, extreme-pressure anti-wear additives, antioxidant and anti-corrosion agents, and auxiliary functional additives were reviewed. Those cutting-edge technological innovations were summarized, including nano-modified materials, functionalized ionic liquids, biodegradable systems, and green synthesis processes. In light of the development trends in new energy vehicles, high-end intelligent equipment, and green chemistry, in this review, the novel performance demands and the technical breakthrough paths for lubricant additives were clarified. The literature research indicated that the integrated application of functional molecular design, synergistic multi-component compounding, and green material technologies could effectively break through the performance bottlenecks and environmental limitations of traditional lubricant additives. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

基础研究

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基于微囊化共生菌的3D皮肤微生态模型构建与表征 Construction and characterization of a 3D skin microbiome model based on microencapsulated commensal bacteria 李红艳, 吴祥莹, 赵寰宇, 高晨晨, 祁晓烨, 赵化冰, 孟璇 2026 (8):  991-998.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.08.003 摘要 ( 30 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF(5810KB) ( 35 )   文章在构建传统3D皮肤模型的基础上，通过培养正常人体皮肤表面常见的皮肤共生菌，并利用壳聚糖（CS）与三聚磷酸钠（TPP）的交联作用包覆细菌，形成形态均一且含皮肤共生菌的微胶囊（CS-菌-TPP微囊），并将其引入3D皮肤模型表面，实现皮肤模型与微生物细菌共存的生态平衡体系，进一步还原正常人体皮肤环境。通过对成纤维细胞的分离和培养构建真皮层，同法培养角质细胞构建角质层并接种至真皮层，经培养建立正常皮肤模型；通过培养表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、乳酸菌或微球菌等得到所需菌种；再通过带正电的壳聚糖氨基和带负电的三聚磷酸根相互吸引，基于离子交联原理，二者包载细菌最终形成了稳定的包菌微囊结构。并将包菌微囊铺陈于3D皮肤模型表面，形成基于微菌落的3D仿真人体皮肤模型。继而利用SEM、H&E染色、经皮电阻测试、显微镜观察和平板涂布等表征手段分别观察包菌微囊、皮肤模型及基于微菌落的3D仿真人体皮肤模型的生理特性、形态特征以及微囊内菌的生长状况。结合实验表征，3D皮肤模型具有较高且稳定的经皮电阻值，表明成功构建出具有稳定皮肤屏障的3D皮肤模型和形状均一、机械性能强的包菌微胶囊，并将包菌微胶囊引入3D皮肤模型表面，构建出还原正常人体皮肤表面的微生态环境。结果表明通过在3D皮肤模型表面成功定植皮肤共生菌，构建了一个高度模拟人体真实皮肤微环境的体外研究模型。 Building upon the construction of a traditional 3D skin model, commensal skin bacteria from normal human skin were cultured and encapsulated via ionic cross-linking between chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate, forming uniform microcapsules containing commensal bacteria （CS-bacteria-TPP microcapsules） that were subsequently applied to the surface of the 3D skin model. This established an ecological balance system in which the skin model coexists with microorganisms, thereby better mimicking the microenvironment of human skin. A dermal layer was constructed by isolating and culturing fibroblasts, while an epidermal layer was established using cultured keratinocytes, which were subsequently seeded onto the dermal layer to form a normal skin model. Target bacterial species, such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, lactic acid bacteria, or Micrococcus, spp., were cultured separately. Using the ionic cross-linking principle, positively charged amino groups of chitosan and negatively charged tripolyphosphate ions interacted, forming stable, bacteria-loaded microcapsules. Spreading these bacteria-coated microcapsules onto the surface of the 3D skin model yielded a 3D simulated human skin model incorporating a microcolony system. The physiological and morphological characteristics, as well as bacterial viability and growth within the microcapsules, were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, hematoxylin and eosin （H&E） staining, transepithelial electrical resistance （TEER） measurement, light microscopy, and agar plate counting, respectively. Characterization results confirm that the 3D skin model exhibits a high and stable transepithelial electrical resistance, indicating the successful establishment of an intact skin barrier alongside microcapsules featuring uniform morphology and robust mechanical strength. Applying these microcapsules to the model surface successfully recreates a microecological environment resembling normal human skin. Overall, these findings demonstrate that through the successful colonization of commensal skin bacteria on a 3D skin construct, a highly representative in vitro model simulating the human skin microenvironment was established. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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藜麦蛋白/低酰基结冷胶高内相Pickering乳液的制备及 稳定性研究 Preparation and stability study of high internal phase Pickering emulsions based on quinoa protein/low-acyl gellan gum 李玲丽, 王雨, 袁传勋, 金日生 2026 (8):  999-1008.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.08.004 摘要 ( 31 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF(7507KB) ( 27 )   为了提高藜麦蛋白在递送系统的开发和应用，该研究开发了一种基于藜麦蛋白/低酰基结冷胶复合物的高内相Pickering乳液（High internal phase Pickering emulsion，HIPPEs），并评估其作为疏水活性成分递送系统的潜力。通过构建复合物，系统研究pH=6~8对其浊度、Zeta电位和接触角等理化性质的影响。进一步将其用于稳定HIPPEs，通过粒径及其分布、乳化指数、宏观、微观结构分析和物理稳定性等指标评价乳液性能。研究表明，pH=6~8时，随着pH值的升高复合物的浊度降低（0.51~0.39），负电位升高（-35.13~-40.17 mV）、接触角增加（78.30°~83.70°）。与单一藜麦蛋白相比，复合物（pH=6~8）稳定的乳液具有更小且均一的粒径（10.50~6.04 μm）、较高的负Zeta电位（-33.63~-41.27 mV）、更高的乳化活性指数（26.06~34.77 m2/g）、乳化稳定性（63.32~75.88 min）和物理稳定性。因此，藜麦蛋白/低酰基结冷胶复合物能显著提高乳液的稳定性，并且pH值会影响乳液稳定性，在pH=6~8时，随着pH值的升高乳液稳定性增强。 To enhance the application of quinoa protein in delivery systems, a complex constructed with quinoa protein and low-acyl gellan gum was employed to stabilize high internal phase Pickering emulsions （HIPPEs）. The potential of such HIPPEs for delivering hydrophobic active ingredients was evaluated. The results showed that as pH was increased from 6.0 to 8.0, the turbidity of the complex decreased from 0.51 to 0.39, the ζ-potential decreased from -35.13 mV to -40.17 mV, and the contact angle increased from 78.30° to 83.70°. It was shown that the properties of complex-stabilized HIPPEs were significantly improved compared with those stabilized by quinoa protein alone, showing smaller droplet sizes （10.50-6.04 μm）, higher negative ζ-potential （from -33.63 mV to -41.27 mV）, enhanced emulsifying activity index （EAI, 26.06-34.77 m2/g） and emulsifying stability index （ESI, 63.32-75.88 min）, and better storage stability. Therefore, by using this quinoa protein/low-acyl gellan gum complex as emulsion stabilizer, it was proved that the emulsion stability could be significantly enhanced and the pH could considerably influence the emulsion stability, with stability being enhanced as the pH increased within the range of 6-8. This work might provide theoretical basis for the development of novel emulsion stabilizers and quinoa protein-based delivery systems for hydrophobic active substances. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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聚苯胺/C3N5异质结构建及光催化降解罗丹明B性能研究 Construction of polyaniline/C3N5 heterojunction and its performance in photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B 陈升, 商顺盈 2026 (8):  1009-1018.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.08.005 摘要 ( 26 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF(2023KB) ( 26 )   为了解决持久性有机污染物罗丹明B （RhB）染料造成的水污染问题。通过将半导体材料富氮氮化碳（C3N5）和导电聚合物聚苯胺（PANI）复合构建了PANI/C3N5异质结，详细表征了异质结的物相基团、比表面积和孔隙、可见光光谱响应、光生载流子重组和寿命等。考察了模拟可见光激发PANI/C3N5异质结降解RhB性能。结果表明：PANI和C3N5之间Ⅱ型异质结构建和π-π*电子离域堆叠提升了光生载流子分离效率和寿命，扩展了可见光吸收范围，增强了光催化活性。PANI/C3N5异质结表现出明显高于C3N5和PANI的光催化降解RhB能力，在PANI/C3N5异质结投加量为30 mg和初始pH=7条件下，模拟可见光照射60 min时初始质量浓度为100 mg/L RhB的降解率达到了98.42%，表观速率常数为0.063 61 min-1。经过五次光催化循环后RhB降解率降低至98.22%，表现出良好的耐久性和稳定性。超氧自由基在光催化过程中起到关键作用。 To solve the problem of water pollution caused by a persistent organic pollutant, rhodamine B （RhB） dye, in this work, the semiconductor material nitrogen-rich carbon nitride （C3N5） and the conductive polymer polyaniline （PANI） were combined to construct the PANI/C3N5 heterojunction. The phase composition, specific surface area and pores of the heterojunction were characterized, as well as its visible light spectral response and photogenerated carrier recombination and lifetime. The degradation of RhB by PANI/C3N5 heterojunction under simulated visible light excitation was investigated. The results showed that the type-II heterojunction construction and π-π* stacking-promoted electron delocalization between PANI and C3N5 could improve the separation efficiency and lifetime of photogenerated carriers, expand the visible light absorption range, and enhance the photocatalytic activity. The PANI/C3N5 heterojunction showed significantly higher ability in photocatalytic degradation of RhB than both C3N5 and PANI. Under the conditions of PANI/C3N5 heterojunction dosage of 30 mg, initial pH of 7, and simulated visible light irradiation for 60 min, the degradation percentage of RhB for a RhB solution with initial mass concentration of 100 mg/L could reach 98.42% and the apparent rate constant was 0.063 61 min-1. After five photocatalytic cycles, the degradation percentage of RhB decreased to 98.22%, indicative of good durability and stability. Superoxide radicals played a key role in the photocatalytic process. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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构建pH响应型拟双子表面活性剂：探究提升护发素体系性能的微观机制 Construction of pH-responsive pseudo-Gemini surfactants: exploring microscopic mechanisms for enhancing hair conditioner performance 王莉娜, 蔡小雪, 汤小芹, 张国栋, 郑春颖 2026 (8):  1019-1026.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.08.006 摘要 ( 33 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF(3432KB) ( 35 )   文章系统地探讨了琥珀酸（SA）在护发素体系中的分子设计优势及其pH响应特性，旨在突破传统护发素配方存在的高脂依赖、结构松散等瓶颈问题，提出创新策略。同为双羧酸的戊二酸（GA）体系亦展现出优于单酸体系的结构特性，证实了双羧酸分子设计的普适优势。实验结果表明，琥珀酸凭借其双羧酸基团与硬脂酰胺丙基二甲胺（SPA）相互作用，形成拟双子表面活性剂结构，进而构建出长程有序的致密层状网络。在脂肪醇用量仅为5%的条件下，该体系的静态增稠效率（η0=18 810 mPa·s）相较于乳酸（LA）体系显著提升了4.5倍。同时，琥珀酸的引入还协同增强了护发素的梳理性（湿梳改善率67.51%）、抗静电性（相对静电电压4.23%）和防断发性（梳理5 000次减少断发63%）。进一步研究发现，当体系pH值从4.5升高至6.5时，通过增加电荷中和作用，优化了层状网络的致密性，从而使静态黏度（η0=35 940 mPa·s）与抗静电性能（相对静电电压1.48%）得到显著提升。然而，该体系的剪切稀化斜率保持一致性，确保了动态铺展性不受影响。该研究揭示了护发素体系中“静态致密-动态响应”的平衡机制，并提出了通过分子设计与环境参数调控相结合的方式，实现配方精简与性能优化的双重路径。 This study systematically explores the molecular design advantages of succinic acid （SA） in hair conditioner systems and its pH-responsive characteristics, aiming to overcome the bottlenecks of traditional formulations, such as high lipid dependence and loose structure. Notably, the glutaric acid （GA） system, as another dicarboxylic acid, also demonstrates superior network properties, which collectively confirms the pivotal role of the dicarboxylic acid molecular architecture. Experimental results show that SA, through its dicarboxylic acid groups interacting with stearamidopropyl dimethylamine （SPA）, forms a pseudo-Gemini surfactant structure, thereby constructing a long-range ordered dense lamellar network. Under the condition of only 5% fatty alcohol, the static viscosity of this system （η0=18 810 mPa·s） is significantly improved by 4.5 times compared to the lactic acid （LA） system. Additionally, the introduction of SA synergistically improves the wet combability （improvement rate of 67.51%）, antistatic properties （relative static voltage of 4.23%）, and anti-breakage performance （reducing hair breakage by 63% after 5 000 combing strokes）. Further investigation reveals that increasing the system pH from 4.5 to 6.5 promotes charge neutralization, optimizing the compactness of the lamellar network. This leads to a significant increase in zero-shear viscosity （η0=35 940 mPa·s） and superior antistatic performance （relative static voltage of 1.48%）. Crucially, the consistent shear-thinning slope across the tested pH range ensures that dynamic spreadability remains uncompromised. This work elucidates a “static compactness-dynamic response” balance mechanism in conditioner systems and proposes a synergistic strategy combining molecular design with environmental parameter control to achieve simultaneous formulation simplification and performance enhancement. These findings provide a solid theoretical foundation and an innovative technical framework for developing high-performance hair conditioner products. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

开发与应用

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一种植物复合物缓解日常洗护致头皮敏感的功效及作用机制研究 A plant-derived complex attenuates surfactant-induced scalp sensitivity: efficacy and underlying mechanisms 方圆圆, 张倩, 高梦雪, 王雨冰, 常晓维 2026 (8):  1027-1037.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.08.007 摘要 ( 52 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF(8354KB) ( 41 )   洗发水和护发素已成为日常生活中的常规头皮护理用品。频繁的产品接触或表面活性剂残留会对头皮皮肤造成刺激和损伤。文章通过建立体外模型用以模拟洗发水和护发素对头皮的刺激，并筛选了一系列市售植物提取物。高山黄芩、柳兰和薰衣草提取物显示出较强的角质细胞保护作用。之后将三个原料复配成头皮舒缓复合物，在表面活性剂干预刺激下，分别在角质形成细胞模型和3D重建人源表皮模型上进行整体功效研究。经过对促炎标志物、表皮组织形态、皮肤屏障相关蛋白等的检测及全面评估，头皮舒缓复合物被证明是一种强效的整体解决方案，能够有效对抗表面活性剂造成的刺激，可以减少炎症因子IL-6，IL-8和炎症介质PGE2的产生，提升内源性NRF2来减少自由基，促进皮肤屏障FLG和LOR的生成，降低TRPV1表达。研究结果表明，舒缓复合物能通过多靶点协同调控屏障功能、炎症反应及神经敏感信号通路，在头皮护理应用中具有潜力。 Nowadays, shampoos and conditioners are used as routine hair care products in daily life. Frequent exposure to surfactants or their residues more or less causes damage to scalp skin. Herein, an in vitro model was constructed to simulate skin irritation induced by shampoo and hair conditioner, followed by the screening of multiple commercially available plant extracts. Scutellaria alpine, Epilobium angustifolium and Lavandula angustifolia were identified as strong cell protectors and formulated into a scalp soothing complex （SSC）. The SSC was further studied in both a keratinocyte model and a 3D reconstructed human epidermal model, for its effect in counteracting surfactant-induced damage. After a comprehensive evaluation including inflammatory markers, epidermal tissue morphology, and barrier proteins, SSC demonstrates that it is a strong, holistic solution to combat surfactant irritation. Specifically, SSC reduces the production of inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, as well as the inflammatory mediator PGE2, upregulates endogenous NRF2 expression to enhance free radical scavenging; promotes the synthesis of key barrier proteins FLG and LOR; and downregulates TRPV1 expression. The current research suggests that SSC modulates barrier function, inflammatory responses, and neuro-sensory signaling through a multi-target regulatory mechanism, thereby exhibiting significant soothing efficacy and strong potential for scalp care applications. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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护发素配方模型的相结构及其对性能的影响 Phase structure of hair conditioner formulation models and its impact on performance 汤小芹, 王莉娜, 蔡小雪, 张国栋, 郑春颖 2026 (8):  1038-1043.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.08.008 摘要 ( 34 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF(4667KB) ( 36 )   采用冷冻扫描电镜、差示扫描量热法、流变测试与梳理性评价等多尺度表征手段，系统研究了护发素配方模型在80和65 ℃乳化工艺及室温储存过程中的相结构演变与性能变化。结果表明：65 ℃乳化工艺形成高度有序的平板薄片层状结构，其料体黏弹性、湿发梳理性显著优于80 ℃乳化工艺形成的囊泡-平板薄片混合结构；80 ℃乳化工艺样品经室温储存15天后，囊泡结构自发重组，出现融合、尺寸增大、并铺展形成连续的平板薄片层状结构趋势。结论显示：乳化温度是调控体系相结构与性能的关键因素，65 ℃工艺有利于获得结构稳定、性能优异的平板薄片结构；室温储存驱动亚稳态的囊泡结构向稳定态平板薄片结构演化，这解释了产品在储存后感官性能提升的动力学机制。 The structural evolution and performance behavior of a hair conditioner model formulation, emulsified at two different temperatures （65 and 80 ℃） and monitored during subsequent room-temperature storage, were systematically investigated via techniques including cryo-SEM, DSC, rheology, and combing tests. The results demonstrate that the emulsion processed at 65 ℃ forms a highly ordered lamellar sheet structure, which exhibits significantly superior bulk viscoelasticity and wet-hair combing performance compared to the mixed vesicle-lamellar sheet structure formed at 80 ℃. Following 15 days of room temperature storage, samples prepared at 80 ℃ undergo spontaneous reorganization of the vesicular structures, characterized by fusion, an increase in size, and a tendency to flatten and form continuous lamellar sheets. These findings indicate that the emulsification temperature is a critical factor governing the phase structure and performance of the system. Specifically, the 65 ℃ process facilitates the formation of a structurally stable lamellar sheet structure with excellent properties. Room-temperature storage drives the transition from a metastable vesicular state towards the stable lamellar sheet state, thereby elucidating the kinetic mechanism behind the observed enhancement in sensory performance upon storage. This study provides new insights into the development and production of high-performance hair conditioners. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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三白草提取物的抗皱和紧致功效研究 Study on the anti-aging and firming efficacy of Saururus chinensis extract 周菲, 刘宗艳, 喻明英, 张力川, 郭静怡, 卢伊娜 2026 (8):  1044-1052.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.08.009 摘要 ( 52 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF(11765KB) ( 49 )   文章旨在通过分子对接、细胞学验证、人体皮肤功效验证来探究三白草提取物的抗皱和紧致功效。分子对接结果显示，三白草提取物中的主要成分三白草酮与内皮素A受体（EDNRA）结合力能达-6.619 kcal/mol，结合活性良好。内皮素-1 （ET-1）刺激过表达EDNRA的HaCaT细胞结果显示，三白草提取物可显著降低EDNRA激活后升高的细胞内钙离子浓度，降低基质金属蛋白酶-9 （MMP-9）表达量。人体单盲半脸对照试验结果显示，与基质组相比，三白草提取物在使用后7天、14天、28天均显著提高皮肤高密度回声值，在28天显著降低鱼尾纹最大深度、皮肤回弹时间及皮肤红度a*值、皮肤粗糙度参数Ra和Rz。三白草提取物可能通过调控ET-1-EDNRA通路，影响细胞因子MMP-9表达量来发挥抗皱和紧致功效。 This study aimed to investigate the anti-wrinkle and firming efficacy of Saururus chinensis extract （SC） using molecular docking, cell-based assays, and a single-blind, half-face controlled human trial. The results show that sauchinone, a characteristic bioactive component of SC, exhibits strong binding affinity for EDNRA, with a binding energy of -6.619 kcal/mol. In EDNRA-overexpressing HaCaT cells, SC significantly reduces the elevation of intracellular Ca2+ level after EDNRA activation and decreases the expression level of MMP-9. In the half-face controlled clinical trial, SC significantly increases the ultrasound high-intensity echogenicity of the skin at 7, 14, and 28 days compared with the vehicle control. By Day 28, SC treatment significantly reduced crow’s feet depth, skin retraction time, skin redness a* value, and skin roughness （Ra and Rz values）. Therefore, SC has anti-wrinkle and firming efficacy by modulating MMP-9 expression through the ET-1/EDNRA signaling pathway. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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三七不同提取物舒缓功效对比研究 Comparative study on the soothing efficacy of different extracts of Panax notoginseng 何志明, 黄加文, 詹易, 吴德松, 查雨锋 2026 (8):  1053-1061.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.08.010 摘要 ( 53 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF(3571KB) ( 41 )   使用体外生物学实验方法对三七不同提取物舒缓功效及其功效差异进行研究。采用红细胞溶血实验、透明质酸酶抑制实验，检测细胞溶血率及透明质酸酶抑制率，评价其对细胞保护作用及抗过敏活性；采用UVB诱导原代人角质形成细胞（KC）炎症模型，检测上清中IL-6、TNF-α的含量，评价其抗炎活性；采用十二烷基硫酸钠（SLS）诱导KC细胞屏障损伤模型，检测KC细胞活力、迁移率及ZO-1、TGM1、Claudin-1蛋白的表达，评价其屏障修复功效；采用辣椒素诱导的KC细胞模型，检测KC细胞中Ca2+荧光强度及TRPV1、TRPM2蛋白的表达，评价其改善神经过敏性反应的功效。结果显示，三七不同提取物均能显著抑制红细胞溶血率及透明质酸酶的活性，降低炎症细胞中IL-6、TNF-α炎症因子的含量，抑制细胞中Ca2+的内流；三七不同提取物能显著提高经UVB照射后KC细胞的存活率，促进经SLS损伤后的KC细胞迁移及相关屏障修复相关蛋白ZO-1、Claudin-1的表达，能显著抑制经辣椒素诱导后TRPV1、TRPM2蛋白的表达。表明三七不同提取物有较好的舒缓功效，且三七总皂苷舒缓功效优于三七总黄酮、三七总多糖。 In this study, we investigated the effects of different extracts of Panax notoginseng （PNT） on cell protection, barrier repair, and the alleviation of inflammatory response and neurological response, and evaluated the soothing efficacy of these extracts. The results show that different extracts of PNT significantly inhibit the red blood cell hemolysis rate and hyaluronidase activity, reduce the levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α in stimulated cells, and inhibit intracellular Ca2+ influx. Furthermore, total saponins of PNT and total polysaccharides of PNT significantly increase the survival rate of KC cells after UVB irradiation, promote KC migration following SLS-induced injury, upregulate the expression of key barrier repair proteins （ZO-1 and claudin-1）, and significantly inhibit the capsaicin-induced expression of TRPV1 and TRPM2 proteins. In conclusion, various PNT extracts exhibit strong soothing properties, with PNT saponins demonstrating superior soothing efficacy compared to PNT flavonoids and PNT polysaccharides. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

专论与综述

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鄂尔多斯盆地下古碳酸盐岩气藏堵塞机理及解堵技术研究 Blockage mechanisms and de-blockage technologies for the Lower Paleozoic carbonate gas reservoirs in the Ordos Basin 柳康, 于九政, 牛国鹏, 吴春生, 刘笑春, 燕永利 2026 (8):  1062-1082.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.08.011 摘要 ( 16 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF(20630KB) ( 32 )   鄂尔多斯盆地下古碳酸盐岩气藏分布广、资源潜力大，但该类气藏孔喉细小、非均质性强且多呈强水湿特征，长期开发过程中井筒与近井带易发生堵塞与积液，表现为产量递减与频繁停产关井，严重制约后期开发效益。因此，面向堵塞的机理识别与解堵工艺优化已成为保障致密碳酸盐岩气井稳产的关键环节。文章基于靖边、苏里格等区块的现场诊断，综合岩心岩屑分析、物性与润湿性测试，系统总结堵塞物组成特征及其耦合演化机理。已有研究普遍认为，堵塞多呈复合特征，主导因素为无机结垢，有机沉积居次要地位，水锁在致密强水湿孔喉系统中高发并常起到强化与稳定堵塞的作用。围绕复合堵塞治理，文章综述了分段缓速酸体系、酸碱复合体系、泡沫辅助返排等化学解堵技术，结合连续油管喷射等物理解堵手段，纳米润湿调控、CO2泡排等新型工艺在深层水锁与微孔聚结段表现出良好适应性。最后，对未来解堵技术研究的发展方向提出了展望，以期提升成熟气田后期治理的工程指导价值。 The Lower Paleozoic carbonate gas reservoirs in the Ordos Basin are widely distributed and possess significant resource potential. However, these reservoirs commonly exhibit ultra-tight pore throat systems, strong heterogeneity, and pronounced water-wet characteristics. During the long-term production, wellbores and near-wellbore zones are prone to blockage and liquid accumulation, manifesting as production decline and frequent shutdowns, which severely constrain later development efficiency. Therefore, the mechanism identification for blockage and optimization of de-blockage processes are therefore critical steps for maintaining deliverability in tight carbonate gas wells. Based on field diagnoses in blocks such as Jingbian and Surig, this study systematically summarizes the composition characteristics of blockage materials and their coupled evolution mechanisms through integrated core and cuttings analysis, physical property and wettability tests. Existing research generally agrees that blockage often exhibits composite characteristics, with inorganic scaling as the dominant factor, while organic deposition plays a secondary role. Water blocking frequently occurs in tight strongly water-wet pore-throat systems and often enhances and stabilizes blockage. Focusing on the composite blockage remediation, this article reviews the chemical de-blockage technologies such as staged slow-rate acid systems, acid-base composite systems, and foam-assisted rehydration, combined with physical de-blockage methods like coiled tubing jetting. Novel techniques such as nano-wettability regulation and CO2 foam rehydration demonstrate good adaptability in deep water blocking and micropore coalescence sections. Finally, the future research directions for de-blockage technology are proposed to enhance the engineering guidance value for mature gas field remediation. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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核酸及其衍生物在美丽健康领域的应用及研究进展 Applications and research advances of nucleic acids and their derivatives in the beauty and health sector 李思盈, 吴韩, 徐昌, 裴晓静 2026 (8):  1083-1092.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.08.012 摘要 ( 34 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF(8467KB) ( 30 )   核酸及其衍生物凭借其在促进修复、抗氧化、调控基因表达等方面的多重生物活性，已成为化妆品、医疗美容和功能食品等领域的高价值新兴原料。文章系统梳理了核苷、核苷酸、脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）、核糖核酸（RNA）、多聚脱氧核糖核苷酸（PDRN）、多核苷酸（PN）、框架核酸（FNA）、核酸适配体以及水凝胶等不同结构核酸物质的作用机制与研究进展，并汇总相关临床证据，总结了近年来核酸相关化妆品的备案与应用趋势，列举了框架核酸药物载体、PN注射填充剂、RNA复合面膜等代表性产品与专利，指出当前该领域面临的主要挑战包括稳定性、渗透性、成本控制及法规评价等方面的瓶颈，随着技术的持续突破与产学研的深度融合，核酸相关原料有望突破当前瓶颈，在美丽与健康领域中展现出更广阔的应用前景。 Nucleic acids and their derivatives have become high-value emerging ingredients in cosmetics, medical aesthetics, and functional foods due to their multifaceted biological activities in promoting tissue repair, providing antioxidant effects, and regulating gene expression. This review systematically categorizes nucleosides, nucleotides, DNA, RNA, polydeoxyribonucleotide （PDRN）, and polynucleotide （PN）, as well as structurally distinct nucleic acid materials including framework nucleic acids （FNAs）, aptamers, and nucleic acid hydrogels. Key sources and preparation methods are summarized: PDRN is primarily extracted from fish or plant tissues, with plant sources requiring additional cell wall degradation; RNA is obtained through yeast fermentation and salt precipitation; β-nicotinamide mononucleotide （NMN） and oligonucleotides rely on enzymatic catalysis or chemical synthesis. In terms of mechanisms of action, PDRN regulates inflammatory responses and collagen synthesis by specifically activating adenosine A2A receptors; framework nucleic acids promote cell migration and wound healing by activating the AKT signaling pathway; and yeast RNA exhibits immunomodulatory and tissue regenerative functions. In terms of application, PDRN is used in medicine to promote wound healing and cartilage repair; PN injections demonstrate superior skin rejuvenation effects compared to those of hyaluronic acid in medical aesthetics; and PDRN-fortified beverages in functional foods show potential for enhancing metabolism and protecting gastric mucosa. Although challenges persist in areas such as ingredient stability, skin permeability, large-scale production costs, and regulatory evaluation, ongoing breakthroughs in nanotechnology, synthesis processes, and delivery systems, coupled with deepening industry-academia-research collaborations, hold promise for overcoming existing technical barriers. Nucleic acid ingredients are poised to demonstrate broader application prospects and commercial value in the beauty and health sectors, driving innovation toward precision, intelligence, and efficiency in product formulations. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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皮肤营养成分靶向递送系统工程导向的化妆品研发 策略分析 Analysis of the engineering-oriented cosmetic research and development strategy for targeted delivery systems of skin nutrient components 梁瑞强, 刘素丽, 曹进, 宁霄 2026 (8):  1093-1102.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.08.013 摘要 ( 27 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF(2067KB) ( 24 )   化妆品研发正在经历从传统成分叠加向功效导向的重要转变。然而，活性成分的皮肤生物利用度低仍是制约产品效果的关键因素。文章提出将化妆品研发视为一个以精准靶向递送为核心的皮肤营养系统工程，旨在整合皮肤生理学、营养学、材料科学与药剂学等多学科知识，系统解决活性成分从制剂到皮肤靶点细胞的递送问题。文章首先阐述了皮肤在老化及环境压力下对外源活性成分补充的需求及其科学依据；其次，分析了皮肤屏障的结构与功能对递送效率带来的影响及其物理化学机制；进而系统阐述了脂质体、聚合物纳米载体和外泌体等先进递送技术在克服屏障限制、实现可控释放与靶向递送中的作用；最后，通过眼周皮肤抗衰老的复合营养干预策略和面部T区皮脂分泌与屏障功能的协同调控策略，展示了该系统工程策略在化妆品为皮肤精准补充营养中的应用潜力。文章分析得出，基于系统工程导向的研发策略能为开发具有生物学意义的功效型化妆品提供理论框架，并促进化妆品科学向更精准、高效的方向发展。 The research and development（R&D）of cosmetics is undergoing a significant shift from traditional ingredient layering toward efficacy-oriented approaches. However, the low skin bioavailability of active ingredients remains a key limiting factor for product effectiveness. This article proposes viewing cosmetic R&D as a skin nutrition system engineering centered on precise targeted delivery, aiming to integrate multidisciplinary knowledge from skin physiology, nutrition, materials science, and pharmacology to systematically address the delivery challenges of active ingredients from formulations to targeted skin cells. First, this review describes the rationale and skin requirements for external active ingredient supplementation under conditions of aging and environmental stress. Second, it analyzes how the structure and function of the skin barrier govern delivery efficiency, along with the corresponding physicochemical mechanisms. Furthermore, it systematically elaborates on advanced delivery technologies, such as liposomes, polymeric nanocarriers, and exosomes, in overcoming barrier limitations to achieve controlled release and targeted delivery. Finally, the potential application of this system engineering strategy in cosmetics for precise skin nutrition supplementation is demonstrated through a composite nutritional intervention strategy for periorbital anti-aging, as well as a synergistic regulatory strategy for sebum secretion and barrier function in the facial T-zone. In conclusion, a system engineering-oriented R&D strategy provides a theoretical framework for developing biologically meaningful, efficacy-driven cosmetics, driving the advancement of cosmetic science towards greater precision and efficiency. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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干性敏感性皮肤发生机制及护理策略研究 Pathophysiology and care strategies for dry sensitive skin 冯晓月 2026 (8):  1103-1110.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.08.014 摘要 ( 27 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF(3588KB) ( 27 )   干性敏感性皮肤是一种常见且复杂的皮肤状态，兼具干性和敏感性皮肤特征，其相关问题受到越来越多关注，但其发生机制尚不完全明晰。文章系统综述其特征表现及可能的发生机制，包括原发诱因、屏障功能受损、炎症免疫反应及神经血管高反应性。基于机制分析，提出原发因素管理、皮肤屏障修复、炎症缓解及神经舒缓与感觉调节的护理策略。文章还探讨未来研究方向，包括机制层面的解析、个体化护理及新型活性成分开发。这些机制导向的护理措施可为干性敏感性皮肤的科学管理、功能性护肤品研发及临床实践提供参考。 Dry sensitive skin is a common and complex skin condition, characterized by features of both dry and sensitive skin. With increasing environmental stressors and improper skincare practices, related issues have drawn growing attention, yet the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This review systematically summarizes the clinical manifestations and potential pathogenic mechanisms of dry sensitive skin, including primary triggers, impaired barrier function, inflammatory and immune responses, and neurovascular hyperreactivity. Based on these mechanistic insights, we propose targeted management strategies, focusing on primary trigger control, skin barrier restoration, inflammation alleviation, and neurosensory soothing and modulation. Future research directions are also addressed, encompassing fine-scale mechanistic studies, individualized care strategies, and the development of novel active ingredients. These mechanism-oriented approaches provide a theoretical basis for the scientific management of dry sensitive skin and offer guidance for functional cosmetic development and clinical practice. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

分析与检测

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基于复合表面活性剂提取的SP-ICP-MS法测定油包水防晒剂中纳米氧化锌 Dtermination of ZnO nanoparticles in water-in-oil sunscreen by SP-ICP-MS based on extraction with a surfactant-polymer mixture 宋玉函, 徐羽翀, 杨阳, 张雪青, 刘真, 冯敬敬 2026 (8):  1111-1117.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.08.015 摘要 ( 24 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF(3012KB) ( 27 )   建立了一种基于十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）与聚乙二醇-聚丙二醇（25/30）共聚物（PEG-PPG-25/30）复合表面活性剂提取的超声辅助结合单颗粒电感耦合等离子体质谱（Single particle-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry，SP-ICP-MS）的分析方法，用于同步测定油包水（W/O）型防晒霜中纳米氧化锌（ZnONPs）的粒径分布及颗粒数量。该复合分散体系通过静电排斥与空间位阻的协同作用，有效破解了W/O乳液的稳定结构，显著提升了ZnONPs的提取效率与分散稳定性。通过对pH值、超声时间及稀释倍数等关键参数的系统优化，确定最佳分析条件为：pH为7.0、超声处理时间为30 min、颗粒数量在1.6×108~1.2×109 颗粒数/L范围内。方法学验证结果显示，ZnONPs标准物质的测定值与参考值高度一致；方法的粒径检出限为7 nm，颗粒数量检出限为2.34×103 颗粒数/L，加标回收率为109.7%±3.5%，且ZnONPs标准物质的测定值与参考值高度吻合，显示出优异的准确性、灵敏度与重现性。该研究为解决复杂基质中纳米颗粒的提取与准确定量难题提供了可靠的前处理策略。所建立的方法操作简便、分析快速，适用于W/O型防晒产品中ZnONPs的高精度、高灵敏度检测。 A method for analysis of oil-in-water （W/O） sunscreen formulations containing nano zinc oxide （ZnONPs） was established. The mixture of sodium dodecyl sulfate （SDS） and polyethylene glycol-polypropylene glycol copolymer （PEG-PPG-25/30） was used for extraction, and then the extracted sample was analyzed by ultrasound-assisted single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （SP-ICP-MS）. This method enabled the determination of particle size distribution and particle number concentration of ZnONPs. The surfactant-polymer mixture could effectively break the stable structure of W/O emulsions through synergistic effects of electrostatic repulsion and steric hindrance, thus significantly enhancing the extraction efficiency and dispersion stability of ZnONPs. Key parameters such as pH value, ultrasonic treatment time, and dilution factor were optimized, and the optimized analytical conditions were as follows: pH of 7.0, ultrasonic processing for 30 min, and a range of particle testing concentration from 1.6×108 to 1.2×109 particles/L. Results of methodological validation indicated that the measured values for ZnONP standard materials were highly consistent with reference values; specifically, the detection limit for particle size was 7 nm while the detection limit for particle number concentration was 2.34×103 particles/L. The spiked recovery was found to be 109.7%±3.5%, further confirming the excellent accuracy, sensitivity, and reproducibility in measurement. This work provided a reliable pre-treatment strategy to address challenges associated with extracting and accurately quantifying nanoparticles in complex matrices. The established method was straightforward in operation and rapid in analysis, making it suitable for high-precision and high-sensitivity detection of ZnONPs in W/O sunscreen products. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定洗发水中52种元素 Simultaneous determination of 52 elements in shampoo by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry 李丽敏, 花中霞, 薛钰凡, 董新凤 2026 (8):  1118-1124.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.08.016 摘要 ( 33 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF(5898KB) ( 30 )   为了解洗发水中元素含量状况，建立了电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定洗发水中52种元素的分析方法。通过优化微波消解及ICP-MS条件，选用6 mL HNO3和2 mL H2O2消解样品，Ge和Re作为内标定量分析了57批次市售洗发水中Li、Be、B、Al、Sc、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Ga、As、Se、Rb、Sr、Y、Ru、Pd、Ag、Cd、In、Sn、Sb、Te、Cs、Ba、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu、Hf、Ir、Pt、Au、Hg、Tl、Pb、Bi、U 52种元素含量。结果表明，该方法在1~100 μg/L （Se、Zn、Fe、Al：1~1 000 μg/L；Hg：0.1~4 μg/L）范围内线性关系良好，相关系数均>0.999 0，方法检出限不高于75 μg/kg。低、中、高浓度加标回收率范围为81.3%~114.1%，RSD<6% （n=6）。该方法简单、准确、灵敏度高、重复性好，适用于洗发水中52种元素的快速批量测定。洗发水样品中Pb、Cd、Hg、As检测结果均符合规定，化妆品禁用组分Ni、Cr、Sb、Te、Be、Tl和16种稀土元素含量低，某些类型或品牌洗发水中Se、Zn、Fe、Al含量较其他样品高。 To investigate the elemental contents in shampoo, an analytical method for the simultaneous determination of 52 elements in shampoo was established using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS）. Through the optimization of microwave digestion and ICP-MS operational parameters, 6 mL of nitric acid and 2 mL of hydrogen peroxide were adopted to digest the samples; the No gas analysis mode and He mode were selected as instrumental analysis modes; and Ge and Re were used as online internal standards. The concentrations of 52 elements （namely Li, Be, B, Al, Sc, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Ru, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Te, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Tl, Pb, Bi, and U） in 57 shampoo samples were determined and quantified by ICP-MS under the opimal experimental conditions. The results indicate that under the optimized conditions, the linearity of all 52 elements is good in the range of 1-100 μg/L （1~1 000 μg/L for Se, Zn, Fe, and Al; 0.1~4 μg/L for Hg）, with the correlation coefficients exceeding 0.999 0. The limits of detection of the method are no higher than 75 μg/kg. The spiked recoveries at low, medium and high concentrations （n=6） range from 81.3% to 114.1%, with relative standard deviations of no more than 6%. This method is simple, accurate, sensitive and reproducible, making it suitable for the rapid, high-throughput determination of 52 elements in shampoo. The determination results show that the concentrations of Pb, Cd, Hg, and As in all samples conform to the standard. The contents of prohibited cosmetic ingredients, including Ni, Cr, Sb, Te, Be, Tl and 16 rare earth elements, are low. In contrast, the concentrations of Se, Zn, Fe, and Al are higher in certain types or brands of shampoo samples than in others. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标