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日用化学工业（中英文）

日用化学工业（中英文） ›› 2026, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (8): 991-998.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.08.003

• 基础研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于微囊化共生菌的3D皮肤微生态模型构建与表征

李红艳1,2,吴祥莹1,赵寰宇1,高晨晨1,祁晓烨1,2,赵化冰1,*(),孟璇1,*()   

  1. 1 天津科技大学 生物工程学院， 天津 300457
    2 天津嘉氏堂科技有限公司， 天津 300480
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-19 修回日期:2026-07-24 出版日期:2026-08-22 发布日期:2026-09-02
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(22105145)

Construction and characterization of a 3D skin microbiome model based on microencapsulated commensal bacteria

Hongyan Li1,2,Xiangying Wu1,Huanyu Zhao1,Chenchen Gao1,Xiaoye Qi1,2,Huabing Zhao1,*(),Xuan Meng1,*()   

  1. 1 School of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
    2 Tianjin Jiashitang Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300480, China
  • Received:2025-11-19 Revised:2026-07-24 Online:2026-08-22 Published:2026-09-02
  • Contact: *E-mail: zhaohuabing@tust.edu.cn（Huabing Zhao）；mengxuan@tust.edu.cn（Xuan Meng）.

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摘要：

文章在构建传统3D皮肤模型的基础上，通过培养正常人体皮肤表面常见的皮肤共生菌，并利用壳聚糖（CS）与三聚磷酸钠（TPP）的交联作用包覆细菌，形成形态均一且含皮肤共生菌的微胶囊（CS-菌-TPP微囊），并将其引入3D皮肤模型表面，实现皮肤模型与微生物细菌共存的生态平衡体系，进一步还原正常人体皮肤环境。通过对成纤维细胞的分离和培养构建真皮层，同法培养角质细胞构建角质层并接种至真皮层，经培养建立正常皮肤模型；通过培养表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、乳酸菌或微球菌等得到所需菌种；再通过带正电的壳聚糖氨基和带负电的三聚磷酸根相互吸引，基于离子交联原理，二者包载细菌最终形成了稳定的包菌微囊结构。并将包菌微囊铺陈于3D皮肤模型表面，形成基于微菌落的3D仿真人体皮肤模型。继而利用SEM、H&E染色、经皮电阻测试、显微镜观察和平板涂布等表征手段分别观察包菌微囊、皮肤模型及基于微菌落的3D仿真人体皮肤模型的生理特性、形态特征以及微囊内菌的生长状况。结合实验表征，3D皮肤模型具有较高且稳定的经皮电阻值，表明成功构建出具有稳定皮肤屏障的3D皮肤模型和形状均一、机械性能强的包菌微胶囊，并将包菌微胶囊引入3D皮肤模型表面，构建出还原正常人体皮肤表面的微生态环境。结果表明通过在3D皮肤模型表面成功定植皮肤共生菌，构建了一个高度模拟人体真实皮肤微环境的体外研究模型。

关键词: 3D皮肤模型, 皮肤共生菌, 微胶囊, 微生物屏障

Abstract:

Building upon the construction of a traditional 3D skin model, commensal skin bacteria from normal human skin were cultured and encapsulated via ionic cross-linking between chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate, forming uniform microcapsules containing commensal bacteria （CS-bacteria-TPP microcapsules） that were subsequently applied to the surface of the 3D skin model. This established an ecological balance system in which the skin model coexists with microorganisms, thereby better mimicking the microenvironment of human skin. A dermal layer was constructed by isolating and culturing fibroblasts, while an epidermal layer was established using cultured keratinocytes, which were subsequently seeded onto the dermal layer to form a normal skin model. Target bacterial species, such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, lactic acid bacteria, or Micrococcus, spp., were cultured separately. Using the ionic cross-linking principle, positively charged amino groups of chitosan and negatively charged tripolyphosphate ions interacted, forming stable, bacteria-loaded microcapsules. Spreading these bacteria-coated microcapsules onto the surface of the 3D skin model yielded a 3D simulated human skin model incorporating a microcolony system. The physiological and morphological characteristics, as well as bacterial viability and growth within the microcapsules, were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, hematoxylin and eosin （H&E） staining, transepithelial electrical resistance （TEER） measurement, light microscopy, and agar plate counting, respectively. Characterization results confirm that the 3D skin model exhibits a high and stable transepithelial electrical resistance, indicating the successful establishment of an intact skin barrier alongside microcapsules featuring uniform morphology and robust mechanical strength. Applying these microcapsules to the model surface successfully recreates a microecological environment resembling normal human skin. Overall, these findings demonstrate that through the successful colonization of commensal skin bacteria on a 3D skin construct, a highly representative in vitro model simulating the human skin microenvironment was established.

Key words: 3D skin model, skin commensal bacteria, microcapsules, microbial barrier

中图分类号: 

  • TQ658