非离子表面活性剂在SiO2气凝胶分散过程中的改性机理与性能研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.04.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

分别用非离子表面活性剂脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物（FMEE）、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（AEO₉）、烷基多糖苷（APG08-10）和壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚（NP-10）对SiO₂气凝胶（AG）进行表面改性，制备得到4种表面活性剂-AG分散体系。利用沉降体积比、平均粒径、Zeta电位、FT-IR和TEM等对其分散性进行了评价，分析了不同表面活性剂在AG表面的吸附方式以及对分散性能的作用机理和影响规律。结果表明：FMEE、AEO₉、APG08-10、NP-10的质量分数分别为0.04%、0.10%、0.04%、0.06%时体系分散效果优于其他样品，分散性能顺序为：NP-10>AEO₉>FMEE>APG08-10，其中，NP-10在疏水作用和范德华力作用下与AG颗粒相互吸引，苯环则通过π-π堆积作用垂直吸附至AG颗粒表面上，长聚氧乙烯醚（EO）链在液相中良好的空间位阻作用克服了AG颗粒之间的吸附团聚，保证了分散体系的稳定性。

关键词: SiO₂气凝胶, 非离子表面活性剂, 分散, 团聚

Abstract:

Four dispersion systems were prepared by surface modification of SiO₂ aerogel （AG） with four different nonionic surfactants, including fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate （FMEE）, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether （AEO₉）, alkyl polyglycoside （APG08-10）, and nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether （NP-10）. The dispersity was evaluated by sedimentation volume ratio, Zeta potential, average particle size, FT-IR and TEM. The adsorption modes for different surfactants on the surface of AG and their effects on dispersing performance were analyzed. The results showed that the best dispersion of AG system was achieved at mass fractions of FMEE, AEO₉, APG08-10 and NP-10 of 0.04%, 0.10%, 0.04% and 0.06%, respectively. The order of dispersity of surfactant-modified AG was NP-10 > AEO₉ > FMEE > APG08-10. NP-10 attracted AG particles through hydrophobic interaction and van der Waals force, with its benzene ring adsorbing vertically onto the AG particle surface via π-π stacking. The strong steric hindrance of the long polyoxyethylene （EO） chain in the liquid phase prevented adsorptive agglomeration among AG particles and thus ensured the stability of the dispersion.

Key words: SiO₂ aerogel, non-ionic surfactant, dispersion, agglomerate

中图分类号:

TQ423

万郁楠, 任真, 张一纯. 非离子表面活性剂在SiO₂气凝胶分散过程中的改性机理与性能研究[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2026, 56(4): 441-448.

Yunan Wan, Zhen Ren, Yichun Zhang. Study on the modification mechanism and performance of nonionic surfactants in the dispersion process of SiO₂ aerogels[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2026, 56(4): 441-448.

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非离子表面活性剂在SiO₂气凝胶分散过程中的改性机理与性能研究

Study on the modification mechanism and performance of nonionic surfactants in the dispersion process of SiO₂ aerogels

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