C12-14仲醇乙氧基化物的合成与性能研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2022.11.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以KOH、CH₃OK为催化剂催化C_12-14仲醇乙氧基化反应合成了环氧乙烷加合数为3的仲醇聚氧乙烯醚表面活性剂SAEO₃。评价了两种催化剂的催化C_12-14仲醇乙氧基化反应活性。系统考察了催化剂的变化对SAEO₃性能（包括表面性能、物化性能和应用性能等）的影响。并将实验室合成的SAEO₃与市售Secol-30产品的各项性能进行对比。得出的结论如下：相比于KOH催化剂，利用CH₃OK催化仲醇乙氧基化反应时，该催化剂反应活性和产物选择性较高。SAEO₃与市售Secol-30产品物化性能比较接近，CH₃OK催化得到的仲醇醚的浊点高于其他产品。SAEO₃的cmc低于市售Secol-30产品。但Secol-30降低表面张力的能力更加优越些，在较低浓度下可将水溶液的表面张力降低至28.25 mN/m。SAEO₃产品的应用性能润湿、乳化、泡沫，去污能力均优于Secol-30。该类仲醇聚氧乙烯醚属于低泡表面活性剂，无凝胶相区且去污能力优越，因此可将其应用于浓缩洗涤剂产品中。

关键词: 非离子表面活性剂, 仲醇乙氧基化物, 物化性能, 应用性能

Abstract:

A secondary alcohol polyoxyethylene ether with EO addition number of 3, SAEO₃, was synthesized by using KOH and CH₃OK as catalysts in ethoxylation reaction. The catalytic activities of both catalysts were evaluated. The effects of different catalysts on the performance of SAEO₃ （including surface properties, physical and chemical properties, application properties, etc.） were systematically investigated. The properties of SAEO₃ synthesized in the laboratory were also compared with those of the commercially available product Secol-30. The conclusions are as follows: Compared with KOH catalyst, the reaction activity and product selectivity were higher when catalyzed by CH₃OK for the ethoxylation of secondary alcohols. The physical and chemical properties of SAEO₃ were similar to those of the commercially available Secol-30, and the cloud point of the secondary alcohol ethers catalyzed by CH₃OK was higher than those of the other products. The cmc of SAEO₃ was lower than that of the commercially available Secol-30. However, Secol-30 had better ability to reduce surface tension, which could reduce the surface tension of aqueous solution to 28.25 mN/m at low concentration. SAEO₃ has no gel phase region and has superior detergency, so it can be used in concentrated detergent products.

Key words: nonionic surfactant, secondary alcohol ethoxylate, physical and chemical properties, application performance

中图分类号:

TQ423

李映雪,孙永强,周婧洁,孙晋源,梁慧斌,刘瑜琦. C_12-14仲醇乙氧基化物的合成与性能研究[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2022, 52(11): 1155-1161.

Li Yingxue,Sun Yongqiang,Zhou Jingjie,Sun Jinyuan,Liang Huibin,Liu Yuqi. Synthesis and performance study of C_12-14 secondary alcohol ethoxylates[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2022, 52(11): 1155-1161.

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参考文献 10

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样品	催化剂	羟值/（mg KOH/g）	EO加合数		w_PEG/%
样品	催化剂	羟值/（mg KOH/g）	理论值	实际值	w_PEG/%
SAEO₃	KOH	164.64	3.00	2.74	3.97
SAEO₃	CH₃OK	161.96	3.00	2.87	2.81

样品	催化剂	cmc/（mol/L）	γ_cmc/（mN/m）	Γ_max/（μmol/m²）	A_min/nm²	pc₂₀	ΔG_mic/（KJ/mol）	ΔG_ads/（KJ/mol）
SAEO₃	KOH	8.58×10^-4	28.80	0.99	1.69	5.18	-27.46	-27.91
SAEO₃	CH₃OK	1.02×10^-3	28.67	0.93	1.78	5.20	-27.04	-27.51
Secol-30		4.34×10^-4	28.25	2.81	0.59	4.78	-29.15	-29.30

样品	催化剂	润湿时间/s	乳化时间/s
样品	催化剂	润湿时间/s	大豆油	液体石蜡
SAEO₃	KOH	7.80	1 345.22	845.35
SAEO₃	CH₃OK	7.29	1 392.90	936.51
Secol-30	/	26.19	814.84	525.22

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