单十四烷基磷酸钠的pH可逆响应及回收

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2025.10.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了探究单烷基磷酸钠是否具有pH可逆响应，采用焦磷酸法合成得到单十四烷基磷酸酯（MC14P），进而用NaOH中和MC14P得到其二钠盐（MC14P-2Na）和一钠盐（MC14P-Na）。结果表明，MC14P-2Na是对pH有良好可逆响应的沉淀-溶解开关表面活性剂，在pH=11.5时，MC14P-2Na的Krafft温度（K_T）约0.4 ℃，临界胶束浓度cmc约为1.9×10^-2 mol/L （25 ℃）；在pH=6.3时，MC14P-2Na转变为水溶性较差的MC14P-Na，其K_T约47.9 ℃，表界面活性较差；当pH值在11.5和6.3之间循环改变时，MC14P-2Na与MC14P-Na之间相应地循环转变，至少10个循环未观察到任何明显的异常；基于MC14P-2Na与MC14P-Na之间依赖于pH的可逆转变特性，可以分别自胶束溶液和乳状液中将MC14P-2Na转变成MC14P-Na而回收，平均回收率分别约为96.9%和95.1%，回收所得MC14P-Na通过与NaOH作用变成MC14P-2Na实现再利用。

关键词: 单十四烷基磷酸酯, pH可逆调控, 表面活性剂回收

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to verify whether disodium monoalkyl phosphate was reversibly pH-responsive. In this work, monotetradecyl phosphate （MC14P） was synthesized by pyrophosphoric acid method, and then the disodium salt （MC14P-2Na） and monosodium salt （MC14P-Na） thereof were obtained by neutralizing MC14P with NaOH. The results showed that MC14P-2Na was a precipitation-dissolution switchable surfactant with good reversible pH response. At pH of 11.5, the Krafft temperature （K_T） of MC14P-2Na was approximately 0.4 ℃, and the critical micelle concentration （cmc） was approximately 1.9×10^-2 mol/L （at 25 ℃）; at pH of 6.3, MC14P-2Na was changed into the poorly water-soluble MC14P-Na with a K_T of approximately 47.9 ℃ and thus poor surface activity and interfacial activity; when pH was cycled between 11.5 and 6.3, corresponding cycles between MC14P-2Na and MC14P-Na were found, without abnormalities for at least 10 cycles. Based on the pH-dependent reversible change between MC14P-2Na and MC14P-Na, MC14P-2Na could be recovered from micellar solutions and emulsions by converting MC14P-2Na to MC14P-Na with average recovery rate of approximately 96.9% and 95.1%, respectively, and the MC14P-Na thus gathered could be converted back to MC14P-2Na by neutralizing with NaOH.

Key words: monotetradecyl phosphate, reversible control via pH, surfactant recovery

中图分类号:

TQ423

姚雨,邹欢金,刘雪锋. 单十四烷基磷酸钠的pH可逆响应及回收[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2025, 55(10): 1245-1251.

Yu Yao,Huanjin Zou,Xuefeng Liu. Reversible pH response of disodium monotetradecyl phosphate and how to recover it from solutions or emulsions[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2025, 55(10): 1245-1251.

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MC14P-2Na浓度/（mol/L）	溶液体积/mL	MC14P-2Na 回收率/%	水相中MC14P-2Na 残留率/%
6.0×10^-2	20.0	96.7±0.4	2.3±0.1
6.0×10^-2	30.0	96.9±0.3	2.0±0.2
6.0×10^-2	40.0	97.1±0.3	2.0±0.2
MC14P-2Na浓度/（mol/L）	乳状液的油水体积比（V_O∶V_W）和体积（mL）	MC14P-2Na 回收率/%	水相中MC14P-2Na 残留率/%
4.0×10^-2	2∶8，40.0	95.1±0.4	3.3±0.3
4.0×10^-2	5∶5，40.0	95.2±0.2	3.3±0.5