烷基羧酸甜菜碱驱油机理研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2024.02.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了探究不同甜菜碱的微观驱油机理，文章选取三种具有不同疏水烷基链长度的羧酸甜菜碱表面活性剂进行微观可视化驱油实验，并测定了界面张力和乳化性能。实验结果表明，烷基羧酸甜菜碱能够高效降低油水界面张力，促进原油原位乳化。随着烷基链长增加，界面张力进一步降低，乳化效果增强。十六烷基羧酸甜菜碱提高采收率机制包括以下两个方面：0.3% C₁₆BC可以将界面张力降至10^-2 mN/m数量级，通过乳化和弱剪切作用有效启动孔道中原油，将柱状、多孔和簇状剩余油分解形成水包油乳化油滴，提高洗油效率。同时，由于乳化油滴产生的贾敏效应叠加，C₁₆BC可产生稳定的堵塞通道效果，使残余油的水相波及效率提高了20%。C₁₆BC作为一种可以原位乳化协同自调剖的驱油剂，驱油效率较地层水驱提高42%以上，可以用于低渗油藏化学驱提高采收率。

关键词: 甜菜碱, 界面张力, 乳化, 微观可视化, 驱油机理

Abstract:

To explore the oil displacement mechanism of betaine surfactants, three alkyl carboxyl betaines with different alkyl chain lengths were selected for microscopic visualization oil displacement experiments. The oil-water interfacial tension （IFT） and the emulsification of crude oil were also measured. The experimental results showed that alkyl carboxyl betaines could effectively reduce the IFT and promote the in-situ emulsification of crude oil. With the increase of alkyl chain length, the IFT decreased and the emulsifying effect was enhanced. The mechanism of enhanced oil recovery by cetyl carboxyl betaine （C₁₆BC） included the following two aspects: 0.3% C₁₆BC could reduce the IFT to the order of magnitude of 10^-2 mN/m, effectively mobilize the crude oil in the pores through emulsification under weak shear, and break the columnar, porous and cluster remaining oil into oil droplets by formation of oil-in-water emulsion, which improved the oil washing efficiency. At the same time, due to the superposition of the Jamin effect generated by emulsified oil droplets, C₁₆BC could stably produce a channel blockage effect, which increased the sweep efficiency by 20%. As an oil displacement agent exhibiting in-situ emulsification synergistic self-profile control, the oil displacement efficiency of C₁₆BC was 42.1% higher than that of formation water flooding, which could be used to improve the recovery of chemical flooding in low-permeability reservoirs.

Key words: betaine, interfacial tension, emulsification, microscopic visualization, oil displacement mechanism

中图分类号:

TQ423

张晓杰, 张明哲, 徐志成, 宫清涛, 张磊, 张路. 烷基羧酸甜菜碱驱油机理研究[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2024, 54(2): 123-130.

Xiaojie Zhang, Mingzhe Zhang, Zhicheng Xu, Qingtao Gong, Lei Zhang, Lu Zhang. Study on oil displacement mechanism of alkyl carboxyl betaine[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2024, 54(2): 123-130.

图/表 9

参考文献 15

[1]	Kang Wanli, Zhou Bobo, Issakhov Miras, et al. Advances in enhanced oil recovery technologies for low permeability reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Science, 2022, 19 (4) : 1622-1640. doi: 10.1016/j.petsci.2022.06.010
[2]	Fang Yujia, Yang Erlong, Yin Daiyin, et al. Study on distribution characteristics of microscopic residual oil in low permeability reservoirs[J]. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2020, 41 (4) : 575-584. doi: 10.1080/01932691.2019.1594886
[3]	Tan Junling, Shen Yiding, Yang Tangying. Adaptability and application of surfactant for exploit of reservoir of crude oil with extra low permeability[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2017, 47 (10) : 554-557.
[4]	Yuan Guangyu. Research progress of the emulsification mechanism in chemical flooding and the new technology of emulsification displacement[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2019, 49 (1) : 44-50.
[5]	Feng Haishun, Kang Wanli, Zhang Liming, et al. Experimental study on a fine emulsion flooding system to enhance oil recovery for low permeability reservoirs[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2018, 171: 974-981. doi: 10.1016/j.petrol.2018.08.011
[6]	Wang Tengfei, Wang Liangliang, Wang Jiexiang, et al. In-situ emulsification synergistic self-profile control system on heavy oil reservoir development: Prescription construction and EOR mechanism investigation[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2022, 219: 111069. doi: 10.1016/j.petrol.2022.111069
[7]	Li Xiaoxiao, Yue Xiangan, Zou Jirui, et al. Effect of in-situ emulsification of surfactant on the enhanced oil recovery in low-permeability reservoirs[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2022, 634: 127991. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127991
[8]	Sun Qi, Zhou Zhaohui, Xiao Chuanmin, et al. The synergism of improving interfacial properties between betaine and crude oil for enhanced oil recovery[J]. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2023, 383: 122046. doi: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.122046
[9]	Zhou Zhaohui, Zhang Qun, Liu Yan, et al. Effect of fatty acids on interfacial tensions of novel sulphobetaines solutions[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2014, 28 (2) : 1020-1027. doi: 10.1021/ef402416j
[10]	Sun Qi, Zhou Zhaohui, Han Lu, et al. How to regulate the migration ability of emulsions in micro-scale pores: droplet size or membrane strength?[J]. Molecules, 2023, 28 (4) : 1672. doi: 10.3390/molecules28041672
[11]	Cao Jiahua, Zhou Zhaohui, Xu Zhicheng, et al. Synergism/antagonism between crude oil fractions and novel betaine solutions in reducing interfacial tension[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2016, 30 (2) : 924-932.
[12]	Sun Qi, Zhou Zhaohui, Zhang Qun, et al. Effect of electrolyte on synergism for reducing interfacial tension between betaine and petroleum sulfonate[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2020, 34 (3) : 3188-3198. doi: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c00153
[13]	Zhao Jianhui, Dai Caili, Ding Qinfang, et al. The structure effect on the surface and interfacial properties of zwitterionic sulfobetaine surfactants for enhanced oil recovery[J]. RSC Advances, 2015, 5 (18) : 13993-14001. doi: 10.1039/C4RA16235H
[14]	Wang Chuan, Jiang Hanqiao, Xu Fei, et al. Study on the variation of pore scale residual oil flow state based on microfluidic model[J]. Petroleum Science Bulletin, 2020, 5 (3) : 362-377.
[15]	Tian Huanhuan, Liu Fanli, Jin Xu, et al. Competitive effects of interfacial interactions on ion-tuned wettability by atomic simulations[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2019, 540: 495-500. doi: S0021-9797(18)31549-2 pmid: 30669106

Cation/（mg/L）				Anion/（mg/L）			TDS/（mg/L）
Na⁺+K⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺		Cl^-	SO₄^2-	HCO₃^-	TDS/（mg/L）
20 685.4	9 585.6	727.6		50 480.7	486.8	182.1	82 200