基于酶催化合成单甘油酯工艺优化及抑菌活性研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2023.02.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以月桂酸和甘油为原料，叔丁醇为介质，采用脂肪酶催化合成了月桂酸单甘油酯（GML），采用单因素试验验证了GML的较佳合成工艺，并研究了GML对大肠杆菌的抑制效果，结果表明，叔丁醇与甘油的质量比为1.5∶1，脂肪酶用量为12%，反应温度70 ℃，甘油和月桂酸的摩尔比为3∶1，反应时间为1.5 h为较优条件。抑菌测试表明GML对大肠杆菌有着显著的抑制作用，抑菌效果随GML质量浓度增大而增强，GML质量浓度达到16 mg/mL时抑菌圈直径不再增大，在pH=5.7的弱酸环境下的抑菌效果和抑菌率的半衰期均强于pH=7.2的中性条件，72 h时pH=5.7的环境下GML对大肠杆菌的抑菌率依旧能够保持在3.9%。

关键词: 酶催化, 脂肪酶, 月桂酸单甘油酯, 合成工艺, 抑菌效果

Abstract:

Lauric acid monoglyceride （GML） was synthesized, in which lauric acid and glycerol were used as raw materials, tert-butanol was used as the medium, and lipase was used to catalyze the reaction. Single-factor experiment was used to optimize the synthesis process of GML. The optimized conditions were as follows: The mass ratio of tert-butanol to glycerol was 1.5∶1, the amount of lipase was 12%, the reaction temperature was 70 ℃, the molar ratio of glycerol to lauric acid was 3∶1, and the reaction time was 1.5 h. The antibacterial test showed that GML had significant inhibitory effect against Escherichia coli, and the antibacterial effect was increased with the increase of mass concentration. The diameter of inhibition zone would not be further increased when the mass concentration of GML reached 16 mg/mL. The antibacterial effect and the half-life of bacteriostatic rate in the faintly acidic environment of pH 5.7 were both stronger than that in the neutral condition of pH 7.2, and the bacteriostatic rate of GML against Escherichia coli was still maintained at 3.9% in the environment of pH 5.7 at 72 h.

Key words: enzyme catalysis, lipase, lauric acid monoglyceride （GML）, synthesis process, bacteriostatic effect

中图分类号:

TQ658

李晓敏. 基于酶催化合成单甘油酯工艺优化及抑菌活性研究[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2023, 53(2): 180-186.

Li Xiaomin. Process optimization of enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of monoglyceride and its antibacterial activity[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2023, 53(2): 180-186.

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试验	脂肪酶用量/%	反应温度/℃	甘油与月桂酸摩尔比	反应时间/h	GML 含量/%
1	8	50	1∶1	0.5	50.3
2	8	60	2∶1	1	55.7
3	8	70	3∶1	1.5	65.8
4	8	80	4∶1	2	63.5
5	10	50	2∶1	1	60.9
6	10	60	1∶1	0.5	64.9
7	10	70	3∶1	2	75.8
8	10	80	4∶1	1.5	67.2
9	12	50	1∶1	0.5	70.2
10	12	60	4∶1	1	78.8
11	12	70	3∶1	1.5	83.1
12	12	80	2∶1	2	75.2
13	14	50	4∶1	2	67.1
14	14	60	3∶1	1.5	70.5
15	14	70	2∶1	1	66.2
16	14	80	1∶1	0.5	63.7
均值1	58.825	62.125	62.275	62.275
均值2	67.2	67.475	64.5	65.65
均值3	76.825	72.725	73.8	71.65
均值4	66.875	67.4	69.15	70.4
极差	18.0	10.6	11.525	9.375