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日用化学工业 ›› 2019, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (6): 351-357.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.06.001

• 基础研究 •    下一篇

糖基双子阳离子表面活性剂的合成及其性能研究

蔡坤良,程蓉,甘昌胜()   

  1. 合肥工业大学 食品与生物工程学院,安徽 合肥 230009
  • 收稿日期:2018-12-22 修回日期:2019-05-28 出版日期:2019-06-22 发布日期:2019-06-24
  • 通讯作者: 甘昌胜
  • 作者简介:蔡坤良(1991-),男,硕士研究生,电话:15056038698,E-mail: 1393291480@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    合肥工业大学应用科技成果培育计划项目资助(JZ2016YYPY0037)

Synthesis and properties of sugar-based cationic gemini surfactants

CAI Kun-liang,CHENG Rong,GAN Chang-sheng()   

  1. School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
  • Received:2018-12-22 Revised:2019-05-28 Online:2019-06-22 Published:2019-06-24
  • Contact: Chang-sheng GAN

摘要:

以葡萄糖为原料,制备了十六烷基葡萄糖酯丁二醇季铵盐双子表面活性剂(7a)、十六烷基葡萄糖酯己二醇季铵盐双子表面活性剂(7b)和十六烷基葡萄糖酯辛二醇季铵盐双子表面活性剂(7c),并对三种表面活性剂的表面活性和聚集性能进行了检测。结果表明:这三种表面活性剂均具有良好的表面活性,其中7c的cmc=1.32×10 -5 mol/L,γcmc=29.14 mN/m。连接基长度对双子表面活性剂的cmc有较大影响,随着连接基长度逐渐增加,cmc显著降低。而且,这类表面活性剂在水中均能自发形成胶束或囊泡,主要和连接基长度有关。连接基越长,则越容易形成囊泡;胶束和囊泡的形成与表面活性剂的浓度也存在一定的关系,浓度越高,越容易形成囊泡。

关键词: 糖基双子阳离子表面活性剂, 表面张力, 胶束, 囊泡

Abstract:

Three quaternary ammonium gemini surfactants based on glucose ester structure(7a, 7b and 7c)were prepared with glucose as one of the raw materials, in which the hydrophobic tails were all hexadecyl but the lengths of the methylene chains residing in the centre of the spacers were 4, 6 and 8 CH2 units, respectively. The surface activity and aggregation properties of these three gemini surfactants were determined. The results show that these three surfactants have good surface activities, among which 7c has the best surface properties(cmc = 1.32×10 -5 mol/L, γcmc = 29.14 mN/m). The length of the methylene chain in the spacer of a gemini surfactant has a great influence on the cmc, that is, the cmc is significantly decreased with the increase of the methylene chain length. Moreover, these surfactants can spontaneously form micelles or vesicles in water, which is mainly related to the length of the spacer. The longer the spacer is, the easier vesicles will be formed. The formation of micelles and vesicles also has a certain relationship with the concentration of the surfactant. The formation of vesicles will be facilitated at higher concentrations of surfactants.

Key words: sugar-based cationic gemini surfactant, surface tension, micelle, vesicle

中图分类号: 

  • TQ423