消防减阻用聚合物/表面活性剂复配体系实验探索

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2022.09.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在全球能源紧张的背景下,“过程节能”手段的探索具有重要意义。消防工作在国民经济和社会发展中占据重要地位,将添加剂湍流减阻技术引进到消防系统,在不额外增大能耗的前提下能直接提高消防水的射出速度和射程,在提高灭火效率的同时节省水泵功耗。根据消防水流特点,初步选定聚氧乙烯/十八烷基三甲基氯化铵/水杨酸钠的聚合物/表面活性剂复配体系作为研究对象,通过测试该体系的减阻性能和表面张力,证实此体系可以用作消防系统减阻添加剂,但需控制聚合物浓度。研究发现复配体系的减阻性能及表面张力表现主要依赖于聚、表分子之间的相互作用,因此聚、表分子间相互作用强的体系,才更适合用作消防减阻聚/表复配添加剂。

关键词: 消防减阻, 过程节能, 聚合物/表面活性剂复配体系, 减阻性能, 表面张力

Abstract:

With the global energy scarcity, the exploration of process energy conservation method is of great significance. The fire fighting plays an important role in the national economy and social development. If the techniques of drag reduction by additives are applied to the firefighting system, the jet velocity and range of firefighting water can be directly increased without additional energy consumption, and consequently, the firefighting efficiency will be improved, and the power consumption of fire pumps will be reduced. According to the characteristics of fire water flow, polyethylene oxide （PEO）, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride （OTAC） and sodium salicylate （NaSal） were chosen to be mixed as the drag reduction additives for the firefighting system. The drag reduction ability and surface tension of the mixed PEO/OTAC/NaSal solution were experimentally tested under different conditions. The results show that the PEO/OTAC/NaSal mixture is suitable for the firefighting system as the drag reduction additives, however, the PEO concentration must be controlled. Meanwhile, it is found that the drag reduction ability and surface tension of PEO/OTAC/NaSal solution mainly depend on the interactions between PEO and OTAC. Therefore, the mixture with strong interactions between polymer and surfactant molecules is more suitable for the firefighting system as drag reduction additives.

Key words: firefighting flow drag reduction, process energy conservation, mixed system of polymer and surfactant, drag reduction ability, surface tension

中图分类号:

TQ423

贺文云,徐娜,李小坤,张瑾渊,吕耀东,张兴芳. 消防减阻用聚合物/表面活性剂复配体系实验探索[J]. 日用化学工业, 2022, 52(9): 913-919.

He Wenyun,Xu Na,Li Xiaokun,Zhang Jinyuan,Lv Yaodong,Zhang Xingfang. Experimental exploration on applicability of the mixture of polymer and surfactant as the drag reduction additives for firefighting system[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2022, 52(9): 913-919.

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ρ/（mg/L）	σ/（mN/m）	（σ_PEO+OTAC-σ_OTAC）/σ_OTAC/%
30 OTAC+30 NaSal	26.5	2.3
16 PEO+30 OTAC+ 30 NaSal	27.1	2.3
50 OTAC+50 NaSal	25.2	9.1
27 PEO+50 OTAC+ 50 NaSal	27.5	9.1
75 OTAC+70 NaSal	25.5	5.1
40 PEO+75 OTAC+ 70 NaSal	26.8	5.1
150 OTAC+150 NaSal	26	13.5
80 PEO+150 OTAC+ 150 NaSal	29.5	13.5