高效液相色谱法检测人参化妆品制剂中6种人参皂苷含量

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.05.016

Abstract

Abstract:

In this study, a synchronous quantitative analytical method for six ginsenosides （Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rg1） in ginseng cosmetics using high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） was established. The method uses 80% ethanol solution as the extraction solvent. Matrix interference is eliminated by degreasing with petroleum ether combined with extraction with water-saturated n-butyl alcohol, and the thermosensitive components are protected by temperature-controlled concentration. Samples were ultrasonically extracted at 40 ℃ for 40 min （power 300 W, frequency 40 kHz）, with vortexing for 10 s every 10 min. A Kinetex C18 chromatographic column with a core-shell structure （100 mm×2.1 mm, 2.6 μm） was used, and gradient elution was performed with acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution as the mobile phase （the proportion of acetonitrile increases from 18% to 55% within 0-35 min）, which achieved baseline separation of the six ginsenosides within 35 min at a wavelength of 203 nm. Method validation shows that the relative standard deviation （RSD） of intra-day precision is 1.72%-4.65%, and the RSD of inter-day precision is 2.24%-4.59%, both less than 5%. Linear regression analysis shows that the correlation coefficients （r） of the six ginsenosides are all greater than 0.999, the limit of detection （LOD） ranges from 0.11 to 0.23 μg/mL, and the limit of quantification （LOQ） ranges from 0.33 to 0.70 μg/mL. The average recoveries of the six ginsenosides at different spiked mass concentrations range from 95.73% to 104.65%, with RSDs all less than 5%. Using this optimized HPLC method, this study quantitatively analyzes the six ginsenosides in 10 commercially available ginseng cosmetics （including essences, creams, and lotions）. The results show that Rb1 is the dominant ginsenoside, and the total ginsenoside content in creams （average 471.0-552.7 μg/g） is higher than that in essences （average 178.7-418.4 μg/g） and lotions （average 212.1-347.6 μg/g）. This method, which combines triple purification with rapid separation, significantly improves detection efficiency and overcomes interference from the cosmetic emulsion system, providing technical support for quality control of the functional components of ginseng.

Key words: high performance liquid chromatography, ginseng, cosmetics, ginsenosides, synchronous quantitative analysis

CLC Number:

TQ658

Song Qin, Songbin Li. Determination of the contents of six ginsenosides in ginseng cosmetic preparations by high performance liquid chromatography[J].China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2026, 56(5): 687-694.

Figures/Tables 8

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Tab.1

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Tab.5

References 12

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ρ（μg/mL）	重复	ρ_实测/（μg/mL）
ρ（μg/mL）	重复	Rb1	Rb2	Rc	Rd	Re	Rg1
5	1	5.06	4.87	5.12	4.91	4.74	4.89
	2	4.72	5.14	5.39	4.99	5.03	4.83
	3	4.89	4.99	4.96	5.24	5.05	4.67
	4	4.73	4.63	4.72	4.99	5.00	4.89
	5	5.18	4.89	4.91	5.03	4.83	5.00
	6	4.94	5.12	4.90	4.99	5.25	5.01
	RSD/%	3.69	3.82	4.60	2.24	3.60	2.56
50	1	50.17	52.56	49.01	47.90	51.24	47.72
	2	51.15	50.23	47.95	51.16	50.68	52.37
	3	50.93	49.91	51.26	50.63	50.06	48.89
	4	49.27	47.51	48.08	52.77	50.25	50.50
	5	50.61	50.48	47.65	50.36	48.65	49.75
	6	51.81	51.19	50.22	51.14	50.99	50.53
	RSD/%	1.72	3.31	2.94	3.14	1.84	3.18
100	1	94.82	100.40	102.39	101.66	95.73	93.34
	2	99.95	102.39	102.41	102.05	104.80	103.99
	3	97.83	96.92	100.15	98.78	104.58	99.29
	4	95.51	99.62	94.40	102.74	99.43	95.95
	5	96.17	100.28	100.85	100.66	99.41	102.83
	6	104.09	94.63	99.89	110.24	104.71	104.80
	RSD/%	3.55	2.82	2.95	3.84	3.76	4.65

ρ（μg/mL）	重复	ρ_实测/（μg/mL）
ρ（μg/mL）	重复	Rb1	Rb2	Rc	Rd	Re	Rg1
5	D1-1	4.92	5.15	4.88	4.97	4.92	4.87
	D1-2	5.09	5.02	4.91	5.02	5.08	5.35
	D2-1	5.14	4.78	4.95	5.26	4.83	5.12
	D2-2	5.12	4.98	4.91	4.76	4.90	5.13
	D3-1	5.15	5.18	5.22	4.99	5.08	5.01
	D3-2	4.90	5.00	5.27	5.11	5.20	5.15
	RSD/%	2.24	2.85	3.46	3.29	2.80	3.12
50	D1-1	52.09	49.71	49.79	50.78	48.74	52.05
	D1-2	49.05	47.43	51.74	47.02	47.88	51.44
	D2-1	53.34	51.62	48.12	48.30	49.95	48.67
	D2-2	48.85	50.14	49.13	46.79	49.54	49.59
	D3-1	51.25	50.42	48.66	49.38	47.08	49.48
	D3-2	50.10	49.26	47.82	50.46	51.81	52.15
	RSD/%	3.49	2.80	2.90	3.49	3.40	2.96
100	D1-1	100.21	103.18	101.26	103.74	97.29	96.86
	D1-2	99.03	95.31	102.09	103.86	92.33	101.65
	D2-1	97.96	93.91	100.38	104.85	97.63	100.39
	D2-2	99.11	103.92	99.49	97.06	101.78	97.05
	D3-1	104.54	104.59	105.09	102.65	93.35	97.75
	D3-2	98.70	99.60	93.57	105.43	99.84	94.53
	RSD/%	2.38	4.59	3.81	2.95	3.76	2.63

人参皂苷	线性范围/（μg/mL）	回归方程	r	LOD/（μg/mL）	LOQ/（μg/mL）
Rb1	1~500	y=42 105x+1 285	0.999 6	0.16	0.48
Rb2	1~500	y=38 895x+1 042	0.999 5	0.19	0.58
Rc	1~500	y=36 720x+905	0.999 4	0.23	0.70
Rd	1~500	y=34 850x+1 218	0.999 7	0.18	0.55
Re	1~500	y=40 215x+1 338	0.999 8	0.13	0.39
Rg1	1~500	y=48 655x+1 552	0.999 8	0.11	0.33

人参皂苷	ρ_加标/ （μg/mL）	ρ_实测/ （μg/mL）	平均回收率/%	RSD/%
Rb1	10	9.63，9.50，10.00，9.91，10.16，9.92	98.53	2.48
	50	46.81，50.30，49.19，47.62，48.02，53.32	98.42	4.79
	100	100.64，104.65，101.72，105.95，103.03，100.96	102.83	2.07
Rb2	10	10.33，10.00，9.97，10.01，10.01，9.67	99.98	2.09
	50	47.23，47.76，48.75，48.45，48.75，51.69	97.54	3.18
	100	107.29，105.85，101.91，104.60，104.20，104.02	104.65	1.74
Rc	10	9.98，9.81，9.78，9.72，10.05，9.98	98.87	1.35
	50	45.70，48.37，48.60，51.98，47.68，49.90	97.41	4.34
	100	101.96，100.19，94.01，99.08，96.23，102.02	98.92	3.26
Rd	10	10.00，10.16，9.55，9.70，10.00，9.52	98.22	2.72
	50	49.89，46.51，52.67，52.25，51.71，51.62	101.55	4.52
	100	103.08，103.16，99.96，96.07，102.47，97.11	100.31	3.11
Re	10	10.03，9.73，10.09，9.58， 9.70，10.17	98.83	2.46
	50	50.81，49.90，50.88，47.25，50.09，49.47	99.47	2.68
	100	101.04，95.65，100.58，94.52，100.31，100.85	98.83	2.96
Rg1	10	10.14，10.24，10.49，10.57，10.78，10.09	103.85	2.62
	50	48.82，46.70，46.08，47.75，50.82，47.03	95.73	3.61
	100	99.34，98.95，100.61，104.92，96.39，103.61	100.64	3.13

样品编号	产品类型	Rb1含量/ （μg/g）	Rb2含量/ （μg/g）	Rc含量/ （μg/g）	Rd含量/ （μg/g）	Re含量/ （μg/g）	Rg1含量/ （μg/g）	总皂苷含量/ （μg/g）
S1	精华液	152.3±4.2	48.6±1.8	32.1±0.9	25.7±0.7	86.5±2.1	73.2±1.5	418.4±11.2
S2	乳液	98.7±3.1	29.4±1.2	21.5±0.6	18.3±0.5	64.8±1.7	52.1±1.2	284.8±8.3
S3	膏霜	210.5±5.8	67.3±2.1	45.2±1.2	37.6±1.0	102.4±2.5	89.7±2.0	552.7±14.7
S4	乳液	75.6±2.4	22.1±0.9	15.8±0.4	12.9±0.3	46.3±1.1	39.4±0.9	212.1±6.0
S5	膏霜	185.2±4.9	58.9±1.7	39.7±1.0	33.1±0.8	94.7±2.3	82.5±1.8	494.1±12.5
S6	乳液	124.8±3.5	40.2±1.3	27.3±0.7	22.4±0.6	72.6±1.8	61.3±1.4	347.6±9.3
S7	精华液	63.4±1.9	18.7±0.7	13.2±0.3	10.8±0.3	38.5±1.0	33.1±0.8	178.7±5.0
S8	精华液	142.6±3.8	45.8±1.4	30.9±0.8	25.3±0.7	81.2±2.0	68.9±1.6	394.7±10.3
S9	膏霜	176.3±4.6	56.4±1.6	38.1±1.0	31.7±0.8	90.1±2.2	78.4±1.7	471.0±11.9
S10	乳液	95.1±2.8	30.2±1.0	20.4±0.5	16.9±0.4	58.3±1.4	49.7±1.1	270.6±7.2

Determination of the contents of six ginsenosides in ginseng cosmetic preparations by high performance liquid chromatography

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