离子液体表面活性剂的合成与应用(Ⅲ) ——离子液体表面活性剂的物化性能

doi:10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2017.03.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 重点介绍了离子液体表面活性剂的熔点与结构的关系。阳离子母体结构越不对称熔点越低,烷基链长增加熔点稍有提高;对阴离子型离子液体表面活性剂,阳离子的半径越大,其熔点越低;双子和Bola型离子液体表面活性剂比单疏水基离子液体表面活性剂的熔点高。室温呈液态的离子液体表面活性剂一般为黏稠液体,密度比一般有机溶剂大,在1 g/cm³左右,其表面张力为25~35 mN/m。

关键词: 表面活性剂, 离子液体, 熔点, 密度, 表面张力

Abstract: The relationship between melting point and structure of ionic liquid surfactants was emphatically introduced.The higher degree of asymmetry of structure of the parent cationic group,the lower melting point of the ionic liquid surfactants.Melting point increases slightly with increase of chain length of the alkyl group.For anionic surfactants,the melting point decreases with the increase of the radius of the cation.The melting point of Gemini and Bola surfactants is higher than that of single-tail surfactants.Under ambient temperature,ionic liquid surfactants are viscous liquid with surface tension of 25-35 mN/m.In general,density of ionic liquid surfactants is about 1 g/cm³ and higher than that of conventional organic liquid chemicals.

Key words: surfactant, ionic liquid, melting point, density, surface tension

中图分类号:

TQ423

李迎宾, 邹文苑, 杨许召, 徐清杰, 王军. 离子液体表面活性剂的合成与应用(Ⅲ) ——离子液体表面活性剂的物化性能[J]. 日用化学工业, 2017, 47(3): 126-132.

LI Ying-bin, ZOU Wen-yuan, YANG Xu-zhao, XU Qing-jie, WANG Jun. Synthesis and application of ionic liquid surfactants (Ⅲ)Physicochemical properties[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2017, 47(3): 126-132.

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