油藏条件下原油/石油磺酸盐体系的乳化相行为及其影响因素研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2025.08.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 表面活性剂的乳化相行为直接影响表面活性剂驱油时的采油效率。该文选用一种驱油用石油磺酸盐表面活性剂，研究了其在模拟油藏条件下与原油模拟油的乳化相行为，绘制了体系相图，并研究了表面活性剂浓度、温度、矿化度对油水界面性质和乳化相行为的影响。结果显示：在模拟油藏条件下，改变表面活性剂浓度和油水比，石油磺酸盐与模拟油乳化形成了W/O/W和W/O型两种乳状液，乳化性能较好。表面活性剂浓度、油水比、温度和矿化度对油/水界面性质、原油乳状液的类型、稳定性和粒径具有显著影响。油/水界面张力随温度升高而增大，界面黏弹性则随温度升高而降低；界面张力随矿化度增大先显著降低后增大。不同类型乳状液的稳定性随表面活性剂浓度和油水比增大而显著增强。提高温度使原油乳状液由W/O型逐渐转相生成W/O/W型，而提高矿化度使原油乳状液由W/O/W型逐渐转相生成W/O型。此外，提高温度与矿化度可以增加原油乳状液的稳定性，但是温度与矿化度过高又会降低其稳定性。

关键词: 原油乳状液, 表面活性剂, 相行为, 提高采收率, 石油磺酸盐

Abstract:

The phase behavior when crude oil is emulsified by surfactants can directly affect the oil recovery efficiency. Herein, a surfactant used for oil displacement, namely petroleum sulfonate, was selected. The phase behavior for the emulsions of crude oil/petroleum sulfonate under reservoir conditions was studied. The phase diagram of the system was plotted. The effects of surfactant concentration, temperature and salinity on the oil-water interface properties and emulsification behavior were investigated. The results showed that, under reservoir conditions, by changing surfactant concentration and oil-water ratio, two types of emulsions, i.e., W/O/W and W/O, were observed in the mixed system of petroleum sulfonate/simulated oil, indicative of good emulsification performance. The oil-water interface properties and the type, stability and particle size of crude oil emulsions were significantly influenced by surfactant concentration, oil-water ratio, temperature and salinity. The oil-water interfacial tension could be decreased by petroleum sulfonate. The interfacial tension between oil and water increased with increasing temperature, while the interfacial viscoelasticity decreased with the increase of temperature. The interfacial tension first decreased and then increased with the increase of salinity. The stability of emulsions of different types significantly increased with both increase of surfactant concentration and oil-water ratio. With increasing temperature, the crude oil emulsion gradually transformed from W/O emulsion to W/O/W emulsion, while increasing salinity induced the crude oil emulsion to gradually change from W/O/W emulsion to W/O emulsion. In addition, moderate increase of temperature or salinity could increase the stability of crude oil emulsions, but excessively high temperature or salinity would reduce the stability of emulsions.

Key words: crude oil emulsion, surfactant, phase behavior, enhanced oil recovery, petroleum sulfonate

中图分类号:

TQ423

张娟, 刘平, 侯晓康, 高源, 吕其超, 杨子浩. 油藏条件下原油/石油磺酸盐体系的乳化相行为及其影响因素研究[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2025, 55(8): 969-979.

Juan Zhang, Ping Liu, Xiaokang Hou, Yuan Gao, Qichao Lv, Zihao Yang. Study on the phase behavior and influencing factors for the emulsions of crude oil/petroleum sulfonate under reservoir conditions[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2025, 55(8): 969-979.

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