碱性蛋白酶洗涤性能的影响因素

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2021.11.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

碱性蛋白酶是液体洗涤剂中使用量最大的一类酶制剂,它具有广泛的肽键水解选择性,能够降解多种蛋白类污垢。不同于生物体内环境,碱性蛋白酶在液体洗涤剂中因受到各种失活因素干扰而变性,降低了去污效率,增加了使用成本。探究在复杂多变液体洗涤剂环境中影响蛋白酶洗涤性能的影响因素是提升现有蛋白酶洗涤性能的前提。文章将从碱性蛋白酶的自溶失活,螯合剂、漂白剂以及表面活性剂对碱性蛋白酶的作用四个方面揭示碱性蛋白酶在液体洗涤剂中失活的主要原因,重点讨论了表面活性剂与碱性蛋白酶的相互作用,并对未来液体洗涤剂配方中的表面活性剂种类及复配技术的发展进行了展望。

关键词: 碱性蛋白酶, 螯合剂, 漂白剂, 表面活性剂, 液体洗涤剂, 变性失活

Abstract:

Alkaline protease is one of the most widely used enzymes in liquid detergents. It has a wide range of peptide bond hydrolysis selectivity and can degrade a variety of protein souls. However, unlike the biological environment, various inactivation factors in the harsh liquid detergent environment may lead to the denaturation, performance degradation and cost increase of alkaline protease. Understanding these influencing factors in the complex liquid protease environment is necessary for further improving the washing performance of alkaline protease. This paper firstly addresses the main inactivation factors of alkaline protease in liquid detergent, such as autolysis inactivation and the effect of chelating agent, bleaching agent and surfactant. Special attention is paid to the interaction between surfactant and alkaline protease. Finally, the development of surfactant types and compounding technology in liquid detergent formulation in the future is prospected.

Key words: alkaline protease, chelating agent, bleaching agent, surfactant, liquid laundry detergent, denaturation and inactivation

中图分类号:

TQ649

王朋辉,王伟贤,杨涛,曾晖,芮泽宝,李东华,黄平. 碱性蛋白酶洗涤性能的影响因素[J]. 日用化学工业, 2021, 51(11): 1109-1117.

Wang Penghui,Wang Weixian,Yang Tao,Zeng Hui,Rui Zebao,Li Donghua,Huang Ping. Influencing factors on washing performance of alkaline protease in liquid detergent[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2021, 51(11): 1109-1117.

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代表性螯合剂	类型	蛋白酶	与钙离子的结合度	参考文献
EDTA	有机型	Bacillus mojavensis A21 protease	较强	[21]
柠檬酸盐	有机型	Bacillus lentus	较弱	[18]
硼酸盐	无机型	Bacillus cereus BG1 protease	一般	[22]
N-酰基ED3A	有机型	Subtilisin Carlsberg	较强	[23]
NTA（氨三乙酸）	有机型	Subtilisin Carlsberg	较弱	[11]
N-羟乙基亚胺二乙酸	有机型	Subtilisin Carlsberg	很强	[10]
聚丙烯酸	高分子型	Subtilisin Carlsberg	很强	[24]
马来酸-丙烯酸共聚物	高分子型	Subtilisin Carlsberg	很强	[11]

表面活性剂	种类	蛋白酶	稳定性的影响	参考文献
SDS	阴离子型	Trypsin	很强	[35]
LAS	阴离子型	Subtilisin Carlsberg	很强	[36]
AES	阴离子型	Purafect Prime	一般	[34]
Trion X-100	非离子型	Bacillus invictae	很弱	[29]
Twenn-80	非离子型	Pancreatic proteases	很弱	[37]
APEs	非离子型	Subtilisin Carlsberg	较弱	[10]
AEO	非离子型	Bacillus sp. EMB9 protease	较弱	[38]
CTAB	阳离子型	Bacillus nealsonii PN-11 protease	较强	[39]
甜菜碱类	两性离子型	α-chymotrypsin	一般	[40]