表面活性剂废水处理技术浅述

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2020.06.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

表面活性剂是一类性能优异的工业助剂,被广泛应用于工业、农业以及人们的日常生活中。然而表面活性剂使用量的日益增加以及应用后的不规范处理导致大量表面活性剂转移进入水体中,引起了一系列亟需重视的环境问题。着重介绍了表面活性剂废水的来源、组成特点、危害及其处理技术。

关键词: 表面活性剂, 废水, 处理技术

Abstract:

Surfactants are one kind of industrial additives with excellent properties, which have been widely used in industry, agriculture and daily life. However, due to the increasing usage amount and the improper disposal, a large amount of surfactants have been transferred into the water system, thus leading to a series of serious environmental problems. Herein, we have focused on the surfactant-containing wastewater. The sources, the composition characteristics, the harm to the environment, and the treatment technologies, have been introduced.

Key words: surfactant, wastewater, treatment technology

中图分类号:

TQ423

范金石,王超,郝延颖,徐桂云. 表面活性剂废水处理技术浅述[J]. 日用化学工业, 2020, 50(6): 413-418.

FAN Jin-shi,WANG Chao,HAO Yan-ying,XU Gui-yun. Brief overview of wastewater treatment technologies used for removal of surfactants[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2020, 50(6): 413-418.

图/表 1

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处理技术	优缺点	发展趋势
吸附法	高效;吸附剂难再生,成本高	开发廉价吸附材料
泡沫分离法	去除率高,运行稳定,操作简单,能耗低;COD去除率低,一般用作废水预处理	与其他技术联用
混凝法	高效,成本低;产生大量废渣污泥	开发高效絮凝剂
膜分离法	操作简单,高效;膜易污染,运行费用高,一般用作最终水处理	开发新型膜材料,克服膜污染
微电解法	应用于各种污染物的去除,设备简单,操作方便;能耗大	优化反应器
生物法	高效,处理能力大;对高浓度LAS废水处理效率低,降解不彻底	与其他技术联用
催化氧化法	处理时间短,高效;工艺流程相对复杂,操作要求较高	开发性能更好的催化剂