羟乙基纤维素接枝环氧大豆油高分子表面活性剂的合成及性能

doi:10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.09.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以羟乙基纤维素(HEC)与环氧大豆油(ESO)为原料,四氯化锡(SnCl₄)为催化剂,二甲亚砜(DMSO)为溶剂,在室温下反应制备了羟乙基纤维素接枝环氧大豆油(ESO-HEC);ESO-HEC经碱性水解后,用酸处理得到羟乙基纤维素接枝环氧大豆油水解的酸性产物(H-ESO-HEC);再通过NaOH中和H-ESO-HEC结构中的羧酸基团,得到3种H-ESO-HEC-Na高分子表面活性剂。通过FT-IR表征了3种表面活性剂酸性产物H-ESO-HEC的结构;热重测试表明H-ESO-HEC比HEC具有更好的热稳定性;动态表面张力测试表明当H-ESO-HEC-Na的质量浓度升高,动态表面张力下降,且质量浓度达到临界胶束浓度时,最小表面张力值可达29 mN/m;泡沫性能测试表明随着ESO接枝量的增多,H-ESO-HEC-Na高分子表面活性剂的起泡和稳泡能力逐渐增强;通过对H-ESO-HEC-Na水溶液/庚烷的界面张力进行测试,发现不同条件制备得到的H-ESO-HEC-Na水溶液/庚烷的最低界面张力值接近,为9.8 mN/m左右。

关键词: 表面活性剂, 羟乙基纤维素, 环氧大豆油

Abstract: Epoxidized soybean oil grafted hydroxyethyl cellulose (ESO-HEC) was synthesized through the grafting reaction between epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with stannic chloride (SnCl₄) as catalyst in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as process agent.After hydrolysis in the presence of sodium hydroxide,and the hydrolyzed product was treated with hydrochloric acid,the ESO-HEC converted into an acidic product H-ESO-HEC.Then three kinds of polymeric surfactant,H-ESO-HEC-Na,were obtained through neutralizing the carboxyl groups of H-ESO-HEC.Chemical structure of H-ESO-HEC was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis demonstrated that the thermo-stability of H-ESO-HEC was noticeably higher than that of HEC.The dynamic surface tension of the surfactant decreases as the mass concentration of surfactant increases.Furthermore,when the mass concentration of the surfactant reaches its critical micelle concentration value,the minimum surface tension could reach to 29 mN/m.The results showed that the foaming power and foam stability of the surfactants increases with the increase of ESO that was grafted on HEC.The H-ESO-HEC-Na surfactants prepared under different conditions may reduce heptane/water interfacial tension to a similar value around 9.8 mN/m.

Key words: surfactant, hydroxyethyl cellulose, epoxidized soybean oil

中图分类号:

TQ423

黄旭娟,刘鹤,商士斌,沈明贵,蔡照胜. 羟乙基纤维素接枝环氧大豆油高分子表面活性剂的合成及性能[J]. 日用化学工业, 2016, 46(9): 489-493.

HUANG Xu-juan,LIU He,SHANG Shi-bin,SHEN Ming-gui,CAI Zhao-sheng. Synthesis and performance of polymeric surfactants based on epoxidized soybean oil grafted hydroxyethyl cellulose[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2016, 46(9): 489-493.

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