静电作用构筑的四聚表面活性剂的表面活性

doi:10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.03.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 静电相互作用对离子表面活性剂的自组装行为有着重要影响。利用具有不同连接链长度的四聚季铵盐(四聚季铵碱)与月桂酸钠(月桂酸)通过静电作用构筑了一类低聚表面活性剂,并通过表面张力法和荧光探针法研究了其表面活性。结果表明:连接链长度不同的低聚表面活性剂的cmc是月桂酸钠(cmc为28.8 mmol/L)的1/24~1/5,且无盐低聚表面活性剂的cmc是月桂酸钠的1/50左右,低聚季铵根离子与月桂酸跟离子相互吸引形成了类似低聚表面活性剂的动态结构,使得体系的表面活性有了极大提高;另外,季铵离子头基之间的连接链长度对体系的性能也有重要的影响。

关键词: 离子表面活性剂, 静电相互作用, 四聚季铵盐, 表面活性

Abstract: Electrostatic interaction plays special and important role in the self-assembly of ionic surfactants.A series of oligomeric surfactant was constructed from tetrameric quaternary ammonium salt (base) of separate spacer carbon chain length and sodium laurate (lauric acid) via electrostatic interaction.Surface activity of the constructed product was investigated via its surface tension and fluorescence probe method.Test results showed that the cmc of the constructed oligomeric surfactant is 1/24~1/5 of the sodium laurate (28.8 mmol/L) while in salt free condition,the cmc becomes about 1/50.Mutual attraction between the oligomeric quaternary ammonium radical and the lauric acid radical forms a dynamic structure that is similar to oligomeric surfactant and its surface activity is greatly enhanced.Besides,the spacer carbon chain length of the tetrameric quaternary ammonium ion also displays important influence on the performance of the system.

Key words: ionic surfactant, electrostatic interaction, tetrameric quaternary ammonium salt, surface activity

中图分类号:

TQ423

田金年, 宋冰蕾, 裴晓梅, 陈燕, 陈书意, 李枢楠, 崔正刚. 静电作用构筑的四聚表面活性剂的表面活性[J]. 日用化学工业, 2015, 45(3): 121-126.

TIAN Jin-nian, SONG Bing-lei, PEI Xiao-mei, CHEN Yan, CHEN Shu-yi, LI Shu-nan, CUI Zheng-gang. Surface activity of tetrameric surfactants constructed by electrostatic interactions[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2015, 45(3): 121-126.

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