Table of Content

22 August 2020, Volume 50 Issue 8 Previous Issue    Next Issue

Basic research

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Effects of synergy on the surface activities and aggregates of surfactant mixtures HE Bin-bin,SHEN Jun,XU Hu-jun,WANG Wen-xuan 2020, 50 (8):  509-515.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2020.08.001 Abstract ( 432 )   HTML ( 17 )   PDF (1121KB) ( 507 )   The mixture of sodium N-lauroyl glutamate （SLG） and dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride （DTAC） and the mixture of SLG and dodecyl betaine （BS-12） in different ratios were studied to investigate the effects of the interactions between different types of surfactants on surface chemical properties and micelle formation. The surface chemical properties of the mixed systems with different molar ratios were investigated by regular solution theory. Laser light scattering was used to characterize the micelle distribution and average hydrodynamic radius of the mixed systems. Fluorescence probing method was used to measure micropolarity and micellar aggregation number. The results indicated that both the mixed systems showed synergy of overall enhancement. The two systems showed the best synergy when x （SLG） =50%, and the interaction between anionic and cationic surfactants was stronger. The SLG/DTAC system tended to produce single stable aggregates at a concentration of ten times cmc, but the size after mixing was smaller than that of single components. The SLG/BS-12 system formed rod-shaped micelles at a concentration of ten times cmc, and the micelle size distribution was wide. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Lecture of science and technology

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Study on the design and synthesis of amphiphilic polymers and their synergistic systems （VIII）Shear degradation and recovery characteristics KANG Wan-li,WANG Fang,YANG Hong-bin,ZHU Tong-yu,Bauyrzhan Sarsenbekuly 2020, 50 (8):  516-522.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2020.08.002 Abstract ( 226 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF (1170KB) ( 331 )   The shear degradation and recovery characteristics of amphiphilic polymers with various structure and concentration have been described, and the shear-resistance and viscosity-recovery performances of the supramolecular systems based on amphiphilic polymers have been introduced. Considering the actual oilfield factors, such as injection rate, temperature, salinity, and aging time, the shear characteristics and viscosity-recovery performance of amphiphilic polymers under the influence of various factors have been summarized. Finally, the development trend of anti-shear amphiphilic polymers has been prospected, which can provide theoretical and technical basis for the design and application of anti-shear amphiphilic polymers. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Development and application

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Effects of ions and surfactant on low-rank coal slime flotation under ultrasonic conditions SUN Xiao-le,GUO Jian-ying,XIE Zhi-xuan,ZHANG Lei,YANG Zhi-chao,LIU Sheng-yu 2020, 50 (8):  523-528.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2020.08.003 Abstract ( 226 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF (1446KB) ( 274 )   The quality of flotation depends on the different wettability between organic and mineral matter. A method was adopted in order to promote the performance of low-rank coal flotation, in which the low-rank coal slime first adsorbed calcium ions and then surfactant molecules （C12EO15） and reached adsorption equilibrium, and was finally treated by ultrasonic wave to desorb the surfactant. The results indicated that calcium ions could promote the adsorption of C12EO15 on the surface of organic matter, in which the adsorption capacity was increased from 7.14 mg/g to 7.39 mg/g. When the time of desorption treatment reached 60 s, C12EO15 molecules would desorb from the surface of organic matter but further adsorb on the surface of mineral matter. The amounts of hydrophilic and hydrophobic functional groups on the surface of organic matter both increased after desorption treatment, and the wetting heat was improved from 31.79 J/g to 32.93 J/g. As the time of desorption treatment increased, the yield and ash content of clean coal increased, respectively. When the time of desorption treatment was 30 s, the best flotation performance could be obtained, in which the yield of clean coal was 72.01% and the ash content of clean coal was 30.85%. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and characterization of active-in-cyclodextrin-in-transfersomes for combined drug transdermal co-delivery SHE Lan-lan,ZHAO Bing-tian,YANG Cheng 2020, 50 (8):  529-535.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2020.08.004 Abstract ( 329 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF (1099KB) ( 514 )   Active-in-cyclodextrin-in-transfersomes （DCTs）, which encapsulated phenylethyl resorcinol （PR） and resveratrol/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin （RSV/HP-β-CD） inclusion complexes in the phospholipid bilayer and aqueous compartments of the transfersomes, were prepared by thin film hydration using lecithin, cholesterol, and surfactant as encapsulation materials. The effects of edge activator, their concentrations and addition methods on the particle size, PDI, Zeta potential and encapsulation efficiency of DCTs were studied. Results show that the particle size of DCTs prepared by 0.012 mol/L Tween 20 is 112.43 nm, PDI is 0.16, Zeta potential is -34.90 mV, and the high entrapment efficiency of PR and RSV are achieved as 77.07% and 60.67%, respectively. Through in vitro release, transdermal, cytotoxicity and melanin content in B16-F10 cells of DCTs, it was found that DCTs achieved drug sustained release and prevented drug degradation, reduced the permeability difference of transdermal delivery of combination drugs, decreased the cytotoxicity of free drugs, enhanced the synergistic effect of the combination drug, and reduced the melanin content of B16-F10 cells. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the hair growth promotion effect of lavender essential oil and Asian mint essential oil LI Rui,ZHANG Nan,YAO Lei,LI Yu-hong 2020, 50 (8):  536-541.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2020.08.005 Abstract ( 519 )   HTML ( 13 )   PDF (1122KB) ( 482 )   The effects of lavender （Lavandula angustifolia） essential oil and Asian mint （Mentha asiatica） essential oil on hair growth were studied by cell experiment in vitro and hair loss mouse model. The effects of two essential oils on the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） and keratinocyte growth factor （KGF） of human immortalized keratinocytes were detected by cell experiment. The effects of two essential oils on hair regrowth length, histological changes of skin in depilated area, number of hair follicles, thickness of dermis, and expressions of skin VEGF and KGF were studied by mouse model. The results show that both lavender essential oil and Asian mint essential oil can promote hair elongation, increase the number of hair follicles and dermal thickness in the depilated area, and prolong the anagen hair cycle in mice. However, their mechanisms might be different. Lavender essential oil promotes the secretion of KGF, while Asian mint essential oil increases the secretion of VEGF. The results of animal experiments are consistent with those of cell experiments. It demonstrates that both lavender essential oil and Asian mint essential oil have hair-promoting effects. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the Pickering emulsifying properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles modified by lauric acid LIU Jian-ping,LI Jia-xing,WU Zhi-kang,HU Chen-yu 2020, 50 (8):  542-546.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2020.08.006 Abstract ( 333 )   HTML ( 12 )   PDF (1290KB) ( 531 )   The Pickering emulsifying properties of lauric acid-modified zinc oxide nanoparticles were studied. By adjusting the amount of lauric acid, the wettability （contact angle θ） of ZnO nanoparticles were changed, and the droplet size, phase transition and stability of the Pickering emulsions stabilized by ZnO nanoparticles with different contact angles were discussed. The results indicated that by using ZnO nanoparticles that were partially hydrophilic （three-phase contact angle of 40°-60°）, the O/W Pickering emulsion thus prepared exhibited the smallest droplet size and optimal stability. Furthermore, silicone elastic microspheres with ZnO nanoparticles on the surface were prepared under the optimal conditions by Pickering emulsion polymerization, and the particle size of silicone elastic microspheres was 5-20 μm. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the stability and protection of ellagic acid LUO Ju-wen,JIANG Xin-yuan,XU Jia-min,YANG Jia-hui,WANG Hai-jing,HE Jing-yan,WU You-hui 2020, 50 (8):  547-552.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2020.08.007 Abstract ( 1106 )   HTML ( 26 )   PDF (977KB) ( 788 )   The dispersibility of ellagic acid was improved by emulsification, and the stability of ellagic acid aqueous solution and emulsion in different treatment temperatures, ultraviolet irradiation and partial medium solutions was studied. The results show that the stability of the ellagic acid aqueous solution gradually decreased during storage. High treatment temperature, UV irradiation, inorganic salt NaCl, carboxyl cellulose sodium and other additives are not conducive to the stability of ellagic acid aqueous solution, while glycerin, β-cyclodextrin and other additives are beneficial to the stability of ellagic acid aqueous solution. The emulsification of ellagic acid can improve the stability of ellagic acid during storage. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation on the anti-acne and anti-inflammatory effects of Chinese herbal composite cosmetics LIU Ting,LIU Fang,CHEN Liang,GONG Sheng-zhao 2020, 50 (8):  553-559.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2020.08.008 Abstract ( 689 )   HTML ( 39 )   PDF (1194KB) ( 748 )   The safety and efficacy of the extract from the mixture of 5 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines and the acne care essence containing this extract were studied. In vitro bacteriostasis experiment was conducted using the acne propionibacterium. Inflammatory model of with lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced RAW264.7 mice macrophage was set up for the anti-inflammatory efficacy test. Irritation was evaluated by RBC hemolysis test. Finally, the acne care essence containing the extract from the mixtrue of five kinds of Chinese herbal medicines was evaluated in the aspects of safety （human body patch test） and acne efficacytest, and it was also compared with a best-selling acne care product containing the active ingredient of 1% salicylic acid. The results showed that the acne care essence containing the extract from the mixtrue of five kinds of Chinese herbal medicines was safe and mild and had anti-acne effect. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Protective effect and mechanism of naringin on UV-induced skin barrier damage in mice CHE Biao,WANG Jing,DENG Ming-gao,HAN Ping,CHEN Hui-xiong,DU Zhi-yun 2020, 50 (8):  560-565.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2020.08.009 Abstract ( 440 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF (1228KB) ( 360 )   The protective effect of naringin on UV-induced skin barrier damage in KM mice was studied. Twenty-five SPF KM mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: blank control group, UV model group （UV irradiation group）, positive control group （28.39 mmol/L vitamin C）, low and high-dose naringin smear groups （0.35, 3.5 mmol/L naringin）. Except for the blank control group, the other four groups of mice were simulated with sunlight ultraviolet （UVA+UVB） radiation to establish a mouse photo-damaged skin model. Before each UV irradiation, the same amount （100 μL/mouse） of naringin with the indicated dose was applied 2 h in advance. The effects of naringin on skin photodamage were investigated by testing the skin TEWL, H&E staining, Masson staining, the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and catalase （CAT）, malondialdehyde （MDA） content, and the scavenging ability of reactive oxygen species （ROS） in mice skin tissues. Moreover, immunohistochemical staining （IHC staining） of filaggrin （FLG）, involucrin （IVL） and aquaporin 3 （AQP3） was used to evaluate the skin barrier-related functions of naringin against UV-damaged skin. Compared with the model group, the skin of the naringin administration group inhibited the increase in skin epidermal thickness, and the amount of collagen in the administration group increased; the low and high-dose naringin smear group could significantly reduce the loss of water in the skin of mice with UV damage （p<0.05）. Naringin significantly increased the activity of SOD and CAT （p<0.05）, significantly reduced the content of MDA （p<0.05）, and eliminated the content of ROS in the skin of mice. IHC staining study showed that the protein expression level of FLG, IVL and AQP3 increased in the naringin-administered group （p<0.05）. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Reviews

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Study and analysis on the stability of water-in-oil emulsions ZHANG Ran-ran,DU Yu-lan,FAN Pei-hao,ZHANG Yun-xian 2020, 50 (8):  566-571.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2020.08.010 Abstract ( 705 )   HTML ( 46 )   PDF (989KB) ( 904 )   The factors that affect the stability of water-in-oil emulsions were mainly discussed. Through the analysis of emulsifiers, oil-phase raw materials, water-phase raw materials, powders and other raw material factors, as well as the process conditions such as temperature and viscosity in the preparation process, some phenomena were qualitatively explained. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Analytical methods and testing

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Determination of karanal in daily chemicals by GC-MS LIU Ting,TANG Hang-yan,ZHU Li-ping,GUO Fang-long,LIU Hai-shan,YAN Ying-peng 2020, 50 (8):  572-575.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2020.08.011 Abstract ( 348 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF (940KB) ( 435 )   A method for the determination of karanal in daily chemicals by gas chromatography mass spectrometry （GC-MS） was established. It was ultrasonically extracted by methanol as extraction solvent. After membrane filtration, the filtrate was directly determined by GC-MS, and quantitative by external standard method. The results show that the limit of quantity is 0.5 μg/g. In the range of 0.05-10 mg/L, there is a good linear relationship between the peak area and the mass concentration of karanal. The average recoveries at three spiked levels of 0.5, 5 and 10 μg/g change from 70.1% to 96.9%, and the precisions （RSD, n=6） vary from 6.0% to 6.8%. The method has the advantages of wide application, strong operability, simplicity, rapidity, accuracy and reliability, and can meet the testing requirements of karanal in daily chemical products. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Determination of methyl methacrylate in cosmetics by headspace gas chromatography ZHENG Guo-can,CHEN Jiang,WANG Jing,PENG Guang-yu 2020, 50 (8):  576-580.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2020.08.012 Abstract ( 489 )   HTML ( 12 )   PDF (1526KB) ( 708 )   A new method was developed for the determination of methyl methacrylate （MMA） in cosmetics by headspace gas chromatography （HS-GC）. After being dissolved in acetone, the samples were determined by headspace gas chromatography-hydrogen flame ionization detector （HS-GC-FID） and quantified by external standard method. The LOD and LOQ of method were 6 and 20 mg/kg, respectively. There existed a good linearity for the MMA in the mass concentration range of 10~500 mg/L, with the correlation coefficient of 0.999 7. The average recoveries of MMA in the cosmetics （water-based, powder, emulsion, oiliness） were in the ranges of 98.2%~103.0% with their RSDs of 2.8%~7.6％. The optimized method is accurate, rapid and sensitive with simple pretreatment. It has been validated by eight testing institutions , and is suitable for the determination of MMA in cosmetics （water-based, powder, emulsion, oiliness）. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics