Table of Content

22 June 2014, Volume 44 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue

Basic research

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Fabrication and performance of octyl-grafted amphiphilic alginate derivative/polyvinyl alcohol blend nanofibers by electrospinning method WEI Si-bao, ZHANG Shi-xin, LI Jia-cheng, FENG Yu-hong, ZHANG Xue-liang, LI Ke, HUANG Jun-hao 2014, 44 (6):  301-305.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.06.067 Abstract ( 289 )   PDF (2630KB) ( 476 )   Octyl-grafted amphiphilic alginate derivative (OAAD) was prepared by hydrophobical modification of sodium alginate (SA) and octyl amine.Then SA/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers and OAAD/PVA fibers were fabricated by electrostatic-spinning method.Performance of OAAD,the electrospinning solution and the electrospinning fibers were characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR),surface tensiometer,fluorescence spectrum,electrical conductivity,scanning electron microscopy and contact angle measurement.Experimental results showed that octyl amine groups have successfully grafted to the sodium alginate molecular chains.The surface tension of modified alginate is lower than SA and the critical aggregation mass concentration is reduced to 0.60 g·L-1,which improves the hydrophobicity of SA.Comparing water solubility and hydrophobic properties of SA/PVA electrospinning fibers with that of OAAD/PVA electrospinning fibers,it shows that the dissolution time of modified alginate electrospun fibers completely dissolved in the water rise from 5 h to 48 h,while their contact angle increase from 31° to 57°,which indicates that in comparison with SA/PVA electrospinning fibers,the water-resistant and hydrophobic properties of OAAD/PVA electrospinning fibers have been improved. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Studies on the rheological and breaking behaviors of viscoelastic micelles of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate LI Kai, LIU Hui-qiang, LI Jian-shan, LU Hong-jun, GU Xue-fan, YAN Yong-li 2014, 44 (6):  306-311.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.06.068 Abstract ( 320 )   PDF (2171KB) ( 406 )   Microstructure,rheological performance,breaking mechanism and recycling performance of the viscoelastic micelles prepared from anionic surfactant fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate (AES) and sodium chloride (NaCl) were investigated using the rheometer,viscometer and freeze fracture transmission electron microscopy (FF-TEM).Via measurement of physical quantities of the surfactant solution,such as shearing viscosity,shearing stress,dynamic modules,composited viscosity et al,in combination with analysis of observations from macroscopic photos and microscopic FF-TEM images,it were discovered that the micelle system shows overlapping network structure displaying good viscoelasticity.NaCl has a great impact on the formation of wormlike micelles.With the increase of NaCl concentration within a certain range,the viscosity significantly increases.The broken micelle system exhibits well-distributed droplets and could be utilized for micelle breaking through adding internal phase breaker.Reuse of the system is feasible. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Lecture of science and technology

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Properties and applications of surfactants (Ⅵ) Surfactant liquid crystal and its applications SU Peng-quan, LIU Hong-qin, XU Bao-cai, ZHOU Ya-wen 2014, 44 (6):  312-316.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.06.069 Abstract ( 413 )   PDF (800KB) ( 441 )   Formation,structural characteristics,classification and characterization methods of liquid crystal were summarized;and focused on the application of surfactant liquid crystal in the inorganic nano-materials,lubricant additives,cosmetics,oil exploitation and medicines et al. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Development and application

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Application of alkyl polyglycoside and blend of alkyl polyglycoside with other surfactants in neutral deinking DONG Ping, WANG Zheng-de 2014, 44 (6):  317-319.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.06.070 Abstract ( 269 )   PDF (824KB) ( 478 )   Deinking effect of alkyl polyglycoside (APG) as well as blend of APG with other surfactants for recycled newspaper was studied.Results showed that a blend of three surfactants,composed of APG/AES/Tween 60 with mass ratio of 60/20/20 can provide best effect,and whiteness of the recycled paper product reaches 59.2%.The optimal conditions were determined by orthogonal designed experiment as:deinking agent dosage,1%;pulping time,3 h;curing temperature,60 ℃;curing time,40 min;floatation time,30 min. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on technology for preparation of wax emulsion for paper-making YANG Cang-jun, SONG Yu-xiang, WU Liang, CHEN Wen-yi 2014, 44 (6):  320-323.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.06.071 Abstract ( 298 )   PDF (798KB) ( 544 )   Paraffin wax and polyethylene wax were used as raw materials for the preparation of modified paraffin that was further processed to prepare wax emulsion for paper-making.Effects of emulsifier and process conditions on performance of the wax emulsion were investigated.Results showed that under condition as the HLB of compounded emulsifier consisting of Tween 20+Span 40+Stearic acid is 10;the dosage of compounded emulsifier is 24%;the temperature is 90 ℃;the stirring speed is 900 r·min-1;the emulsifying time is 40 min;the prepared wax emulsion shows good stability and dispersity.It is suitable for use in paper sizing process. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Synthesis and characterization of alkyl-modified silicone elastomer gel LI Shao-long, CAO Guang-qun, YANG Cheng, SUN Pei-dong 2014, 44 (6):  324-327.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.06.072 Abstract ( 254 )   PDF (798KB) ( 305 )   Alkyl-modified polymethylhydro-siloxane (R-PMHS) was prepared by polymethylhydro-siloxane (PMHS) and 1-dodecene though hydrosilylation,with chloroplatinic acid/ethanol as catalyst.Effects of reaction temperature,reaction time and catalyst dosage on the grafting effectiveness of R-PMHS were discussed.Results showed that the suitable conditions for synthesis of R-PMHS were as follows:reaction temperature,100 ℃;reaction time,5 h;catalyst (m(chloroplatinic acid)/m(ethanol)=1/500) dosage,0.25% of the mass of 1-dodecene.Under the above said conditions,the grafting effectiveness could reach 97.27%.Then alkyl-modified silicone elastomer gel (R-SEG) was prepared with R-PMHS as matrix,vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (Vi-PDMS) as crosslinking agent,decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) as swelling agent,chloroplatinic acid as catalyst.Effect of mole ratio n(1-dodecene)/n(Si-H) on the swelling extent and oil compatibility of the R-SEG were studied.Results showed that R-SEG's swelling extent and compatibility increases with the increase of mole ratio n(1-dodecene)/n(Si-H) in the range of 0.1 to 0.4,a uniform and transparent gel forms when n(1-dodecene)/n(Si-H) reaches 0.3. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and characterization of genipin-crosslinked silk fibroin/chitosan microspheres YE Man-wen, ZENG Shu-guang, GAO Wen-feng, RONG Ming-deng, GUO Ze-hong, SHI Yong, GAN Hui-yong 2014, 44 (6):  328-332.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.06.073 Abstract ( 251 )   PDF (1443KB) ( 328 )   Genipin-crosslinked silk fibroin (SF)/chitosan (CS) microspheres was prepared by emulsion crosslinking technique.Effect of dosage of CS,SF and genipin on surface morphology,size distribution,swelling ratio and physicochemical property of the microspheres were examined.Results showed that the microspheres which prepared by 1.0 g genipin,CS 0.2 g and SF 0.2 g;0.05 g genipin,CS 0.2 g and SF 0.2 g;0.5 g genipin,CS 0.2 g and SF 0.4 g;0.5 g genipin,CS 0.2 g and SF 0.1 g;0.1 g genipin,CS 0.2 g and SF 0.1 g,are rather regularly spherical and well distributed in shape,and their average diameters are about 71.13,146.60,74.09,89.00 and 109.83 μm,respectively.Characterization from FTIR and XRD results confirmed that genipin causes the crosslinking reaction of the amino groups of SF and CS.Further,genipin could induce structure of the SF from random coil shape or α-helix shape to β-folded sheet shape. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Synthesis of butyl lactate using polyamine resin as catalyst under microwave heating LI Shan-ji, LI Wen-chao, CAO Qing-xiang, ZHANG Yun-xiao 2014, 44 (6):  333-335.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.06.074 Abstract ( 201 )   PDF (803KB) ( 355 )   Esterification of lactic acid and butyl alcohol was studied,in which polyvinyl chloride-polyethylene polyamine (PVC-PP) resin was used as catalyst and heating was conducted with microwave irradiation.The effects of microwave irradiation power,irradiation time,mole ratio of the starting materials,chemical structure of the butyl alcohol and dosage of the catalyst on the reaction were discussed.Results showed that the ester yield achieves 96.5% under conditions as amount of n-butyl alcohol 0.24 mol,amount of lactic acid 0.08 mol,dosage of the catalyst 0.5 g,power of the microwave 400 W and irradiation time 12 min.The catalyst can be used for five times without significant reduction of the product yield. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Reviews

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Progress in research work with respect to preparation and characterization of reverse vesicles LI Yi, WANG Xin-cheng, LI Yi-wei, CAO Jie, ZHAN Si-hui 2014, 44 (6):  336-342.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.06.075 Abstract ( 252 )   PDF (1681KB) ( 318 )   Preparation and characterization methods of reverse vesicles were reviewed.Phospholipids,cationic/anionic surfactant mixtures,biosurfactants,polyoxometalate-containing hybrid surfactants,sucrose esters,polyoxyethylene ethers and sphingosines can all be used to prepare reverse vesicles.Dynamic light scattering,static light scattering,small-angle neutron scattering,small angle X-ray scattering and microscopy (FF-TEM,DIC,POL,TEM,fluorescence microscopy and confocal fluorescence microscopy) can be used to characterize the prepared reverse vesicles effectively. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress on the application of new surfactant in leather industry LÜ Bin, WANG Hong-di, MA Jian-zhong, HOU Xue-yan, GAO Dang-ge 2014, 44 (6):  343-347.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.06.076 Abstract ( 243 )   PDF (827KB) ( 441 )   Performance of several kinds of new surfactants such as natural surfactants,gemini surfactants,polymer surfactants,reactive surfactants and special surfactants were briefed and the application of new surfactants in leather industry was reviewed.Existing problems about applications of new surfactants in leather industry,orientation of development as well as the future prospects of this field were outlooked. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Analytical methods and testing

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Determination of lead,arsenic,mercury and boron in talcum powder by ICP-OES SHI Guo-sheng, WANG Xiao-bing, LI Qi-yan, LI Jun-jie, YU Hai-ying, GAO Wen-chao 2014, 44 (6):  348-350.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.06.077 Abstract ( 238 )   PDF (746KB) ( 270 )   A method for the simultaneous determination of the forbidden and restricted elements lead (Pb),arsenic (As),mercury (Hg) and boron (B) in talcum powder by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) was established.After being pretreated with microwave digestion,the four forbidden and restricted elements in talcum powder were detected by ICP-OES.Results indicated that the relationship between the responds and the mass concentration of the four elements shows good linearity within the range of 0.5-6,0.05-0.5,0.02-0.2 and 2-20 mg·L-1,respectively.All the correlation coefficients are higher than 0.999.Spiked recoveries of the four elements are between 88.0% and 108.8%.This method has been applied for quick screening of forbidden and restricted elements in cosmetics,with satisfactory results. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Determination of eight kinds of whitening ingredients in cosmetics by high performance liquid chromatography LU Jun 2014, 44 (6):  351-355.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.06.078 Abstract ( 277 )   PDF (814KB) ( 467 )   An analytical method for determination of eight kinds of whitening ingredients [vitamin C magnesium phosphate,vitamin C,β-arbutin,kojic acid,hydroquinone,nicotinamide,potassium 4-methoxy salicylate and phenol] in cosmetics by using high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) was established.The sample was extracted with methanol and separation was performed on column ODS-2 HYPERSIL (250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm).Mobile phase for gradient elution was methanol-potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution with concentration of 0.02 mol·L-1.The detection results show good linearity within the range of 2-500 mg·L-1 with the correlation coefficients more than 0.998.The detection limits are in the range of 0.3-1.0 ng.The recoveries are between 91.1% and 105.0% with the relative standard deviations (RSD) of 0.12% to 3.20%. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Production and processes

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Test of adopting bimodal MWD polyethylene for manufacture of bottles containing dish washing detergent TAN Kai-jian, LÜ Zhen-wei 2014, 44 (6):  356-358.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.06.079 Abstract ( 198 )   PDF (745KB) ( 364 )   To solve the leakage problem in the transportation and selling process of 500 mL plastic bottles manufactured with 5000S polyethylene resin containing dish washing detergent,bottles made of four kinds of high density polyethylene resin,5000S,GF7750,5200S and BB2581 (bimodal MWD polyethylene) were adopted for packaging of dish washing detergent with tests for comparison of their yield strength and resistance to environmental stress conducted.The results indicated that BB2581,with the average yield strength of 420 N,displays excellent processing and application performance.The technical indices of plastic bottles made of BB2581 reaches or exceeds the manufacturer's standard.Then the quality problem of dish washing detergent product caused by packaging bottle leakage has been solved successfully. References | Related Articles | Metrics