Table of Content

22 May 2014, Volume 44 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue

Basic research

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Preparation of Pickering emulsions with SiO2 nanoparticles activated with alginate derivative CHENG Chun-feng, LI Jia-cheng, YAN Hui-qiong, LIU Ruo-lin, WANG Chun-xiu, LIN Qiang 2014, 44 (5):  241-246.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.05.054 Abstract ( 273 )   PDF (1646KB) ( 374 )   SiO2 nanoparticles were activated by octylamine modified sodium alginate via two ways,physical mixing and chemical grafting.The activated SiO2 nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR,1HNMR and DLS,et al.Then Pickering emulsions were prepared with the activated SiO2 nanoparticles under assistance of ultrasonic wave,and morphology of the emulsions was observed.Experimental results showed that octylamine side chain was successfully grafted onto the sodium alginate.The particle size of activated SiO2 nanoparticles via both physical mixing and chemical grafting ways is larger than that of unactivated SiO2 nanoparticles,and increases to 467.0 and 414.4 nm respectively.Surface potential of activated SiO2 nanoparticles changes to -43.9 and -35.2 mV respectively,which is lower than that of unactivated SiO2 nanoparticles,which shows a surface potential of -17.0 mV.Meanwhile,the activated SiO2 nanoparticles reveal better emulsifying properties,especially the nanoparticles activated by chemical grafting way could produce a more stable Pickering emulsion with better droplet dispersion,uniform size and with average particle diameter of 5 μm. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on performances of sodium N,N′-bis(lauricethylenediamine)di-propionate WU Chong-zhen, BAO Xin-yan, XU Hu-jun 2014, 44 (5):  247-251.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.05.055 Abstract ( 235 )   PDF (848KB) ( 397 )   Surface tensions of sodium N,N′-bis(lauricethylenediamine) di-propionate (DLMC),DLMC/DTAB blend system and DLMC/AEO6 blend system were determined.The surface chemical parameters of DLMC as well as the blend systems were calculated.Interaction parameters between the two kinds surfactant in surface phase as well as micelle phase of the blend surfactant systems was calculated based upon normal solution theory.Results showed that in NaBr solution with concentration of 0.1 mol·L-1 under 25 ℃,cmc of DLMC is 1.01×10-4 mol·L-1,and γcmc is 30.3 mN·m-1.The γcmc,cmc and Amin of DLMC/DTAB blend system all are smaller than that of the single surfactant component in the blend system.The γcmc,cmc and Amin of DLMC/AEO6 blend system decrease at first,and then increase with the further addition of DLMC.The two blend systems exhibit synergic effect in both surface tension reduction capacity and efficiency,as well as capacity for formation of mixed micelles. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Lecture of science and technology

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Performance and applications of surfactants (Ⅴ) Liposome and its applications SU Peng-quan, ZHAO Li, XU Bao-cai, ZHOU Ya-wen 2014, 44 (5):  252-256.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.05.056 Abstract ( 381 )   PDF (789KB) ( 598 )   The concept of liposome was introduced briefly,and then the preparation methods were summarized.The characteristics of drug carrying and principles of targeting were described,followed by several novel kinds of liposome.Finally,the applications in targeted drug delivery were summarized. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Development and application

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Preparation of styrene-acrylate cationic microemulsion surface sizing agent LI Heng, XU Zhao-hua 2014, 44 (5):  257-260.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.05.057 Abstract ( 282 )   PDF (1106KB) ( 584 )   Adopting cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as surfactant,n-pentanol as auxiliary emulsifier,methacryloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride (DMC) as cationic monomer,2,2′-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane] dihydrochloride as initiator,with mass ratio of the reactants of styrene/methyl methacrylate/butyl acrylate/methacrylic acid/DMC monomer of 3.4/21.3/28.4/35.5/11.4;under agitation speed of 180-230 r·min-1 and polymerization temperature of 70-75 ℃,the cationic styrene-acrylate microemulsion was prepared.The product was characterized by FTIR and differential scanning calorimeter.Average particle size was measured as 48 nm.Application test of the prepared styrene-acrylate microemulsion on surface sizing of paper showed that the water resistance Cobb (30 s) value achieves 16.5,and tensile strength and surface strength of the paper increases 35.0% and 40.6% respectively as compared with that before the sizing. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and application of polysiloxane defoamer WANG Min, GUO Rui, LIU Long-wei, WANG Er-meng, XIE Chuan-mei, SONG Yan-yan 2014, 44 (5):  261-265.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.05.058 Abstract ( 306 )   PDF (968KB) ( 576 )   A kind of modified silicone oil (PMS) was synthesized by hydrosilylation with allyl alcohol polyethoxy polypropoxy ether (FB),lauryl methacrylate (LMA) and hydrosilicone oil (PHMS) as starting materials,as well as chloroplatinic acid as catalyst.Optimum reaction conditions were investigated via orthogonal designed experiments as:molar ratio,n(Si-H)∶n(C=C)=1∶1.20;dosage of catalyst,30 μg·g-1;reaction temperature,90 ℃ for 6 h.Under these conditions,the conversion achieves 93.45%.The polysiloxane defoamer was prepared by emulsifying of aqueous phase into the oil phase,which was composed of silicone oil paste,blended emulsifying agent and the prepared PMS in a high speed shearing emulsification mixer.The optimized formulation was obtained via application tests as:mass fraction of silicone oil paste,10%;mass fraction of PMS,6%;and mass fraction of blended emulsifying agent (composed of Span 60,Tween 60 and OP-10 with mass ratio of 3∶2∶1), 4%.The polysiloxane defoamer product shows good stability and its defoaming property and foam inhibition property is superior to other similar products. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of toothpaste containing hydroxyapatite on restoration of early stage caries and cadmium ion adsorption MA Wei-qun, HUANG Jian-sheng, XU Ping-ping 2014, 44 (5):  266-269.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.05.059 Abstract ( 312 )   PDF (976KB) ( 409 )   Models of tooth with early stage caries were treated with suspension of toothpaste containing hydroxyapatite (HA).The effect of re-mineralization of tooth enamel surface was assessed by scanning electron microscopy and microhardness value measurement.Cadmium ion solutions with initial mass concentration of 0.2 mg·L-1 were mixed with toothpaste suspensions with and without addition of HA respectively and then been kept still for 24 h.The residual cadmium ion mass concentration of the supernatant was measured by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer and the adsorption effect of cadmium ion was calculated.Results showed that the toothpaste containing HA could significantly re-mineralize and improve the microhardness of artificial enamel caries.The Vicker's hardness values were 253.87±5.66 and 291.90±10.37 in HA group,higher than that of 199.73±7.11 and 200.07±9.84 in control group (P<0.05).The adsorption rate of cadmium ion of toothpaste containing HA is higher than that of the control group. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study of suspension stability of mica titanium dioxide pearl pigment in hair shampoo system CHEN Xiao-kang, XU Ka-qiu, MA Hong-peng, LU Er-kai, ZHANG Zhen 2014, 44 (5):  270-272.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.05.060 Abstract ( 608 )   PDF (791KB) ( 457 )   In order to improve the suspension stability of mica titanium dioxide pearl pigment in hair shampoo system,five kinds of surface modifiers were used for the surface modification of mica titanium dioxide pearl pigment.Experimental results showed that octadecanol can effectively improve the suspension stability of mica titanium dioxide pearl pigment in hair shampoo base.In appropriate modification conditions,the initial settling time increased from 0.2 to 2.2 h,fully settling time increased from 6.0 to 46.5 h. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of composite UV absorbent in sun-screening cosmetics CHEN Qing-sheng, MENG Xiao, GONG Sheng-zhao, KONG Sheng-zhong, SUN Yong 2014, 44 (5):  273-277.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.05.061 Abstract ( 302 )   PDF (793KB) ( 450 )   Ultraviolet spectrophotometry for selecting and compounding of 16 kinds of natural UV absorbents was studied.Results showed that a blend composed of extract of equal mass of Chinese traditional herb medicines namely,Basil,Tsaoko,Coltsfoot flower,Alpinia,Linden tree flower,Sage and Sophora japonica displays good UV protection effect.Meanwhile,chemical UV absorbents were also studied to find an optimized UV absorbing formulation.Combination and amount of chemical UV absorbents were optimized as follows:ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate,7.0%;octocrylene,2.0%;diethylamine hydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate,3.0%.The application research was done,and results showed that when 5% of the UV absorbent blend made of Chinese traditional herb medicines is compounded with the optimized blend made of chemical UV absorbent combination,the SPF and PFA value of application product achieves 31.1 and 8.7 respectively,which meets the required effect of protection from broad-spectrum UV and the skin irritation of the product reduces significantly. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on safety of extract of Ovateleaf Holly Bark XU Chun-sheng, XU Wen-xia 2014, 44 (5):  278-281.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.05.062 Abstract ( 435 )   PDF (805KB) ( 346 )   For evaluating the safety of the extract of Ovateleaf Holly Bark that adopted in toothpaste,the acute toxicity test,sub-chronic toxicity test,salmonella typhimurium/reverse mutation assay,mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test,oral mucosa impact test and gingival mucosa impact test were conducted.Test results showed that the extract of Ovateleaf Holly Bark belongs to practically non-toxic grade material,and there is no danger of gene mutation and chromosome aberration,no stimulation to mouth mucosa and gingiva.So it can be safely applied to oral care product. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Catalytic synthesis of ethyl 2-benzylacetoacetate WANG Shu-qing, WANG Xin-ran, GAO Chong 2014, 44 (5):  282-284.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.05.063 Abstract ( 245 )   PDF (748KB) ( 378 )   Ethyl 2-benzylacetoacetate was synthesized with ethyl acetoacetate,benzyl chloride and potassium hydroxide as starting materials and tetrabutylammonium bromide as phase transfer catalyst.Effects of reaction time,reaction temperature,catalyst dosage and the molar ratio of the reactants were examined.Results showed that under the optimized reaction conditions as:mole ratio,n(ethyl acetoacetate)∶n(benzyl chloride)∶n(KOH)∶n(H2O)∶n(tetrabutylammonium bromide)=1∶1.15∶1.2∶7.4∶0.012;reaction temperature,100 ℃ for 5 h;yield of the product reaches 90.54%. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Reviews

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Recent progress in research work with respect to bolaform surfactants CHEN Peng, ZHENG Cheng, MAO Tao-yan, ZHANG Li-ping 2014, 44 (5):  285-291.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.05.064 Abstract ( 309 )   PDF (2061KB) ( 492 )   Synthesis and applications of bolaform surfactants were presented,with their unique structure and performance demonstrated.Detailed methods for preparation of cationic,anionic,zwitterionic and nonionic bolaform surfactants were described.Meanwhile,their uses in the construction of ion channel,gene transfection,and preparation of nano materials and so on were summarized.Their future applications in the industrial fields were prospected. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Analytical methods and testing

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Determination of hydrogen content in hydrogen containing silicon oil and polyether silicon oil LI Chun-jing, TIAN Li-ying, LÜ Jing, QI Guang-hui, LI Yan, LIU Wen-qing 2014, 44 (5):  292-294.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.05.065 Abstract ( 773 )   PDF (815KB) ( 511 )   The determination of hydrogen content in hydrogen containing silicon oil and polyether silicon oil was conducted with Lunge apparatus,which is originally designed for determination of nitrogen content in organic materials.Its principle is based on the reaction between NaOH and Si-H bond with generation of hydrogen gas and the volume of the hydrogen gas is accurately measured.Then the hydrogen content can be determined via gas equation calculation.The results were compared with that obtained from chemical analysis method and showed that the relative deviation is less than 3.3%,which denotes that the method is satisfactory in practice. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Simultaneous determination of 15 kinds of glucocorticoid and sex hormone in cosmetics by GPC-LC-MS/MS CUI Han, SHEN Bao-zhen, CHEN Xi, CAO Wen-jun, LIU Meng-yao, HUANG Da-liang 2014, 44 (5):  295-298.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.05.066 Abstract ( 295 )   PDF (799KB) ( 304 )   A method for the simultaneous determination of residue of 15 kinds of glucocorticoid and sex hormone in cosmetics by gel permeation chromatography-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GPC-LC-MS/MS) was established.The sample was extracted with acetonitrile under ultrasonic assistance,and the extract was purified with GPC column of cyclohexane-ethyl acetate.Then the contents in the purified extract were separated by a C18 column with acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid solution as the mobile phase,and then detected by LC-MS/MS.Testing results showed that good linearity was obtained with correlation coefficients higher than 0.995.The detection limit ranges within 0.1-4.0 mg·kg-1.The spiked recovery ranges within 70.0%-104.0%,and the RSD ranges within 5.3%-15.5%. References | Related Articles | Metrics