Table of Content

22 March 2014, Volume 44 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

Basic research

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Synthesis and surface activity of dissymmetric surfactants containing a sulfonic and a hydroxyl group HOU Lu, HU Zhi-yong, JIANG Xin-xin, JIAN Feng-tian 2014, 44 (3):  121-125.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.03.028 Abstract ( 266 )   PDF (924KB) ( 382 )   Three dissymmetric surfactants containing a sulfonic and a hydroxyl group with different length of carbon chain (XSOHC6,XSOHC8 and XSOHEC8) were synthesized with cyanuric chloride,three different kinds of fatty amine,taurine and ethanolamine as starting materials.Structure of the targeted products was characterized by 1HNMR,ESI-MS and elemental analysis.Surface activity of the surfactants was measured by Wilhelmy plate method.The critical aggregation number of micelle (Nm) was determined by steady-state fluorescence probe method.The cmc of XSOHC6,XSOHC8 and XSOHEC8 is 8.1×10-4,2.1×10-6 and 8.5×10-5 mol·L-1,γcmc of them is 33.0,27.6 and 28.2 mN·m-1,and Nm of them is 18,11 and 18 respectively.The results of the study showed that such dissymmetric surfactants have rather good surface activity. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on adsorption of uranium onto bentonite modified by cysteine hydrochloride WANG Guang-hui, HU Su-hang, HAN Chen 2014, 44 (3):  126-130.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.03.029 Abstract ( 264 )   PDF (793KB) ( 397 )   Using bentonite as raw material,the modified bentonite was prepared by ion exchange reaction of bentonite with cysteine hydrochloride.Uranium adsorption behavior of the modified bentonite,as well as effect of initial mass concentration and pH on the adsorption were investigated and described.Adsorption isotherms,adsorption thermodynamics and adsorption kinetics of uranium onto modified bentonite were also studied.The results showed that the adsorption capacity of the modified bentonite for uranium is significantly higher than that of unmodified bentonite.The adsorption pattern of uranium onto the modified bentonite follows the Langmuir model very well,and the maximum adsorption capacity of the modified bentonite is 39.06 mg·g-1.The adsorption process is an endothermic reaction and higher temperature is favorable for adsorption of uranium.The pseudo-second-order kinetics model was used to describe the adsorption process,and the adsorption kinetics constant was found to be 0.017 90 g·mg-1·min-1. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Lecture of science and technology

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Performance and applications of surfactants (Ⅲ) Phase transfer catalytic action of surfactants and its applications WANG Nan, ZHAO Li, XU Bao-cai, ZHOU Ya-wen 2014, 44 (3):  131-134.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.03.030 Abstract ( 366 )   PDF (778KB) ( 471 )   Mechanism for action of phase transfer catalyst (PTC),including liquid-liquid PTC,solid-liquid PTC,three-phase PTC and reverse phase PTC as well as types of commonly used surfactant were reviewed with some practical application examples presented.Currently existing problems and outlooks for applications in this field were prospected. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Development and application

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Synthesis and properties of N,N′-didodecylacetamidinium bicarbonate ZHANG Ting, DAI Li, JIANG Jian-zhong, CUI Zheng-gang 2014, 44 (3):  135-138.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.03.031 Abstract ( 213 )   PDF (778KB) ( 381 )   Under the atmosphere of nitrogen,N,N′-didodecylacetamidine was synthesized by reacting triethyl orthoacetate with dodecylamine,followed by bubbling CO2 through ether with existence of small amount of water,the switchable surfactant N,N′-didodecylacetamidinium bicarbonate was produced.IR,MS and 1HNMR were used to characterize its structure.The critical micelle concentration tested in water by ring method is 7.08×10-5 mol·L-1 and γcmc is 28.96 mN·m-1.It shows a good performance in reducing the surface tension of water.Switching performance was tested and confirmed by conductivity. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Stability of alkaline protease in liquid laundry detergent KANG Lin-xia, ZHANG Jian, QIN Jie, ZHANG Sheng 2014, 44 (3):  139-142.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.03.032 Abstract ( 300 )   PDF (3206KB) ( 340 )   Based upon the host-guest recognition between α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) and poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) (F108),a kind of self-assembly hollow nanospheres that can encapsulate alkaline protease in aqueous solution for improving stability of the enzyme was prepared.Test results showed that,after storing of 7 d,activity of the encapsulated enzyme formulated in the liquid laundry detergent is twice of that without the encapsulation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and application performance of proanthocyanidin liposome for cosmetics GUO Fang, HU Guo-sheng, XI Zhao-hui, WANG Yi-yu, LIN Miao 2014, 44 (3):  143-146.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.03.033 Abstract ( 356 )   PDF (1090KB) ( 500 )   Proanthocyanidin liposome for cosmetics was prepared by reverse phase evaporation method.Effect of mass ratio of proanthocyanidin to lecithin and dosage of PEG 1500 on stability and extent of the encapsulation of the liposome product were examined.Results showed that the extent of encapsulation increases firstly and then decreases later as the increase of both mass ratio of proanthocyanidin to lecithin and the dosage of PEG 1500.Under conditions of m(proanthocyanidin)∶m(lecithin)=1∶20 and m(lecithin)∶m(PEG 1500)=3∶1,the extent of encapsulation achieves 77.28%,with an average value of particle size of 144.9 nm.The morphology of the liposome particle is spherical or ellipsoidal as observed by transmission electron microscope.In addition,the moisturizing performance of the liposome under optimal conditions was also studied.The results proved that the moisture retention performance of proanthocyanidin liposome is significantly better than that of proanthocyanidin solution without encapsulation of the liposome. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Synthesis of menthyl menthylformate YUE Hai-bo, LIANG Ya, CHEN Yi-kun, DAI Li, GUO Chun-sheng, ZHANG Jun-song 2014, 44 (3):  147-150.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.03.034 Abstract ( 292 )   PDF (751KB) ( 399 )   Firstly,menthyl formic acid and thionyl chloride were used as starting materials to prepare menthyl formyl chloride and then menthyl menthylformate was prepared via the reaction of the menthyl formyl chloride and menthol,with anhydrous pyridine as solvent as well as acid absorbing agent.Single factor tests as well as orthogonal designed tests were carried out and the optimal reaction conditions were identified as:mole ratio of the chemical reagents,n(menthol)∶n(menthyl formic acid)=1∶1.5,n(menthol)∶n(pyridine)=1∶6;reaction temperature,60 ℃ for 3 h.Under such conditions,the average yield achieves 83.91%.Structure of the targeted product was characterized by IR,1HNMR and MS.Via sensory evaluation,the targeted product shows good cool feeling and its threshold value achieves 1.5 mg·L-1.A filter paper strip impregnated with 100 mg·L-1 solution of the targeted product can maintain cool feeling in mouth for 20 min. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Reviews

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Progress in research work with respect to photosensitive surfactant micelle system YU Li-cheng, CHEN Jie, FANG Bo, LÜ Ting-yang, WANG Jin-shuang, JIN Hao 2014, 44 (3):  151-154.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.03.035 Abstract ( 344 )   PDF (751KB) ( 578 )   Progress in research work with respect to photorheological micelles,including photothinning fluids,photogelling fluids and reversible photorheological micelle system was reviewed.Mechanism for formation of photosensitive micelle system was described.Further concerning research work and applications in this field were prospected. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in research work on synthesis and application of reactive quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactants HUANG Ying-hong, ZHENG Cheng, LIN Jing, MAO Tao-yan, XU Yun-huan, CHEN Rui-lan 2014, 44 (3):  155-162.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.03.036 Abstract ( 423 )   PDF (971KB) ( 420 )   Methods for synthesis of reactive quaternary ammonium salt surfactants were systematically summarized.According to the features of molecular structure,various types of reactive quaternary ammonium salt surfactant were classified and compared.Methods for synthesis of several types of reactive quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactants with specific functional groups (double bond,epoxy,hydroxy and amide) were introduced.Industrial applications of the surfactants,such as corrosion inhibiting and anti-scaling agent,solubilizing and sensitizing agent,co-polymerizable emulsifier,clay stabilizer,sheet softener as well as phase transfer catalyst were expounded.Currently existing deficiencies of the reactive quaternary ammonium salt surfactants and the development trend was prospected. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current status of research work with respect to effect of ginseng in make up and hair care cosmetics ZHANG Rui, YAN Mei-xia, XU Shi-quan, WANG Ying-ping 2014, 44 (3):  163-166.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.03.037 Abstract ( 474 )   PDF (748KB) ( 619 )   Results from research work with respect to percutaneous absorption of ginseng were briefed.There are significant differences in view of percutaneous absorption action between various kinds of ginsenoside.Mechanism for anti-aging action and process of whitening action on skin,as well as care actions on hair and scalp of ginseng were emphatically summarized.Suggestions for further development of ginseng formulated cosmetics were put forward. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Analytical methods and testing

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Total component analysis of α-capric betaine product prepared from α-chloro fatty acid MEI Jie, ZHANG Yong-min, LIU Xue-feng, FANG Yun 2014, 44 (3):  167-170.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.03.038 Abstract ( 250 )   PDF (777KB) ( 353 )   α-Capric betaine (CB) was prepared from α-chlorododecanoic acid (CDA) and trimethylamine (TMA) as starting materials.The content of CB in the product was analyzed adopting HPLC-ELSD method.The residual fatty acids containing in the product were extracted with Soxhlet extractor and then the relative content of dodecanoic acid (DA),CDA and α-hydroxydodecanoic acid (HDA) in the residual of fatty acid extract were further analyzed with gas chromatography (GC).Results showed that,using a solution composed of V(methanol)∶V(water)=7∶1 as the mobile phase of HPLC-ELSD,the linear relationship,the reproducibility and the accuracy were good and the signal separation is high in the mass concentration range of 0.004-0.08 g·L-1;the residual fatty acids can be completely extracted with petroleum ether (60-90 ℃) as the solvent of Soxhlet extraction,and the relative content of DA,CDA and HDA can be quantitatively analyzed using GC. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of hexyl glucoside by 1HNMR FU Lu, WANG Wan-xu, DU Zhi-ping, WANG Tian-zhuang, LIU Xiao-ying 2014, 44 (3):  171-173.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.03.039 Abstract ( 238 )   PDF (1635KB) ( 482 )   The various components in hexyl glucoside (APG-06) product sample were separated by thin layer chromatography (TLC),and identified by 1HNMR.Results showed that when mobile phase consists of V(CHCl3)∶V(CH3CH2OH)∶V(NH3·H2O)=19∶13∶1,the APG-06 product can be separated into five parts:unreacted alcohol,monoglucoside,diglucoside,triglucoside and polyglucosides that are higher than tetraglucoside. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of components in perfumery by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry YAO Lin-jiang, WANG Lin, CHEN Ling, LI Jian-zheng 2014, 44 (3):  174-179.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.03.040 Abstract ( 266 )   PDF (4063KB) ( 419 )   For analysis of composition of perfumery product,two detection technologies,one-dimensional gas chromatography+time-of-flight mass spectrometry (1DGC TOF-MS) and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography+time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC TOF-MS) were applied.Conventional components in perfumery product were identified and classified.Results showed that 1DGC TOF-MS can identify 172 compounds with high matched results with MF>750 when matched with dedicated standard library.Among these compounds,they are constituted of 34 terpenes,25 alcohols,37 esters,15 ethers,23 ketones,12 aldehydes,26 acids and other heterocyclic compounds.While by the help of automatic processing of software and manually deduct background,GC×GC TOF-MS can identify 722 compounds with matched results MF>750,and those compounds are classified 125 terpenes,168 alcohols,79 esters,92 ketones,33 aldehydes,225 heterocyclic and alkane compounds. References | Related Articles | Metrics