Table of Content

22 August 2017, Volume 47 Issue 8 Previous Issue    Next Issue

Basic research

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Synthesis and performance of Gemini surfactant N,N′-bis(dodecyl)-1,4-xylylene diamine propionate acid ZHAO Lin-xiu, LI Gang-sen, WANG Ping, SHEN Ya-mei 2017, 47 (8):  421-424.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2017.08.001 Abstract ( 266 )   PDF (786KB) ( 370 )   Gemini surfactant N,N′-bis(dodecyl)-1,4-xylylene diamine propionate acid was synthesized from dodecylamine,methyl acrylate and p-xylylene dichloride as starting materials with trichloromethane as solvent.The chemical structure of the product was characterized by 1H NMR and 13C NMR.Performance of the product at (25±1) ℃ were studied and the results show that when the pH value is separately prepared at 8,10 and 12,the critical micellar concentration (cmc) is 1.6×10-5,3.3×10-5 and 2.1×10-5 mol/L respectively;the surface tension (γcmc) is 32.39,33.24 and 36.94 mN/m;the pc20 is 2.56,2.14 and 2.09;the Γmax is 3.45×10-6,3.97×10-6 and 4.34×10-6 mol/m2;the Amin is 0.48,0.42 and 0.38 nm2.When the pH value rises to 12,following the raise of temperature,the values of pc20 and Amin increase but the Γmax decreases. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Lecture of science and technology

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Synthesis and application of ionic liquid surfactants (Ⅷ) Application of ionic liquid surfactants in analysis ZOU Wen-yuan, YANG Xu-zhao, WANG Ping, XU Qing-jie, WANG Jun 2017, 47 (8):  425-429.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2017.08.002 Abstract ( 269 )   PDF (1275KB) ( 347 )   Because of the dual properties of organic solvent and excellent surface activity,ionic liquid surfactants are widely used in analysis.Organics in solid material can be extracted with the micelle solubilization of ionic liquid surfactants under assistance of microwave/ultrasonic wave.Meanwhile,after completion of the extraction,chemical agents can be added to change the water soluble surfactant to water insoluble surfactant;so that the aqueous solution can be pre-concentrated in situ in order to better the sensitivity of the analysis.Ionic liquid surfactants can be used as stationary phase to separate organic compounds in HPLC or pseudo-stationary phase to enantioseparate chiral compounds in micellar electro kinetic chromatography.The sensitizing effect of ionic liquid surfactant media on the determination of metal ions is the result of complexing action of ionic liquid surfactant and metal ion.The electrode modified by ionic liquid surfactant can promote electron transfer and enhance sensitivity in electrochemical analysis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Development and application

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Studies on the emulsifying performance of nano-SiO2 particles modified with bis-quaternary ammonium salts HUANG Wei-hua, ZOU Hua, LAI Lu, MEI Ping 2017, 47 (8):  430-434.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2017.08.003 Abstract ( 239 )   PDF (7503KB) ( 84 )   Bis-quaternary ammonium salts BQAS-16 were used for the surface modification of nano-SiO2 particles,and the modified SiO2 nanoparticles were used as emulsifying agent for preparation of Pickering emulsion.Effects of the ratio of modification,the pH value,the addition of salt and the volume ratio of oil to water on the stability of Pickering emulsion were examined.Results show that the nano-SiO2 particles modified by BQAS-16 display better emulsifying performance as comparing with the nano-SiO2 particles.The stability of emulsion increases with increasing of the dosage of BQAS-16.With increasing the pH value,the stability of emulsion is basically no change.However,at the pH=13,the stability of emulsion decreases significantly.Moreover,as the NaCl dosage increases,the stability of emulsion is basically no change.When the volume ratio of oil to water is 1∶1,the emulsion is at the most stable state. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental study on emulsion enhancing displacement efficiency ZHU Yang-wen 2017, 47 (8):  435-439.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2017.08.004 Abstract ( 270 )   PDF (724KB) ( 370 )   By columnar core model,the microscopic displacement characteristics of emulsion was studied.Experimental results of emulsion flooding in different permeability cores show that how well emulsion improve displacement efficiency is related to the permeability,and emulsion particle size range is closer to pore diameter range,the higher the displacement efficiency.Droplets in emulsion play a great role in enhancing displacement efficiency,while the contribution of emulsifiers in enhancing displacement efficiency is relatively small.For intermediate permeability cores,the displacement efficiency of polymer solution and emulsion with the same viscosity is similar. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of platinum-loaded AlPO-5 catalyst and its catalytic performance for glycerol oxidation WANG Chao, LIU Lei, DONG Jin-xiang 2017, 47 (8):  440-445.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2017.08.005 Abstract ( 309 )   PDF (2613KB) ( 315 )   Aluminum phosphate molecular sieve AlPO-5 was synthesized by hydrothermal method,and then calcined to obtain the porous AlPO-5 supporting material.Pt-loaded AlPO-5 catalyst was prepared by impregnation method and precipitation method,separately,and the catalyst was characterized by powder XRD,TEM and nitrogen adsorption-desorption.Effects of loading method on the dispersion of Pt clusters and particle size were examined;meanwhile,the catalytic performance of Pt/AlPO-5 on glycerol oxidation was studied.Effects of Pt loading,reduction method and reaction time on glycerol conversion and product selectivity were examined in detail.Results show that the catalyst prepared by impregnation method displays a higher conversion and selectivity of glyceraldehyde (up to 63.46%).Glyceraldehyde as a starting reaction product during glycerol oxidation,its high selectivity is closely related to Pt nanoclusters with larger size. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Separation of antioxidative peptides from sheep placenta byproduct by enzymolysis and its application in cosmetics LI Ming, JIANG Hui-min, CAO Guang-qun, YANG Cheng 2017, 47 (8):  446-451.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2017.08.006 Abstract ( 396 )   PDF (831KB) ( 461 )   In order to develop application of antioxidative peptides from sheep placenta byproduct by enzymolysis in cosmetics,papain was employed for the enzymolysis and DPPH radical scavenging activity of the hydrolysate was used for efficacy evaluation.The hydrolysate by papain was purified sequentially by DA201-C macroporous resin,ultrafiltration and Sephadex G-10 gel filtration.Fractions obtained from purification operations were evaluated.The sheep placenta peptide S12 displays the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity and was selected for further study.The formulas of skin care lotion and cream containing different content of S12 (0-5%) were designed,and the moisturizing and elastic effect of all skin care product samples were evaluated by MC750 skin test instrument.Results show that after continuous using the skin care lotion and cream containing 4% content of S12 for 60 d,the skin cuticula hydration of 15 volunteers increases by 27 and 31 respectively;the transepidermal water loss reduces by 12.0 and 13.2 g/(m2·h) respectively;and the skin elasticity R2 increases by 38% and 45% respectively.It is concluded that the skin care lotion and cream containing sheep placenta peptide can improve skin moisturizing and increase skin elasticity. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of ZnO sol and its performance for bacteriostasis and photocatalytic degradation of organics SONG Jun-da, CHEN Hong-ling 2017, 47 (8):  452-457.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2017.08.007 Abstract ( 377 )   PDF (1431KB) ( 337 )   Stabilized and transparent ZnO sol was prepared with zinc acetate dihydrate (ZAD) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) as starting materials and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as surface modifying agent.The product was characterized and tested by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,UV-visible absorption spectroscopy,fluorescence spectroscopy and high performance liquid chromatography.The influences of ZAD,KOH and PVP dosage on ZnO particle size and sol stability were examined.The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of ZnO sol were determined by agar dilution method with Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Agrobacterium tumefaciens,Pseudomonas cepacia,Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger as testing objects.The photocatalytic activity of ZnO sol on degradation of methylene blue (MB),dimethoate and acephate solution was carried out.Results show that the ZnO sol product prepared with the stoichiometric composition of 10 mmol of ZAD,15 mmol of KOH and 1.6 g of PVP displays stable and uniformly distributed ZnO nanoparticle size.The growth of bacteria is inhibited effectively by the ZnO sol product,which has the best antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas cepacia.Meanwhile,the ZnO sol product displays good photocatalytic activity on degradation of MB,dimethoate and acephate solution. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Technology for encapsulation of chemical sun-screening agent with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin WU Feng-juan, ZHANG Chen, BAYISIMA, LU Wang-wang, GAN Liang, CAO Guang-qun 2017, 47 (8):  458-462.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2017.08.008 Abstract ( 393 )   PDF (717KB) ( 490 )   Encapsulation compounds of butyl-methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMDBM) and octyl methoxycirmamate (OMC) were prepared separately by encapsulating with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin.Three encapsulation methods,including ultrasonic method,grinding method and solution stirring method were compared based on encapsulation ratio results.The preparation technology of encapsulation compounds was improved with orthogonal test.Results show that,solution stirring method is the most suitable method to prepare the encapsulation compounds.The encapsulation ratio of BMDBM and OMC in encapsulation compounds can be optimized by orthogonal test,and improved to 63.06%±2.5% and 56.43%±2.0% respectively.Encapsulation compounds can be applied in sun-screening cream,and display good photo-stability. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of volatile components and antioxidation activity evaluation of essential oil and aqueous extract from Pelargonium graveolens L′Herit. REN Hong-tao, ZHOU Bin 2017, 47 (8):  463-467.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2017.08.009 Abstract ( 489 )   PDF (709KB) ( 405 )   Volatile components of essential oil and aqueous extract from Pelargonium graveolens L′Herit. were prepared separately by steam distillation (SD) method and simultaneous distillation-extraction (SDE) method.Their compositions and relative contents were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with retention index (RI) and peak area normalization method.Results show that a total of 71 volatile compounds are identified from the geranium essential oil,the main constituents being citronellol,citronellyl formate,geraniol,isomenthone,β-gurjunene,linalool and phenylethyl tiglate.A total of 39 volatile compounds are identified from the geranium aqueous extract,the main constituents being citronellol,linalool,geraniol,isomenthone,α-terpineol,cis-linalool oxide and trans-linalool oxide.The vast majority of volatile components in geranium aqueous extract exists in geranium essential oil,but their content is obviously different.Antioxidation activity of the essential oil and the aqueous extract were evaluated with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and hydroxyl radical scavenging methods.The experimental results show that both the geranium essential oil and the geranium aqueous extract display certain DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities.The DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of geranium aqueous extract is higher than that of geranium essential oil. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Reviews

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Progress in field for synthesis of zwitterionic Gemini surfactants MU Hong-liang, DING Wei, LIU Xiang-bin, WANG Ling, LI Zhen-dong, CHENG Shuang 2017, 47 (8):  468-475.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2017.08.010 Abstract ( 330 )   PDF (884KB) ( 365 )   Based on the different structure of the hydrophilic group,zwitterionic Gemini surfactants are currently classified as anionic-cationic,anionic-nonionic and cationic-nonionic.The synthesis process of anionic-cationic Gemini surfactants was emphatically summarized,and its properties and main application fields were briefly introduced.Finally,the shortcomings of study on zwitterionic Gemini surfactants were put forward and the future development of zwitterionic Gemini surfactants were prospected. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Analytical methods and testing

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Simultaneous determination of five banned sex hormones in cosmetics with UPLC-MS/MS YUE Lei, LI Xiao-jing 2017, 47 (8):  476-480.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2017.08.011 Abstract ( 240 )   PDF (1002KB) ( 385 )   A method using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was established for determination of five banned sex hormones in cosmetics.The chromatography column is selected as ACQUITY UPLC® BEN C18 column (2.1 mm×50 mm,1.7 μm).The mobile phase consists of methanol-0.1% formic acid aqueous solution (60∶40) and the flow rate is 0.4 mL/min.The column temperature is 30 ℃.Sample injection amount is 1 μL.The scanning method is multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in combination with information dependent acquisition (IDA) and enhanced ion scanning (EPI).Results show that the relation between peak area and mass concentration of the detected four kinds of estrogen,including oestradiol,oestriol,oestrone and stilbestrol as well as progesterone displays good linearity with correlation coefficient higher than 0.999.Detection limit of the method is 1-100 mg/L.The method was carried out at three spiking levels,the average recoveries are in the range of 79.8%-115.3%,with relative standard deviations of 1.43%-11.36% (n=6). References | Related Articles | Metrics