Abstract:

Two novel oil-soluble surfactants, namely hexa （dodecylamino） cyclotriphosphonitrile hydrochloride （HDCCP） and hexa （octadecylamino） cyclotriphosphonitrile hydrochloride （HOCCP）, were successfully synthesized via an one-step reaction at 50 ℃ using tetrahydrofuran （THF） as the solvent. The synthesis involved the nucleophilic substitution of hexachlorocyclotriphosphonitrile with long-chain aliphatic amines （including dodecylamine and octadecylamine）, resulting in yields of 92.34% for HDCCP and 86.13% for HOCCP. The products were characterized by infrared spectroscopy （IR） and nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR）. When they were applied as finishing agents for cotton cloth, the cotton cloths treated with HDCCP and HOCCP demonstrated residual carbon rates of 28.89% and 22.46% in vertical burning test, suggesting that these compounds could effectively enhance the flame resistance of the treated textile. Additionally, antibacterial performance tests indicated that HDCCP exhibited excellent broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against common pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans, making it a promising candidate for antibacterial agent for textile. Furthermore, the softness of fabrics treated with HDCCP and HOCCP reached a favorable level of 4-5 in the standard softness test, which was comparable to that achieved by a commercial fabric softener. Therefore, these compounds not only provided flame retardancy and antibacterial effects but also maintained fabric comfort. In conclusion, long-chain alkylamino phosphonitrile derivatives exhibited outstanding properties as multifunctional fabric finishing agents, combining flame retardancy, antimicrobial effects and softness enhancement in a single treatment.

Key words: multifunctional finishing agent, flame retardant, antibacterial, phosphazene derivative