聚苯胺/C3N5异质结构建及光催化降解罗丹明B性能研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.08.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解决持久性有机污染物罗丹明B （RhB）染料造成的水污染问题。通过将半导体材料富氮氮化碳（C₃N₅）和导电聚合物聚苯胺（PANI）复合构建了PANI/C₃N₅异质结，详细表征了异质结的物相基团、比表面积和孔隙、可见光光谱响应、光生载流子重组和寿命等。考察了模拟可见光激发PANI/C₃N₅异质结降解RhB性能。结果表明：PANI和C₃N₅之间Ⅱ型异质结构建和π-π^*电子离域堆叠提升了光生载流子分离效率和寿命，扩展了可见光吸收范围，增强了光催化活性。PANI/C₃N₅异质结表现出明显高于C₃N₅和PANI的光催化降解RhB能力，在PANI/C₃N₅异质结投加量为30 mg和初始pH=7条件下，模拟可见光照射60 min时初始质量浓度为100 mg/L RhB的降解率达到了98.42%，表观速率常数为0.063 61 min^-1。经过五次光催化循环后RhB降解率降低至98.22%，表现出良好的耐久性和稳定性。超氧自由基在光催化过程中起到关键作用。

关键词: 富氮氮化碳, 聚苯胺, 异质结, 光催化降解, 罗丹明B

Abstract:

To solve the problem of water pollution caused by a persistent organic pollutant, rhodamine B （RhB） dye, in this work, the semiconductor material nitrogen-rich carbon nitride （C₃N₅） and the conductive polymer polyaniline （PANI） were combined to construct the PANI/C₃N₅ heterojunction. The phase composition, specific surface area and pores of the heterojunction were characterized, as well as its visible light spectral response and photogenerated carrier recombination and lifetime. The degradation of RhB by PANI/C₃N₅ heterojunction under simulated visible light excitation was investigated. The results showed that the type-II heterojunction construction and π-π^* stacking-promoted electron delocalization between PANI and C₃N₅ could improve the separation efficiency and lifetime of photogenerated carriers, expand the visible light absorption range, and enhance the photocatalytic activity. The PANI/C₃N₅ heterojunction showed significantly higher ability in photocatalytic degradation of RhB than both C₃N₅ and PANI. Under the conditions of PANI/C₃N₅ heterojunction dosage of 30 mg, initial pH of 7, and simulated visible light irradiation for 60 min, the degradation percentage of RhB for a RhB solution with initial mass concentration of 100 mg/L could reach 98.42% and the apparent rate constant was 0.063 61 min^-1. After five photocatalytic cycles, the degradation percentage of RhB decreased to 98.22%, indicative of good durability and stability. Superoxide radicals played a key role in the photocatalytic process.

Key words: nitrogen-rich carbon nitride, polyaniline, heterojunction, photocatalytic degradation, rhodamine B

中图分类号:

O643.3

陈升, 商顺盈. 聚苯胺/C₃N₅异质结构建及光催化降解罗丹明B性能研究[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2026, 56(8): 1009-1018.

Sheng Chen, Shunying Shang. Construction of polyaniline/C₃N₅ heterojunction and its performance in photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2026, 56(8): 1009-1018.

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聚苯胺/C₃N₅异质结构建及光催化降解罗丹明B性能研究

Construction of polyaniline/C₃N₅ heterojunction and its performance in photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B

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材料	污染物	光源	初始质量浓度/ （mg/L）	光照时间/min	催化剂用量/mg	降解率/ %	表观速率常数/min^-1	来源
SnO₂/Cu/PANI	罗丹明B	250 W紫外灯	10	60	20	98.80	—	[15]
BiOCl/PANI	罗丹明B	300 W Xe， λ>400 nm	50	150	15	98.80	0.031 00	[19]
GeO₂/C₃N₅	罗丹明B	300 W Xe， λ>420 nm	10	150	100	82.00	—	[25]
AgCl/C₃N₅	罗丹明B	300 W Xe， λ>420 nm	10	30	50	96.00	—	[27]
AC/TiO₂/C₃N₅	罗丹明B	500 W Xe， λ>420 nm	25	90	20	95.27	0.024 25	[29]
PANI/C₃N₅	罗丹明B	300 W Xe， λ>420 nm	100	60	30	98.42	0.063 61	本研究

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