磷酸酯甜菜碱改性ZnO的合成及性能研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2025.11.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为得到可稳定分散于乙二醇中的功能ZnO纳米粒子，提出了一种有效的表面改性方法。以自制磷酸酯甜菜碱为表面改性剂，在低温（<100 ℃）、常压下，通过在ZnSO₄和NaOH的水溶液中进行原位液相一步法，合成了改性ZnO纳米颗粒。用傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射比较改性前后ZnO纳米粒子的结构变化，推测其改性机理。使用场发射扫描电子显微镜研究改性前后ZnO纳米粒子的微观形貌，并进行ZnO纳米粒子分散稳定性实验。结果表明，表面改性或包覆对ZnO纳米颗粒的相结晶度没有影响。当磷酸酯甜菜碱质量分数为5%，反应温度为70 ℃时，得到的改性ZnO纳米粒子的粒径较小，尺寸长度约70 nm，与乙二醇的接触角为21°。该改性纳米粒子在乙二醇中30天时仍然具有很好的分散稳定性。

关键词: 氧化锌, 表面改性, 分散稳定性, 磷酸酯甜菜碱

Abstract:

To obtain functional ZnO nanoparticles that can be stably dispersed in ethylene glycol, an effective surface modification method was proposed. Using self-made phosphobetaine as the surface modifier, the modified ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized from ZnSO₄ and NaOH via one-step method in aqueous solution at low temperature （<100 ℃） and normal pressure. The structural changes between non-modified and modified ZnO nanoparticles were compared by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The microscopic morphology of non-modified and modified ZnO nanoparticles was studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy. The dispersion stability experiments for ZnO nanoparticles were carried out. The results showed that surface modification or capping had no effect on the phase crystallinity of ZnO nanoparticles. When the mass fraction of phosphobetaine was 5% and the reaction temperature was 70 ℃, the product of modified ZnO nanoparticles had relatively small particle size, with an average length of approximately 70 nm, and the contact angle of ethylene glycol thereon was 21°. These modified nanoparticles still had good dispersion stability in ethylene glycol after 30 days.

Key words: ZnO, surface modification, dispersion stability, phosphobetaine

中图分类号:

TQ423

颜秀花, 唐兰勤. 磷酸酯甜菜碱改性ZnO的合成及性能研究[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2025, 55(11): 1402-1407.

Xiuhua Yan, Lanqin Tang. Synthesis and properties of phosphobetaine-modified ZnO[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2025, 55(11): 1402-1407.

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