侧柏枝挥发油促进雄激素性脱发小鼠毛发生长研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.05.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过超临界CO₂萃取技术从侧柏枝中提取挥发油，采用Box-Behnken响应面法优化萃取工艺，以萃取率为评价指标，利用气相色谱质谱联用技术对侧柏枝挥发油化学成分进行了表征。通过去除C57BL/6小鼠背部毛发及腹腔注射睾酮建立雄激素性脱发模型，评价侧柏枝挥发油促进毛发生长的效果。通过网络药理学研究侧柏枝挥发油促进毛发生长的机制，使用ELISA试剂盒检测小鼠皮肤中IL-1β，IL-6，TNF-α，SOD，CAT，MDA水平。结果表明，侧柏枝挥发油最优萃取工艺为压力10.62 MPa，温度43.69 ℃，萃取时间83.86 min，最大萃取率为20.107%，该挥发油的主要成分包括罗汉柏烯（含量32.27%）和雪松醇（含量20.88%）。在实验第21天，10%侧柏枝挥发油处理组小鼠实现了完全毛发生长，效果与米诺地尔对照组相当，组织学分析显示，侧柏枝挥发油能提高毛囊密度，并加速毛囊向生长期转化。网络药理学分析显示侧柏枝挥发油参与炎症和氧化应激，侧柏枝挥发油能有效抑制炎症因子IL-1β，IL-6，TNF-α，同时恢复抗氧化酶（SOD和CAT）活性并减轻脂质过氧化反应（MDA水平）。该研究为侧柏挥发油在护发产品中的应用提供参考，为雄激素性脱发患者提供更多选择。

关键词: 侧柏枝挥发油, 雄激素性脱发, 超临界流体萃取, 气相色谱-质谱法, 网络药理学

Abstract:

Supercritical CO₂ extraction was employed to isolate the essential oil from Platycladus orientalis L. branches （EOPB）. The extraction process was optimized using a Box-Behnken design （BBD） with the extraction yield as the response variable. The chemical constituents of the extracted essential oil were characterized via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. An androgenetic alopecia （AGA） model was established in C57BL/6 mice by depilating the dorsal hair and administering daily intraperitoneal injections of testosterone to evaluate the hair growth-promoting effects of EOPB. The underlying mechanisms were investigated using network pharmacology. Furthermore, the cutaneous levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, SOD, CAT, and MDA were measured using ELISA kits. The results indicate that the optimal extraction parameters for EOPB are a pressure of 10.62 MPa, a temperature of 43.69 ℃, and an extraction time of 83.86 minutes, achieving a maximum extraction yield of 20.107%. The primary constituents of EOPB are identified as thujopsene （32.27%） and cedrol （20.88%）. The 10% （φ/%） EOPB group achieves complete hair regrowth by day 21, exhibiting an efficacy comparable to that of the minoxidil positive control. Histological analysis confirms that EOPB enhances hair follicle density and accelerates the anagen phase transition. Network pharmacology analysis reveals the involvement of EOPB in inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways. EOPB effectively suppresses inflammatory factors （IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α）, restores antioxidant enzyme （SOD and CAT） activities, and reduces lipid peroxidation （MDA levels）. This study provides a reference for the application of EOPB in hair care products, offering alternative therapeutic choices for patients with androgenetic alopecia.

Key words: Platycladus orientalis L. branch essential oil, androgenetic alopecia, supercritical fluid extraction, GC-MS, network pharmacology

中图分类号:

TQ658

张蕾, 贺子涵, 杨俊, 周小魏, 王振华, 李刚, 马成俊. 侧柏枝挥发油促进雄激素性脱发小鼠毛发生长研究[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2026, 56(5): 623-634.

Lei Zhang, Zihan He, Jun Yang, Xiaowei Zhou, Zhenhua Wang, Gang Li, Chengjun Ma. Study on essential oil from Platycladus orientalis L. branches for promoting hair growth in androgenetic alopecia mice[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2026, 56(5): 623-634.

图/表 11

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Source	Sum of squares	df	Mean square	F-value	P-value	Significance
Model	238.53	9	26.50	26.31	0.000 1	***
A: Pressure	22.92	1	22.92	22.75	0.002	**
B: Temperature	0.973 0	1	0.973 0	0.966 0	0.358 4	NS
C: Time	0.931 6	1	0.931 6	0.924 9	0.368 2	NS
AB	0.616 2	1	0.616 2	0.611 8	0.459 8	NS
AC	19.23	1	19.23	19.09	0.003 3	**
BC	7.02	1	7.02	6.97	0.033 4	*
A²	11.48	1	11.48	11.40	0.011 8	*
B²	144.05	1	144.05	143.01	<0.000 1	***
C²	18.37	1	18.37	18.24	0.003 7	**
Residual	7.05	7	1.01	N/A	N/A	N/A
Lack of fit	2.42	3	0.808 1	0.698 7	0.599 9	NS
Pure error	4.63	4	1.16	N/A	N/A	N/A
Cor total	245.58	16	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
R²=0.971 3	Adjusted R²=0.934 4		Predicted R²=0.812 6		Adeq precision=12.674 7

	Count/ %	Retention time/min	Chemical formula	Compound
1	32.27	52.695	C₁₅H₂₄	Thujopsene
2	2.66	56.134	C₁₅H₂₂	Cuparene
3	3.26	56.367	C₁₅H₂₄	β-Cedrene
4	1.62	57.551	C₁₅H₂₂	9, 10-Dehydroisonofolene
5	3.16	60.316	C₁₅H₂₆O	α-Bisabolol
6	20.88	60.922	C₁₅H₂₆O	Cedrol
7	4.43	61.022	C₁₀H₁₈O	β-Eucalyptol
8	1.73	61.63	C₁₅H₂₄	Rohanberol
9	1.87	62.274	C₁₅H₂₄	α-Longipinene
10	1.84	62.818	C₁₅H₂₂	α-Curcumone
11	1.52	64.054	C₁₅H₂₄	Isolongifolene
12	2.55	64.403	C₁₅H₂₄	α-Cedrene
13	2.6	65.298	C₁₅H₂₄	γ-Muronene