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日用化学工业(中英文) ›› 2025, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (6): 687-699.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2025.06.002

• 特邀专稿 • 上一篇    下一篇

煤层气促解吸剂作用机理研究进展

鲁红升1,*(),杨阳1,吴洋1,严向阳2,林波2   

  1. 1.西南石油大学 化学化工学院,四川 成都 610500
    2.四川申和新材料科技有限公司,四川 成都 610500
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-04 修回日期:2025-05-24 出版日期:2025-06-22 发布日期:2025-07-01
  • 基金资助:
    油气田应用化学四川省重点实验室开放基金项目“基于CO2开关溶剂的纳米乳液制备及其在岩石表面的润湿机理研究”(YQKF202118)

Advances in desorption-enhancing mechanisms for coalbed methane desorption agents

Hongsheng Lu1,*(),Yang Yang1,Yang Wu1,Xiangyang Yan2,Bo Lin2   

  1. 1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
    2. Sichuan Shenhe New Material Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
  • Received:2025-04-04 Revised:2025-05-24 Online:2025-06-22 Published:2025-07-01
  • Contact: E-mail: hshlu@163.com.

摘要:

煤层气作为重要的非常规天然气资源,其高效开发对改善能源结构和减少温室气体排放具有重要意义。文章系统综述了促解吸剂技术在煤层气开发中的研究进展与挑战,重点探讨了物理置换、化学竞争吸附、润湿性调控及热力学协同等多种作用机理。结果表明,物理置换类促解吸剂通过竞争吸附占据煤基质活性位点,增强甲烷解吸效率;表面活性剂等化学药剂通过重构气-液-固界面作用,降低毛细管阻力并优化孔隙流体分布;润湿性调控技术则通过改变煤岩表面亲疏水性,削弱甲烷与煤基质的结合强度。此外,热力学协同机制通过温度、压力与孔隙结构的动态演变,系统提升解吸动力学效率。然而,煤层非均质性、化学剂长期滞留风险及储层条件下工作液对煤岩作用机制不明等问题仍制约促解吸技术发展。未来研究需聚焦多因素耦合模型的构建、智能响应材料的开发及CO2封存与甲烷增采的一体化技术,推动煤层气开发向绿色化、精准化方向转型。

关键词: 煤层气, 解吸机理, 促解吸剂, 物理置换, 竞争吸附, 润湿性调控, 多因素耦合, 绿色开发

Abstract:

Coalbed methane (CBM), as an important unconventional natural gas resource, plays a significant role in optimizing energy structures and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In this review, the research progress and challenges for technologies of desorption agents in CBM development are systematically reviewed, focusing on various mechanisms including physical displacement, chemical competitive adsorption, wettability modification, and thermodynamic synergy. The literature survey has shown that physical displacement agents can enhance the desorption efficiency of methane by occupying the adsorption sites on coal matrices through competitive adsorption. Chemical agents such as surfactants can optimize pore fluid distribution and reduce capillary resistance by regulating gas-liquid-solid interfacial interactions. Wettability modification techniques can weaken methane-coal bonding strength by altering the hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity of coal. Additionally, thermodynamic synergy can systematically improve desorption kinetics through dynamic evolution among temperature field, pressure field, and pore structure evolution. However, challenges such as the heterogeneity of coalbed, the long-term retention risk of chemical agents, and the lack of clarity of the action mechanism of working fluid on coal under reservoir conditions still restrict technological development. To promote green and precision CBM development, future studies should prioritize constructing multiphysics coupling models, developing intelligent responsive materials, and integrating CO2 sequestration with methane recovery technologies.

Key words: coalbed methane, desorption mechanism, desorption agent, physical displacement, competitive adsorption, wettability modification, multifactorial coupling, green development

中图分类号: 

  • TE37