红鳘鱼胶胶原蛋白对D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠皮肤的抗衰老作用研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2024.05.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以红鳘鱼胶为原料，酸酶法提取胶原蛋白，通过十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）、氨基酸组成分析等方法进行理化性质分析，并以D-半乳糖建立衰老小鼠模型，探究其对小鼠皮肤含水量、羟脯氨酸含量、皮肤病理形态和抗氧化活性的影响。结果表明，胶原蛋白由2条α链与1条β链组成，为典型的Ⅰ型胶原蛋白，以甘氨酸、丙氨酸、谷氨酸、脯氨酸为特征氨基酸，分别占总氨基酸含量13.890%，8.601%，7.650%和7.124%，且不含色氨酸；动物实验结果表明，经D-半乳糖造模后，MN组小鼠皮肤粗糙、松弛，皱纹数量增多，相较于CN组皮肤水分含量降低了13.52%，羟脯氨酸含量降低了26.20%，抗氧化能力降低，小鼠皮肤真皮层变薄，胶原纤维、弹性纤维含量降低，部分明显断开；红鳘鱼胶胶原蛋白干预后，能够显著改善由于D-半乳糖造成的小鼠背部皮肤水分流失，增强小鼠皮肤组织氧化应激抵抗力，胶原蛋白组皮肤结构基本恢复，皮肤胶原纤维和弹力纤维含量升高，Ⅰ/Ⅲ型胶原蛋白比例升高了9.79%。综上分析，通过红鳘鱼胶制备的胶原蛋白可延缓D-半乳糖引起的皮肤衰老，可为胶原蛋白在化妆品领域的高值化利用提供依据。

关键词: 胶原蛋白, 电泳, 氨基酸组成, D-半乳糖, 抗衰老

Abstract:

Red slate fish gelatin was used as the raw material, and collagen was extracted by acid enzyme method. Physicochemical properties were analysed by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （SDS-PAGE） and amino acid composition analysis. A senescent mice model was established with D-galactose to investigate its effects on the water content, hydroxyproline content, skin pathological morphology, and antioxidant activity of the mice. The results show that the collagen consists of two α-chains and one β-chain, which is a typical type Ⅰ collagen. Collagen contains characteristic amino acids such as glycine, alanine, glutamic acid and proline, which account for 13.890%, 8.601%, 7.650% and 7.124% of the total amino acid content, respectively, and does not contain tryptophan. After being modeled by D-galactose, the results of moisturising and skin-care experiments show that the model group compared with the control group, the skin of mice is rough and loose, the number of wrinkles and antioxidant capacity decrease, the moisture content of the skin and the content of hydroxyproline decrease by 13.52% and 26.2%, respectively, and the content of collagen fibres and elastin fibres reduced, some of which are obviously disconnected. After the intervention of red slate fish gelatin collagen, it can significantly improve the water loss of mouse back skin caused by D-galactose stimulation, enhance the resistance to oxidative stress of mouse skin tissues, and basically restore the skin structure of the collagen group, with the content of collagen fibres and elastic fibres of the skin elevated, and the proportion of type Ⅰ/Ⅲ collagen elevated by 9.79%. In conclusion, collagen prepared from red slate fish gelatin can delay the skin aging caused by D-galactose, which can provide a basis for the high value utilisation of collagen in the field of cosmetics.

Key words: gelatin collagen, electrophoresis, amino acid composition, D-galactose, anti-aging

中图分类号:

TQ658

钟碧銮, 廖静如, 黄泽敏, 姚若然, 杜冰, 张宇. 红鳘鱼胶胶原蛋白对D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠皮肤的抗衰老作用研究[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2024, 54(5): 550-557.

Biluan Zhong, Jingru Liao, Zemin Huang, Ruoran Yao, Bing Du, Yu Zhang. Study on the anti-aging effect of red slate fish gelatin collagen in mice skin caused by D-galactose[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2024, 54(5): 550-557.

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序号	氨基酸种类	含量/ %	序号	氨基酸种类	含量/ %
1	天冬氨酸（Asp）	6.165	10	异亮氨酸	1.840
2	苏氨酸（Thr）	2.405	11	亮氨酸	2.888
3	丝氨酸（Ser）	2.949	12	酪氨酸（Tyr）	1.204
4	谷氨酸（Glu）	8.601	13	苯丙氨酸（Phe）	1.974
5	甘氨酸（Gly）	13.890	14	组氨酸（His）	1.359
6	丙氨酸（Ala）	7.650	15	赖氨酸（Lys）	3.537
7	胱氨酸（Cys）	1.722	16	精氨酸（Arg）	5.751
8	缬氨酸（Val）	2.037	17	脯氨酸（Pro）	7.124
9	蛋氨酸（Met）	0.672