驱油用纳米材料研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2022.05.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

由于纳米材料尺寸小、比表面积大,表面原子活性高且数量占比大,通过表面改性可在同一纳米材料上集成多种驱油功能,纳米驱油技术被认为是未来最具潜力的提高采收率技术之一。简要介绍了驱油纳米材料的性能特点,综述了零维、一维和二维纳米材料在油田驱油剂方面的研究与应用进展,讨论了纳米材料在提高采收率应用面临的四方面挑战,即纳米材料驱油理论有待突破、纳米材料制造成本高、油藏条件下纳米材料的分散稳定性以及纳米材料与采出液分离及循环利用。综合油田开发需求与纳米技术发展现状,提出未来油田纳米驱油技术“复合功能”与“智能化”的发展方向。“复合功能”是指通过化学改性在纳米材料上集成剥离原油、捕集、聚并油滴等多种功能;“智能化”是指借鉴超分子化学手段,设计合成在油/水界面处堆积密度可调的柔性纳米材料,赋予其在储层中“智能”调剖功能,达到扩大波及体积的目的。

关键词: 提高原油采收率, 三次采油, 纳米材料, 驱油剂

Abstract:

Due to the small size and the large specific surface area of nanomaterials and the high atomic activity and high number ratio of the surface atoms thereof, various oil displacement functions can be integrated on the same nanomaterial through surface modification. Therefore, the nanomaterial oil-displacement technology is considered as one of the most potential EOR technologies in the future. The properties of nanomaterials for oil displacement are briefly introduced, and the research and application progress of zero-dimensional, one-dimensional and two-dimensional nanomaterials as oil displacement agents in oil fields are reviewed. Nano-silica modified by surfactants or polyacrylamide can reduce the interfacial tension between oil and water, change the wettability of rock, expand the sweep volume, and have other functions, showing good oil displacement effect. Owing to its stable property and economic and environmental protection advantages, silica is considered as the most promising zero-dimensional material for oil displacement. Metal oxide nanoparticles such as Al₂O₃, TiO₂ and ZrO₂, carbon nanoparticles and carbon quantum dots also have good oil displacement performance. One-dimensional carbon nanotubes can promote the migration and dispersion of surfactant molecules to the oil-water interface and improve the injection efficiency of oil displacement agents. Graphene-based nanofluids can significantly improve oil recovery by changing rock wettability and separation pressure, reducing interfacial tension, reducing oil viscosity, and controlling flow rate. Four challenges facing the application of nanomaterials in EOR are discussed, namely, the theory of nanomaterial flooding that needs to be broken through, the high manufacturing cost of nanomaterials, the dispersion stability of nanomaterials under reservoir conditions, and the separation and recycling of nanomaterials from produced fluids. Based on the demand of oilfield development and the current situation of nanotechnology development, the development direction of “composite function” and “intelligence” of the nanomaterial oil-displacement technology in oilfield in the future is proposed. “Composite function” refers to the integration of various functions on nanomaterials through chemical modification, such as stripping crude oil, trapping and merging oil droplets. “Intelligent” refers to the design and synthesis of flexible nanomaterials with adjustable bulk density at the oil-water interface by supramolecular chemical means, giving them the “intelligent” profile control function in the reservoir to achieve the purpose of expanding the sweep volume.

Key words: enhanced oil recovery, tertiary oil recovery, nanomaterial, oil displacement agent

中图分类号:

TE357

吴国鹏,张福玲. 驱油用纳米材料研究进展[J]. 日用化学工业, 2022, 52(5): 558-565.

Wu Guopeng,Zhang Fuling. Research progress of nanomaterials for oil displacement[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2022, 52(5): 558-565.

图/表 3

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