含刚性基团的Gemini表面活性剂的制备及其与SDS复配性能研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.05.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以邻苯二甲酸酐、环氧氯丙烷以及N,N-二甲基十四烷基胺为原料合成了含有刚性联接基团的Gemini表面活性剂G₁₄,通过电喷雾质谱以及核磁共振氢谱对其结构进行了表征。研究了G₁₄和十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）复配体系的表面活性以及应用性能。发现复配体系比单一组分拥有更低的临界胶束浓度（cmc）、更强的乳化能力以及更好的润湿性能。其中当n（G₁₄）∶n（SDS）=1∶2时,cmc为3.19×10 ^-5 mol/L,γ_cmc为22.3 mN/m,A_min为0.57 nm ²,pc₂₀为5.01,Г_max为2.92 μmol/m ²;在65 ℃时对柴油的清洗率能达到91.67%。

关键词: 刚性基团, Gemini表面活性剂, 复配, 表面活性, 应用性能

Abstract:

A Gemini surfactant containing the rigid linking group（G₁₄）was synthesized from phthalic anhydride, epichlorohydrin and N,N-dimethyltetradecylamine. The structure was characterized by electrospray mass spectrometry and ¹H NMR. The surface activity and application properties of the mixtures of G₁₄ and sodium dodecyl sulfate（SDS）were studied. The mixed systems have exhibited a lower critical micelle concentration（cmc）, a stronger emulsifying ability, and better wetting properties than a single component. When n（G₁₄）∶n（SDS）=1∶2, the cmc is 3.19×10 ^-5 mol/L; γ_cmc is 22.3 mN/m; A_min is 0.57 nm ²; pc₂₀ reaches 5.01; Г_max reaches 2.92 μmol/m ²; the cleaning rate of diesel can reach 91.67% at 65 ℃.

Key words: rigid group, Gemini surfactant, compounding, surface activity, application performance

中图分类号:

TQ423.12

张文哲,李盼,侯琳熙. 含刚性基团的Gemini表面活性剂的制备及其与SDS复配性能研究[J]. 日用化学工业, 2019, 49(5): 298-303.

ZHANG Wen-zhe,LI Pan,HOU Lin-xi. Preparation of Gemini surfactants containing rigid groups and their properties after mixed with sodium dodecyl sulfate[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2019, 49(5): 298-303.

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n（G₁₄）: n（SDS）	H₂O	1:0	3:1	1:1	1:2	1:3	0:1
p₁/g	23.52	22.63	24.48	23.97	26.71	21.29	24.74
p₂/g	24.04	23.11	24.97	24.55	27.19	21.80	25.24
p₃/g	23.98	22.92	24.81	24.32	26.90	21.59	25.14
h/%	11.54	60.42	73.47	81.03	91.67	80.39	40.00