含哌啶环的阳离子双子表面活性剂的合成及性能研究

doi:10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2017.04.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以苯胺、环氧氯丙烷、哌啶和1-溴癸烷为原料经过三步反应合成了含有哌啶环的阳离子双子表面活性剂C₁₀-CGP。采用FT-IR、MS和¹H NMR对产物进行了结构表征。研究了其Krafft点、乳化性能和乳化沥青时的相关性能,并测定了25~40 ℃的临界胶束浓度(cmc)、平衡表面张力(γ_cmc)及相应的热力学函数。结果表明,C₁₀-CGP的Krafft点低于0 ℃,乳化分水时间为532 s。25 ℃时,cmc为0.976×10^-3 mol/L,γ_cmc为28.93 mN/m。随着温度的升高,cmc增大、γ_cmc减小、饱和吸附量(Γ_max)减小、极限占有面积(A_min)增大。乳化沥青测试表明,C₁₀-CGP是慢裂型沥青乳化剂,贮存稳定性好且乳化沥青粒径分布较窄。

关键词: 双子表面活性剂, 哌啶环, 表面张力, 合成, 沥青乳化剂

Abstract: A cationic Gemini surfactant containing bis-piperidinium group (hereinafter refers to as C₁₀-CGP) was synthesized via three steps with aniline,epichlorohydrin,piperidine and 1-bromodecane as starting materials.The product was characterized by FT-IR,MS and ¹H NMR.The Krafft point and emulsifying power of the product as well as performance of emulsified asphalt prepared with the product were examined.The critical micelle concentration (cmc) and corresponding surface tension (γ_cmc) of C₁₀-CGP were measured at temperature range from 25 ℃ to 40 ℃ and thermodynamic parameters of the micellization were calculated.Results show that the Krafft point of C₁₀-CGP is below 0 ℃;stable time of emulsified liquid achieves 532 s;the cmc and γ_cmc at 25 ℃ is 0.976×10^-3 mol/L and 28.93 mN/m respectively.With the increase of temperature,the cmc increases,while the γ_cmc decreases,the maximum surface adsorption capacity (Γ_max) decreases and the minimum molecule sectional area (A_min) increases.Emulsified asphalt test shows that C₁₀-CGP is a slow-crack type asphalt emulsifier;storage stability of the emulsified asphalt is good and particle size distribution of the emulsified asphalt is narrow.

Key words: Gemini surfactant, bis-piperidinium, surface tension, synthesis, asphalt emulsifier

中图分类号:

TQ423

谢益诚, 许虎君, 刘佳佳, 刘凡. 含哌啶环的阳离子双子表面活性剂的合成及性能研究[J]. 日用化学工业, 2017, 47(4): 181-185.

XIE Yi-cheng, XU Hu-jun, LIU Jia-jia, LIU Fan. Synthesis and properties of cationic Gemini surfactant containing bis-piperidinium group[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2017, 47(4): 181-185.

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