聚乙二醇硼酸酯表面活性剂的无溶剂法制备及其性能研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.01.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以硼酸（BA）和聚乙二醇（PEG）为原料，采用无溶剂法制备了一系列聚乙二醇硼酸酯（PEG-BAE），并通过FT-IR、TGA、静态表面张力仪等对其性能进行测试，用HT300铸铁和Q235钢片测定了其防锈性能，用MS-800四球试验机测定其水溶液的润滑性能。采用单因素实验法确定了PEG-BAE的较佳合成反应条件为：反应温度115 ℃、n（PEG-400）∶n（BA）=3.1∶1、反应时间100 min。在此条件下制备了系列产品，其酯化率均高达89%以上。FT-IR结果表示，不同分子量的PEG-BAE在1 107 cm^-1处有C-O-B的伸缩振动峰，表明已经生成目标产物。TGA结果显示PEG-BAE具有良好的热稳定性，温度高于200 ℃才会失重。对不同分子量的PEG-BAE进行应用性能测试，PEG-BAE具有良好的表面活性，其中PEG-600-BAE的静态表面张力最低为33.89 mN/m。PEG-600-BAE质量浓度为1.5 g/L时就能达到防锈要求；在酸性环境中，PEG-600-BAE质量浓度为2 g/L时，缓蚀效率达到90%。25 kg压力下，PEG-200-BAE的质量浓度为1.5 g/L时，磨斑直径为0.29 mm。因此，聚乙二醇硼酸酯作为防锈润滑剂在水基金属加工液中具有好的应用前景。

关键词: 聚乙二醇, 硼酸酯, 表面活性, 防锈, 润滑

Abstract:

Using boric acid （BA） and polyethylene glycol （PEG） as raw materials, a series of polyethylene glycol borates （PEG-BAE） were prepared by solvent-free method. The products were characterized by FT-IR. Their thermal stability was tested by TGA, and their surface activity was tested on a static surface tensiometer. Their rust-inhibiting properties were evaluated using HT300 cast iron and Q235 steel sheets. The lubricating properties of their aqueous solutions were tested on an MS-800 four-ball tester. Through single-factor experiments, the optimized synthesis conditions for PEG-BAE were determined as follows: reaction temperature of 115 ℃, molar ratio of PEG-400 to BA of 3.1∶1, and reaction time of 100 min. Under these conditions, a series of products were prepared with different PEGs, with esterification rates all exceeding 89%. FT-IR results indicated the presence of a C-O-B stretching vibration peak at 1 107 cm^-1 for PEG-BAEs with different molecular weights, confirming the formation of target products. TGA results showed that PEG-BAE exhibited good thermal stability, with weight loss only occurring at temperatures above 200 ℃. The results of surface tension measurement for PEG-BAEs with different molecular weights revealed that PEG-BAEs exhibited good surface activity, among which PEG-600-BAE demonstrated the lowest static surface tension of 33.89 mN/m. At a mass concentration of merely 1.5 g/L, PEG-600-BAE could meet the rust-preventative requirements; in acidic environment, at the mass concentration of 2 g/L, its corrosion-inhibition efficiency reached 90%. At the load of 25 kg, the wear scar diameter was 0.29 mm when the mass concentration of PEG-200-BAE was 1.5 g/L. Therefore, polyethylene glycol borates showed promising application as rust-preventative lubricants in water-based metalworking fluids.

Key words: polyethylene glycol, borate, surface activity, antirust, lubrication

中图分类号:

TQ423

朱佳欣, 台秀梅, 耿涛, 张广良, 李赛, 江河, 马睿杰. 聚乙二醇硼酸酯表面活性剂的无溶剂法制备及其性能研究[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2026, 56(1): 65-72.

Jiaxin Zhu, Xiumei Tai, Tao Geng, Guangliang Zhang, Sai Li, He Jiang, Ruijie Ma. Solvent-free preparation and performance of polyethylene glycol borate surfactants[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2026, 56(1): 65-72.

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