天然生物质材料的制备、性质与应用（Ⅶ）——支链异构阴离子多糖胶：黄芪胶

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2024.07.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

黄芪胶是从天然草本植物黄芪中提取的一种多糖类物质，因具有化学稳定性、非致畸性、非免疫原性、生物可降解性、生物相容性和天然无毒等特性，且利用其分子结构中的羟基、羧基、糖苷键等活性官能基团进行分子修饰、化学交联、接枝共聚等改性处理能明显改善其理化性质、增强其功能效用，使得黄芪胶及其改性产物在医药领域、食品加工、水处理、医用材料、日用化学品领域得到广泛应用。本文浅述了黄芪胶的来源、组成和结构，主要理化性质和功能作用，以及提取纯化技术和应用进展情况，并提及了黄芪胶及其改产物当前研究开发所面临的问题和发展趋势。

关键词: 黄芪胶, 结构, 性质, 提取, 纯化, 改性, 应用

Abstract:

Gum tragacanth is a kind of polysaccharide extracted from natural herbal plant astragalus membranaceus, which is distinguished by its chemical stability, non-teratogenicity, non-immunogenicity, biodegradability, biocompatibility and natural non-toxicity. Moreover its physical and chemical properties can be significantly improved, and its application performance can be significantly enhanced through molecular modification, chemical cross-linking, graft copolymerization and other modification treatments by utilizing the active functional groups in its molecular structure, such as hydroxyl group, carboxyl group and glycosidic bond. As a result, gum tragacanth and its modified products have been widely used not only in the field of medicine, but also in the fields of food processing, water treatment, medical materials and daily chemical products. In this paper, the source, composition and structure, the main physicochemical properties and functions of gum tragacanth, the key extraction and purification technologies, as well as some recent application examples of gum tragacanth in the above fields are briefly presented. Additionally, the existing challenges and future prospects of research and development of gum tragacanth and its modified derivatives are also highlighted in this paper.

Key words: gum tragacanth, structure, property, extraction, purification, modification, application

中图分类号:

TQ658

周业杰, 刘雅迪, 赵以墨, 孙晓彤, 高宇, 范金石. 天然生物质材料的制备、性质与应用（Ⅶ）——支链异构阴离子多糖胶：黄芪胶[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2024, 54(7): 767-776.

Yejie Zhou, Yadi Liu, Yimo Zhao, Xiaotong Sun, Yu Gao, Jinshi Fan. Preparation, properties and applications of natural biomass materials （Ⅶ）Branched heteroglycan anionic polysaccharides: gum tragacanth[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2024, 54(7): 767-776.

图/表 4

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