水溶液中三氯生的吸附研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2023.08.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

三氯生（TCS）作为一种抗菌剂，在药品与个人护理产品中有着广泛的应用，已成为水环境中一种普遍存在的污染物。因其具有生物积累性、内分泌干扰效应、生殖毒性等危害，且已被证实可为某些毒性更大物质的前体，故水体中TCS的无害化处理引起了广泛关注，吸附处理法去除水中的TCS具有简单、绿色、高效等优势。文章总结了不同类型吸附剂对TCS的吸附效果，分析了水体的部分参数对吸附过程可能的影响，并对吸附过程的动力学及热力学方面进行了讨论，最后对TCS吸附处理的研究方向做出了展望。总体而言，绿色、低成本、可再生吸附剂的开发应用是研究重要方向，吸附剂的改性与复合是提高吸附效果的有效方式，为了更好地应用于实际环境中TCS的处理，TCS的吸附机理及环境因素的影响机制尚需进一步研究。

关键词: 三氯生, 吸附剂, 吸附机理, 影响因素

Abstract:

As an antibacterial agent, triclosan （TCS） has been widely used in medicine and personal care products, and has become a ubiquitous pollutant in the water environment. Because it has biological accumulation, endocrine interference effect, reproductive toxicity and other hazards, and has been proved to be the precursor of some more toxic substances, the harmless treatment of TCS in water has attracted wide attention. The adsorption treatment method has the advantages of simplicity, green and high efficiency. The adsorption effects of different types of adsorbents on TCS were summarized, the possible effects of some parameters of water on the adsorption process were analyzed, and the kinetics and thermodynamics of the adsorption process were discussed. Finally, the research direction of TCS adsorption treatment was prospected. In general, the development and application of green, low-cost and renewable adsorbents is an important research direction. The modification and compounding of adsorbents are effective ways to improve the adsorption effect. In order to better apply to the treatment of TCS in the actual environment, the adsorption mechanism of TCS and the influence mechanism of environmental factors need to be further studied.

Key words: triclosan, adsorbents, adsorption mechanism, influencing factors

中图分类号:

X703

安瑞,赵庆. 水溶液中三氯生的吸附研究进展[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2023, 53(8): 945-953.

An Rui,Zhao Qing. Progress in the adsorption of triclosan in aqueous solution[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2023, 53(8): 945-953.

图/表 2

表1

不同材料对TCS的吸附等温线和动力学模型"

吸附剂	TCS初始质量浓度/（mg/L）	吸附剂用量（固液比）	最大吸附容量/（mg/g）	等温线模型	动力学模型	参考文献
颗粒活性炭	2~20	10 mg/200 mL	273.97	L	拟二级	[23]
活性炭纤维	2~20	10 mg/200 mL	312.50	L	拟二级	[23]
多壁碳纳米管	2~20	10 mg/200 mL	243.31	L	拟二级	[23]
商用粉末活性炭	0.2~1.0	10 mg/L	71.5	F	拟二级	[47]
二十二碳六烯酸改性活性炭	0.2~1.0	10 mg/L	395.2	L, F	拟二级	[48]
玉米秸秆生物炭	1~12	2 g/L	6.123 7	L, F	拟二级	[18]
皇竹草生物炭	1~12	2 g/L	5.347 6	L, F	拟二级	[18]
花生壳生物炭	1~12	2 g/L	3.867 4	L, F	拟二级	[18]
洋麻生物炭（750 ℃热解）	5~200	30 mg/30 mL	77.4	L	拟二级	[49]
多壁碳纳米管	1~12	10 mg/250 mL	171.349	F, P-M	拟二级	[22]
硝酸纯化多壁碳纳米管			19.7	L, F	拟二级	[24]
单壁碳纳米管	0.05~2	0.5~2.0 mg/200 mL	558.2	P-M		[45]
多壁碳纳米管	0.05~2	0.5~2.0 mg/200 mL	434.7	P-M		[45]
氧化多壁碳纳米管	0.05~2	0.5~2.0 mg/200 mL	105.4	P-M		[45]
磁性多孔还原氧化石墨烯	0~30	10 mg/200 mL	1 105.8	L	拟二级	[27]
氧化石墨烯、活性炭、壳聚糖复合材料	0.1~10	25 mg/50 mL	14.5	L	拟二级	[26]
γ-Fe₂O₃碳复合材料	10~50（45 mL）	500 mg/L（5 mL）	892.9	L	拟二级	[50]
炭黑	0.5~5	20 mg/100 mL	18.62	F	拟二级	[51]
纳米羟基磷灰石	5~35	0.5 g/L	133.33	L	拟二级	[52]
溴化十六烷基吡啶改性沸石（OZ 2.5）	0~50	10 mg/10 mL	46.95	L	拟二级	[30]
十六烷基三甲基溴化铵改性沸石	0.5~30	100 mg/10 mL	2.027	L	拟二级	[53]
蒙脱石	0~150	20 mg/100 mL	9	L		[29]
含阳离子酯双子表面活性剂修饰蒙脱石	0~150	20 mg/100 mL	133	L		[29]
二十八烷基二甲基铵改性膨润土	2~10	1.0 mg/60 mL	422	L, F	拟二级	[54]
二十八烷基二甲基铵改性麦羟硅钠石	2~10	1.0 mg/60 mL	534	L, F	拟二级	[54]
MIL-53（Al）	10~60	10 mg/100 mL	447	L	拟二级	[32]
MIL-53（Al）-1	10~60	10 mg/100 mL	488	L	拟二级	[32]
CuTz-1	60~400	12 mg/50 mL	578.5	R-P	拟二级	[34]
CuMtz-2a	60~400	12 mg /50 mL	671.1	R-P	拟二级	[34]
CuMtz-2b	60~400	12 mg /50 mL	743.2	R-P	拟二级	[34]
基于Fe⁰的磁性分子印迹聚合物（TCS-CTS-Fe⁰-MIPs）	1~9	10 mg/100 mL	20.86	L	拟二级	[39]
基于磁性非分子印迹聚合物（TCS-CTS-Fe⁰-NIPs）	1~9	10 mg/100 mL	15.11	L	拟二级	[39]
基于Fe₃O₄的磁性分子印迹聚合物	5.79~115.82	10 mg/5 mL	53.12	F	拟二级	[55]
基于Fe₃O₄的磁性非分子印迹聚合物	5.79~115.82	10 mg/5 mL	26.04	L	拟二级	[55]
聚乙烯	1.8~11	80 mg/20 mL	1.248	T	拟二级	[56]
聚苯乙烯	1.8~11	80 mg/20 mL	1.033	T	拟二级	[56]
磁性共价有机骨架纳米复合材料	0~2	0.8 mg/1 mL	5.481	F,L	拟二级	[40]
小粒径（<1 μm）聚氯乙烯	2~20	10 mg/25 mL	12.7	D-R	拟二级	[41]
大粒径（约74 μm）聚氯乙烯	2~20	10 mg/25 mL	8.98	D-R	拟二级	[41]
聚羟基丁酸酯	5~25	10 mg/10 mL	9.442	F	拟一级	[57]
聚乙烯	5~25	10 mg/10 mL	4.432	F	拟一级	[57]

表1

表2

参考文献 59

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吸附剂	温度/K	ΔG⁰/ （kJ/mol）	ΔH⁰/ （kJ/mol）	ΔS⁰/（J/ （mol·K））	参考文献
玉米秸秆生物炭	283	-4.260 8	-6.675 4	-8.527 5	[18]
	298	-4.132 8
	313	-4.004 9
皇竹草生物炭	283	-1.212 6	-1.601 2	-1.372 2	[18]
	298	-1.192 1
	313	-1.171 5
花生壳生物炭	283	-0.345 2	-3.102 2	-9.736 6	[18]
	298	-0.199 1
	313	-0.053 1
多壁碳纳米管	288	-38.15	-88.08	-173.38	[22]
	298	-36.41
	308	-34.68
十六烷基三甲基溴化铵改性沸石（S200）	298	-10.29	-12.39	-6.9	[43]
	308	-10.16
	318	-10.14
纳米羟基磷灰石	288	-7.852	4.011	41.179	[52]
	298	-8.249
	308	-8.685
	318	-9.079
溴化十六烷基吡啶改性沸石（OZ 0.5）	298	-28.35	-9.698	62.83	[30]
	308	-29.21
	318	-29.59
溴化十六烷基吡啶改性沸石（OZ 1.0）	298	-30.01	-14.58	50.88	[30]
	308	-30.62
	318	-31.02
溴化十六烷基吡啶改性沸石（OZ 2.5）	298	-30.91	-13.65	58.10	[30]
	308	-31.65
	318	-32.07
MIL-53（Al）	283	-8.2	9.1	61.1	[32]
	293	-8.8
	298	-9.1
	303	-9.4
MIL-53（Al）-1	283	-8.8	21.5	107.1	[32]
	293	-9.8
	298	-10.4
	303	-10.9
CuMtz-2b	293	-38.69	-392.6	-1 208	[34]
	298	-32.65
	303	-26.61
	313	-14.53