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日用化学工业（中英文）

日用化学工业 ›› 2022, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (7): 770-777.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2022.07.013

• 专论与综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

微纳米SiO2颗粒的粒径调控技术研究进展

牛红博1,燕永利1,*(),豆龙龙2,姜选选1,张晓1,张佩亮1   

  1. 1.西安石油大学 化学化工学院,陕西 西安 710065
    2.中国石油长庆油田分公司第十采油厂,甘肃 庆城 745100
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-02 修回日期:2022-05-16 出版日期:2022-07-22 发布日期:2022-07-21
  • 通讯作者: 燕永利
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(21773183);陕西省自然科学基金资助项目(2018JM2011)

Advances in size control of micro and nano silica particles

Niu Hongbo1,Yan Yongli1,*(),Dou Longlong2,Jiang Xuanxuan1,Zhang Xiao1,Zhang Peiliang1   

  1. 1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710065, China
    2. No.10 Oil Production Plant, Changqing Oilfield Company, CNPC, Qingcheng, Gansu 745100, China
  • Received:2021-11-02 Revised:2022-05-16 Online:2022-07-22 Published:2022-07-21
  • Contact: Yongli Yan

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摘要：

微纳米SiO2颗粒是一种重要的无机非金属材料,同时也是组装具有功能特性纳米结构材料的理想构建基元,在橡胶、光子晶体、生物医学、化妆品等领域扮演着重要的角色。目前,研究人员对其粒径调控技术进行了大量的研究。然而,如何更有效地调控SiO2的粒径仍有待进一步发展。为此,文章着重论述了SiO2颗粒制备过程中的粒径调控机理及其影响因素,包括反应物的含量、催化剂种类和浓度、溶剂极性、合成工艺等因素。研究进展表明：基于Stöber法的SiO2颗粒粒径调控技术可在10 nm~4.5 µm范围内可调;基于微乳液法的SiO2颗粒粒径调控技术可在20~100 nm范围内可调;基于沉淀法的SiO2颗粒粒径调控技术可制得最小粒径为2 nm的SiO2颗粒。最后,指出了微纳米SiO2颗粒粒径调控技术中存在的问题及其发展方向,旨在为其在相关领域的应用提供一定的参考。

关键词: 二氧化硅, 粒径调控, Stöber法, 微乳液法, 沉淀法

Abstract:

Micro/nano-SiO2 particles are important inorganic non-metallic materials, and their good properties are concerned by researchers. They are also ideal building blocks for assembling functional nanostructured materials, and play an important role in rubber, photonic crystals, biomedicine, cosmetics and other fields. Therefore, the synthesis of nano-silica particles with controllable particle size is of great significance. Since Stöber et al. successfully prepared silica nanoparticles with different size by adjusting appropriate reaction parameters in 1968, a series of important progress has been made in the synthesis of silica nanoparticles. However, how to control the particle size of SiO2 more effectively remains to be further developed. Herein, three preparation methods of SiO2 particles are briefly introduced, including Stöber method, microemulsion method and precipitation method, with emphasis on the particle size control mechanism and its influencing factors in the preparation of SiO2 particles. The particle size control mechanism of SiO2 particles prepared by Stöber method and microemulsion method is mainly based on the reaction kinetics of TEOS hydrolysis and condensation, while the particle size control mechanism of SiO2 particles prepared by precipitation method is mainly based on the theory of silicic acid polymerization. The research progress has shown that by using Stöber method, by adjusting the type and concentration of catalysts, solvent polarity, synthesis process and other factors, the particle size of SiO2 particles can be adjusted in the range of 10 nm-4.5 μm; by microemulsion method, by adjusting the content of reactants, hydrophobic carbon chain length of surfactants and other factors, the particle size of SiO2 particles can be adjusted in the range of 20-100 nm; by means of precipitation method, by adjusting the content of reactants, pH of solution, synthesis process and other factors, SiO2 particles with the smallest particle size of 2 nm can be obtained. Finally, the problems and development direction of micro/nano-SiO2 particle size control technology are pointed out to provide some reference for application.

Key words: silica, size control, Stöber method, microemulsion method, precipitation method

中图分类号: 

  • TB383.1