一种新型吡啶Gemini表面活性剂的合成及表面活性

doi:10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.04.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以3-氨基吡啶和固体光气为原料,一锅法合成中间体1,3-二(3-吡啶基)脲,然后再与溴代十二烷进行季铵化反应,生成了新型的吡啶阳离子Gemini表面活性剂。通过单因素试验法优化了反应条件,得到较佳工艺条件为:n(3-氨基吡啶)∶n(固体光气)=5∶1,二氯甲烷作反应溶剂,反应5 h,得到产率为78%的中间体;n(中间体)∶n(溴代十二烷)=1∶10,110 ℃反应5 h,得到产率为90%的吡啶Gemini表面活性剂。通过FT-IR,¹H NMR,¹³C NMR和ESI-MS对所得产物的结构进行了表征,并对其表面活性进行了研究。结果表明,该Gemini表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度(cmc)为1.67×10^-4 mol/L,γ_cmc为30.7 mN/m。

关键词: 阳离子Gemini表面活性剂, 吡啶, 合成, 表面张力

Abstract: The intermediate 1,3-di(3-pyridyl)urea was synthesized by the reaction of 3-aminopyridine and triphosgene.The optimized conditions for the reaction were found as follows:reaction solvent,methylene chloride;reaction time,5 h;mole ratio of 3-aminopyridine and triphosgene,5∶1.The yield is 78%.Then the intermediate reacted with bromododecane to produce a new type of Gemini pyridinium surfactant.The optimized conditions were identified as follows:reaction time,5 h;reaction temperature,110 ℃;mole ratio of the intermediate and bromododecane,1∶10.The yield is 90 %.The structure of the target product was characterized by FT-IR,¹H NMR,¹³C NMR and ESI-MS.The surface tension of the product was measured as cmc value of 1.67×10^-4 mol/L and γ_cmc of 30.7 mN/m.

Key words: cationic Gemini surfactant, pyridine, synthesis, surface tension

中图分类号:

TQ423.12

郝俊生,王攀,张越,张永斌. 一种新型吡啶Gemini表面活性剂的合成及表面活性[J]. 日用化学工业, 2016, 46(4): 195-199.

HAO Jun-sheng,WANG Pan,ZHANG Yue,ZHANG Yong-bin. Synthesis and surface activity of a novel Gemini pyridinium surfactant[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2016, 46(4): 195-199.

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