Table of Content

22 January 2016, Volume 46 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

Basicresearc

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Study on the synthesis of organosilicone surfactants and their performance in CO2 flooding action LI Fan,LUO Yue,DING Kang-le,WANG Lu-shan,LIU Cheng-jie,LIU Wei,LIU Lei 2016, 46 (1):  1-7.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.01.001 Abstract ( 259 )   PDF (863KB) ( 330 )   Six kinds of organosilicone surfactant,ASiE-500,ASiD2-500,ASiD4-500,ASiE-700,ASiD2-700 and ASiD4-700 were synthesized with allyl polyethylene glycol,epoxy chloropropane,hydrogen-containing silicone oil and organic amines as main starting materials.The targeted products were characterized with FT-IR and 1H NMR.Then their surface tension and interfacial tension were investigated.Afterwards,their application in CO2 flooding laboratory experiment was conducted and examined.Results of the experiments showed that solutions of the targeted products display lower surface tension,and in which,solution of the targeted product ASiE-500 displays lowest surface tension of 25.3 mN/m at 25 ℃.With the increase of concentration of NaCl and/or MgCl2,the surface tension of solution of the targeted products rises.The interfacial tension between the crude oil produced from Section G89 of Shengli Oilfield and solution of the above said targeted products was measured as 0.025,0.30,0.50,0.11,0.43 and 0.63 mN/m respectively.By choosing ASiE-500 that displays better activity to do the CO2 flooding,the enhanced oil recovery (EOR) can be further improved for 11.44%. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Kinetics of synthesis of octyl acetate LIU Qun,DING Bin,GUAN Chang,WANG Hai-dong,LI Xiang,HAO Feng-ling 2016, 46 (1):  8-12.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.01.002 Abstract ( 299 )   PDF (806KB) ( 301 )   Octyl acetate was prepared with acetic acid and 1-octyl alcohol as starting materials,and cationic exchange resin NKC-9 as catalyst.Effect of reaction conditions,such as mole ratio of acetic acid to 1-octyl alcohol,catalyst dosage and reaction time on conversion as well as reusing performance of the catalyst were investigated.Results showed that the optimum reaction conditions were as following:mole ratio,n(acetic acid)∶n(1-octyl alcohol)=4∶1;dosage of cationic exchange resin NKC-9,6% of the total mass of acetic acid and 1-octyl alcohol;reaction temperature,118-120 ℃;reaction time,3 h.Under such conditions the conversion of 1-octyl alcohol can reach 96.80%.The catalyst can be activated and reused.The parameters of the kinetic model were determined by both positive reaction equilibrium constant method and initial reaction rate method;and the parameters for the reversible second-order reaction of this system were evaluated.With positive reaction equilibrium constant method,the frequency factor k0 was obtained as 7.45×102 L/(mol·min) and the apparent activation energy Ea was obtained as 38.74 kJ/mol.With initial reaction rate method the k0 was obtained as 4.79×103 L/(mol·min) and the Ea was obtained as 37.45 kJ/mol.These two kinds of methods substantially confirmed each other and can assure that the data are reliable. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Lectureofscienceandtechnolog

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Fluorinated surfactants and fluoropolymers (Ⅰ) Performance,syntheses (production) and applications XIAO Jin-xin,XING Hang 2016, 46 (1):  13-20.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.01.003 Abstract ( 321 )   PDF (1322KB) ( 499 )   The fundamental concept,classification and structure,major physicochemical properties,industrial production methods,as well as applications in industrial and high technological fields of fluorinated surfactants and fluoropolymers were introduced.Their current environmental problems and the counter-measures in this field were briefed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Performance and applications of surfactants (ⅩⅩⅤ) Applications of surfactants in textile industry TAN Ting-ting,ZHAO Li,ZHANG Hua-tao,XU Bao-cai 2016, 46 (1):  21-25.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.01.004 Abstract ( 290 )   PDF (732KB) ( 306 )   The applications of surfactants as cleaning agent,wetting and penetrating agent,desizing agent,dyeing and finishing auxiliaries as well as water and oil proofing agent in textile industry were introduced.The development outlooks of surfactants for applications in textile industry were prospected. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Developmentandapplicatio

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Synthesis and performance of polyglycerol modified polysiloxane ZHU Yan-yan,WANG Wan-xu,DU Zhi-ping,WANG Guo-yong,QIN Jie-qiong 2016, 46 (1):  26-29.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.01.005 Abstract ( 338 )   PDF (909KB) ( 360 )   Firstly,allyl polyglycerin ether (APGE),as intermediate,was synthesized with allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) and diglycerol (DGY) as starting materials and KOH as catalyst.Then the APGE was hydrosilylated with polyhydromethyl siloxane (PHMS) in the presence of hexachloroplatinic acid as catalyst and isopropanol as solvent to form a kind of polyglycerol modified polysiloxane (APGE-PHMS) as the targeted product.Structure of the intermediate as well as the targeted product was characterized and the surface activity,adsorption performance and spread out performance of APGE-PHMS were investigated.The surface activity of the aqueous solution of the targeted product at 25 ℃ shows cmc 144.1 mg/L and γcmc 23.0 mN/m.When mass concentration of the aqueous solution of the targeted product achieves 4 multiples of its cmc,the dynamic contact angle over paraffin surface at temperature of 25 ℃ can be reduced to 23°. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of fluorescent brightening agent on determination of standard detergency and cycle of washing performance for liquid detergent YAO Chen-zhi,LI Xiao-hui,ZHANG Jing-feng,PENG Li-yuan,LIN Shang-peng 2016, 46 (1):  30-34.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.01.006 Abstract ( 293 )   PDF (880KB) ( 344 )   According to GB/T 13174-2008,standard detergency and cycle of washing performance of reference liquid detergents appended with separate kinds and concentrations of fluorescent brightening agent were tested.Results showed that standard detergency and cycle of washing performance of the reference liquid detergents containing fluorescent brightening agent are significantly better than the reference liquid detergents if UV containing light source is used.Meanwhile,the more the dosage of fluorescent brightening agent,the higher the value of detergency and brilliance preserved.There are no obvious differences in standard detergency and cycle of washing performance between them if the light source does not include UV.It is clear that fluorescent brightening agent does not display detergency and anti soil re-precipitation performance,but it will improve the determination results of standard detergency and cycle of washing performance of liquid detergent obviously.The essential suggestions of more reasonable evaluation of detergency are that when washing is proceeded according to GB/T 13174-2008,the samples are tested by colorimeter under the illuminant without UV (in this case,the illuminant with wavelength lower than 400 nm has been filtered out),or the samples are tested under the illuminant with UV,but by using liquid detergents appended with fluorescent brightening agent as the reference.Meanwhile,there is no unified stipulation with respect to type and specification of the brightness meter to be used in GB/T 13174-2008.Different data of detergency and brightness preserved after cycle of washing will be obtained if the detergents appended with fluorescent brightening agent are tested with brightness meter of different types or specification.Therefore,the regulations in GB/T 13174-2008 should be revised for improvement as soon as possible. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Action of Eucommia ulmoides extract for prevention of photo-aging damage of human skin fibroblast cells induced by UVB and exploration of its mechanism at genetic level CHEN Mo,ZHAO Ya,SUN Yi 2016, 46 (1):  35-38.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.01.007 Abstract ( 229 )   PDF (793KB) ( 366 )   Based upon test with irradiation of UVB on human skin fibroblast cells (HSFs) cultivated in vitro,the action of ethyl acetate extract from ethanol extract of Eucommia ulmoides (hereinafter refers to as the Eucommia ulmoides extract) for prevention of photo-aging damage of HSFs was explored;and its possible action mechanism was searched by utilizing cDNA microarray.Experimental results showed that the Eucommia ulmoides extract can reduce the effect of UVB on the HSBs and displays rather good action for preventing photo-aging damage.Further,the cDNA microarray test results demonstrated that possibly,such prevention action may correlates with the enhancement of antioxidation capacity of the HSFs,the DNA repairing system,and the capacity for suppression of apoptosis.Meanwhile,it may have the action for promoting cell proliferation and preventing the growth of melanoma. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of bio-based bacterial cellulose/inorganic gel of bentonite composite WANG Bo,HUANG Chao,YANG Xiao-yan,LUO Jun,CHEN Xin-de 2016, 46 (1):  39-43.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.01.008 Abstract ( 302 )   PDF (1809KB) ( 313 )   Bio-based bacterial cellulose (BC)/inorganic gel of bentonite (IGB) composite was prepared by adding IGB into corncob hydrolysate,which was pre-diluted three multiples with water,and then in situ fermented by Acetobacter xylinum.Micro-morphological characteristics of the product were characterized.Yield and water holding capacity of the product,inversion of the saccharides as well as pH value of the fermentation broth were examined.The SEM images showed that the IGB is adsorbed on the surface of the BC as well as in the pores of the BC.Moreover,with the increase of addition amount of IGB,the pH value of the fermentation broth raises and finally maintains around 8,yield of the product increases,while inversion of the saccharides and water holding capacity of the product decreases. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Inhibition of corilagin on the proliferation of B16 melanoma cells and tyrosinase activity HUANG Hai-chao,ZHENG Gong-ming,WANG Ru-yi,ZHANG Xian-ce,LI Zhong-jun,LIU Gang-yong,FU Zhong 2016, 46 (1):  44-47.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.01.009 Abstract ( 305 )   PDF (2081KB) ( 302 )   B16 melanoma cells were cultivated in vitro.After the B16 melanoma cells were treated by corilagin for different time periods,the effect of corilagin on growth rate of proliferation of B16 cells was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay and inhibition of corilagin on tyrosinase activity in B16 cells was detected by Dopa oxidation.Effect of corilagin on B16 cell morphology was detected with morphological observation and Hoechst33258 staining.Results showed that proliferation of B16 cells treated for 12,24 and 48 h with corilagin was inhibited with IC50 at 35.63,25.78 and 20.94 mg/L respectively;tyrosinase activity in the B16 cells treated for 12,24 and 48 h with corilagin was inhibited with IC50 at 16.38,14.00 and 13.85 mg/L respectively;B16 cells treated for 24 h with corilagin over 16 mg/L showed typical characteristics of cell injury by morphological observation;B16 cells treated for 24 h with corilagin no more than 16 mg/L showed typical characteristics of cell apoptosis by Hoechst33258 staining. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Review

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Progress in field of liquid detergent formulated with enzyme BAO Yan,ZHANG Xue 2016, 46 (1):  48-52.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.01.010 Abstract ( 267 )   PDF (892KB) ( 406 )   A comprehensive overview of the progress in field of liquid detergent formulated with enzyme was provided.Firstly,the applications and research status of different enzymes in detergents were reviewed;meanwhile the different performances of the enzymes were summarized and commented.Then the reaction mechanism of enzyme with substrate was described;the main factors affecting on the stability of enzyme were also reviewed.At last,the future research trends of liquid detergent formulated with enzyme were prospected. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current situation with respect to synthesis technology of sodium N-acyl sarcosinate YU Fang 2016, 46 (1):  53-57.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.01.011 Abstract ( 372 )   PDF (723KB) ( 481 )   Synthesis process technology and analytical method of sodium N-acyl sarcosinate product were summarized.Indirect synthesis method (Schotten-Baumann condensation) was emphatically introduced.In accordance to the operating conditions,the process can be classified into three ways,dropwise addition of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and fatty acyl chloride into aqueous phase of sodium sarcosinate solution,dropwise addition of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and fatty acyl chloride into a mixed phase composed of sodium sarcosinate solution and an organic solvent as well as addition of all sodium hydroxide solution first into the aqueous phase of sodium sarcosinate solution and then dropwise addition of fatty acyl chloride into the mixed aqueous phase.Advantages and disadvantages of the three ways were discussed.Various analysis methods for sodium N-acyl sarcosinate product quality control were compared. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Analyticalmethodsandtestin

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Determination of propylene oxide in cleaning cosmetics by HS-GC/MS WANG Qi-hui,LI Ming,ZHAN Xue-fang 2016, 46 (1):  58-60.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.01.012 Abstract ( 366 )   PDF (741KB) ( 378 )   A method for determination of propylene oxide in cleaning cosmetics by headspace gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (HS-GC/MS) was established.The influence of equilibrium temperature,equilibrium time and salts for propylene oxide measurement were investigated.Results showed that the better conditions are as follows:20.0 g of sample and 10.0 g of NaCl are added into 50 mL volumetric flask,and dilute with ultrapure water to 50 mL;transfer 5 mL of this solution to 22 mL headspace vial and mix with assistance of ultrasonic wave irradiation for 2 min,then the determination is to be carried out after the equilibrium at 80 ℃ for 10 min.The relationship between mass concentration and the corresponding peak area in the range of 0.1-10 mg/L shows good linearity (R2>0.999 9).The limit of detection is 0.002 5 μg/g and the limit of quantification is 0.005 μg/g.The average spiked recovery is >88%. References | Related Articles | Metrics