Table of Content

22 March 2016, Volume 46 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

Lectureofscienceandtechnolog

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Fluorinated surfactants and fluoropolymers (Ⅲ) My opinion on the problems of PFOS XING Hang,WU Yi,XIAO Jin-xin 2016, 46 (3):  123-128.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.03.001 Abstract ( 335 )   PDF (807KB) ( 251 )   From the standpoint of surfactant working field,the current status of PFOS issue in China was described.Both the problems in phasing out of PFOS as well as difficulties for development of research work in this field were discussed in detail.The production,application and regulation for several other important fluorinated alkyl chemicals were also briefed.Finally,the objective and tasks for surfactant working field were pointed out. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Performance and applications of surfactants (ⅩⅩⅦ) HAO Shan-shan,ZHAO Li,XU Bao-cai 2016, 46 (3):  129-135.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.03.002 Abstract ( 341 )   PDF (808KB) ( 714 )   Several organized self-assemblies of surfactants were introduced followed by their functions and action principles.Surfactants are widely used in many industry fields,such as food processing,detergent,oil-field recovery,medicine and environmental protection,et al.Some problems and development outlooks in this field were prospected. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Developmentandapplicatio

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Synthesis and properties of tea saponin modified with quaternary ammonium salt MA Rong,DAI Yu-mei 2016, 46 (3):  136-140.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.03.003 Abstract ( 213 )   PDF (891KB) ( 284 )   Tea saponin tertiary amine intermediate was formed by reaction between tea saponin and 3-dimethylamino propylamine.Then the intermediate further quaterized with bromoethane to produce tea saponin quaternary ammonium salt.Suitable conditions for preparation of the intermediate were identified as:using triglycol as solvent;molar ratio n(tea saponin)∶n(3-dimethylamino propylamine)=1∶2.5;reaction temperature 130 ℃ for 8 h.The yield of the intermediate achieves 85.7%.Surface activity of the tea saponin quaternary ammonium salt product was measured as cmc 0.398 g/L,and γcmc 40.82 mN/m.Foaming power of the product is good but its foam stability is poor.Its resistance to oxidation were measured as,at a mass concentration of 1.0 g/L,the ion ·OH and ·O2- scavenging rate reaches 55.4% and 66.3% respectively.Meanwhile,the bacteria inhibitory effect of the product against E.coli,Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus is better than that of tea saponin. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Formulation and performance of bacteriostasis liquid detergent TAI Xiu-mei,LIU Xiao-ying,DU Zhi-ping,BA Jian-bo,WANG Guo-yong,ZHAO Hui-xian 2016, 46 (3):  141-144.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.03.004 Abstract ( 256 )   PDF (828KB) ( 392 )   Bacteriostasis liquid detergent containing sodium fatty alcohol ether carboxylate (AE9C) and didecylmethylhydroxyethylammonium chloride (DEQ) was designed and formulated.The cold resisting,heat resisting and freeze-thaw stability of the liquid detergent products were tested,and their foaming power,detergency as well as bacteriostasis efficacy was evaluated by Ross-Miles foam meter,Terg-O-Tometer and suspension quantitative method,respectively.The results showed that the liquid detergent product displays excellent stability.Its foaming power and detergency are not affected by water hardness.When the mass ratio of AE9C to DEQ is 7∶3,foaming power of the product achieves the minimum.When the mass ratio of AE9C to DEQ is lower than 2∶8,its detergency test result is unqualified.When the mass ratio of AE9C to DEQ is 7∶3,6∶4 or 5∶5,all the bacteriostasis rate of the three kinds of liquid detergent product against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli achieves 100%. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of fluorescent brightening agent on washing result of cotton fabrics ZHANG Bao-lian,PENG Li-yuan,ZHANG Jing-feng,LIN Shang-peng 2016, 46 (3):  145-150.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.03.005 Abstract ( 319 )   PDF (771KB) ( 406 )   Cotton fabrics with different color were washed by reference liquid detergents appended with fluorescent brightening agent of separate kinds and concentrations.The effects of fluorescent brightening agent on different color fabrics were shown by comparison analysis of L*,a*,b*,C*,reflectance curves and the results of visual evaluation.The results showed that the impacts of fluorescent brightening agent are that the whitened fabric becomes whiter,the bleaching fabric and off-white color fabric become brighter and whiter obviously,the light blue and pink fabrics become brighter,grayish and flavescent cotton fabrics also become whiter or lighter.The fluorescent brightening agent makes khaki cotton fabric whiter obviously.The fluorescent brightening agent has no obvious effect on deep color cotton fabrics such as brilliant scarlet,mazarine and black. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Caking kinetics study of concentrated laundry powder based on uniaxial test WANG Yi-nan,LIU Wen-ju,GUO Ya-jun,WEI Hong-yuan 2016, 46 (3):  151-154.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.03.006 Abstract ( 268 )   PDF (875KB) ( 252 )   With the uniaxial test experiment device,the caking characteristics of concentrated laundry powder were tested and measured.Effects of three factors that influencing the extent of caking of the concentrated laundry powder,the temperature (30~60 ℃),the relative humidity (30%~75%) and the time (1~4 h) on the caking extent of concentrated laundry powder were examined.The caking kinetic plots of concentrated laundry powder at different temperature and relative humidity were also mapped out.The results showed that with the increase of temperature,time and relative humidity,the extent of agglomeration of the concentrated laundry powder increases gradually.Such results told us that during the various stages of the production process of concentrated laundry powder,such as blending,post addition conveying,packaging,storage et al.,all operaters and mangers should try to control the environmental temperature and humidity within a reasonable range,so as to reduce the impact on laundry powder agglomeration. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development of a washing powder product with high oil dirt removal capacity CHEN Yan-ting 2016, 46 (3):  155-157.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.03.007 Abstract ( 238 )   PDF (681KB) ( 383 )   A washing powder product with high oil dirt removal capacity was prepared based upon various surfactants as well as inorganic builders and accessories.The blended surfactants were composed of sodium linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS),sodium fatty alcohol ether sulphate (AES),dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB),and alkyl polyglucoside (APG).The formulation range of surfactants were examined and identified by orthogonal test.Results showed that when the mass fraction of the washing powder product is w(LAS)∶w(AES)∶w(DTAB)∶w(APG)=40∶20∶1∶15,its oil dirt removal rate can reach 98.0%. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Synthesis of vegetable oil epoxides with electrochemical method TIAN Mei-feng,LI Wan-jie,LIANG Zhen-hai 2016, 46 (3):  158-161.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.03.008 Abstract ( 229 )   PDF (1449KB) ( 389 )   Vegetable oil epoxides were synthesized with electrochemical method.The optimum conditions for castor oil epoxidation technology were determinated by L18(37) orthogonal test.The starting material castor oil as well as its epoxidized derivatives was characterized and compared by FT-IR and TG analysis.Experimental results showed that the optimum conditions are:reaction time,4 h;pH value,6.5;reaction temperature,30 ℃;oxygen flow rate,3 cm3/s;current density,0.3 A/cm2;molar ratio of castor oil double bonds to HCOOH,8;and catalyst (0.1 mol/L hydrochloric acid) dosage,0.3 mL.Under such conditions,the relative yield of epoxidized castor oil achieves 53.7%.The FT-IR spectra indicated that new material containing -C-O-C- group was produced accompanying with the disappearance of -C=C- group;and TG analysis indicated that the thermal stability of -C-O-C- groups is stronger than that of -C=C- groups under certain conditions.Such results suggested that synthesis of vegetable oil epoxides with electrochemical method is feasible.In addition,similar tests for using of soybean oil,corn oil and peanut oil were also done. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of three methods for the measurement of dentifrice abrasivity SUN Dong-fang1,CHEN Jian-fen2,SHI Yi-lei2 SUN Dong-fang，CHEN Jian-fen，SHI Yi-lei 2016, 46 (3):  162-167.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.03.009 Abstract ( 345 )   PDF (1742KB) ( 399 )   Three methods for the in-vitro measurement of dentifrice abrasion performance,the radiotracer method (ISO11609/Annex-A),the surface profile method (ISO11609/Annex-B) and a recently introduced method (the surface roughness method) were examined,investigated and compared.The results showed that in case the dentifrices were composed of same type of abrasive agent,either silica or natural calcium carbonate,test results Ra value obtained from surface roughness method,RDA value obtained from radiotracer method as well as the result obtained from surface profile method all display good correlations.Meanwhile,as comparing with the two methods specified in ISO11609,the surface roughness method displays other advantages such as simple operation,pressure controllable in the brushing and abrasion process,high performance price ratio,good repeatability et al.Besides,the results of the surface roughness method are more stable and not affected by the interference of the phosphate in the dentifrice formulations. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of low molecular weight peptides extract from Earthworm on cell viability and synthesis of collagen in cultured human skin cells LIU Ting-qiang,YAN Ze-min,HOU Dong-mei,ZHOU Hua-feng,DUAN Ming-xing 2016, 46 (3):  168-172.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.03.010 Abstract ( 311 )   PDF (799KB) ( 329 )   The effect of low molecular weight peptides extract from Earthworm (LMWPEE) on cell viability in cultured normal adult human skin fibroblasts (HSF) and normal adult human epidermal keratinocytes (HEK) was studied,separately.Its effect on synthesis of type I procollagen in cultured HSF was also studied.The results showed that,as comparing with the control group,the LMWPEE with mass concentrations between 25 and 400 mg/L significantly increases cell viability of HSF and HEK,but it has no effect on cell cycle of HSF and HEK.The effect of LMWPEE on HSF cell viability shows a certain dose-effect relationship,while best dosage of LMWPEE for HEK cell viability is 50 mg/L.LMWPEE remarkably increases the production of type I procollagen in cultured HSF.The production of type I procollagen increases by 31% (P<0.05) and 51% (P<0.01) at mass concentration 200 and 400 mg/L of LMWPEE as compared with control group,respectively. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Review

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Progress in research work field with respect to physical stability of emulsion oil in water for pesticides SHI Ya-li,YU Qian-yao,SUN Chen-cheng,DONG Fan,YANG Guan-tian,FENG Jian-guo 2016, 46 (3):  173-177.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.03.011    Abstract ( 173 )   PDF (964KB) ( 312 )   Mechanisms of the formation and stability of emulsions was briefed.Status of research and application of these related theories and methods in physical stability of emulsion oil in water for pesticides were emphatically described.Meanwhile,the existing specific problems in the research and development of emulsion oil in water for pesticides were also given focus,such as shortage of researches in processing theory and pending improvement for environmental protective performance of emulsifiers. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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UV-vis spectral analysis of lawsone in henna powder QIAO Xian-rong 2016, 46 (3):  178-182.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.03.012 Abstract ( 674 )   PDF (790KB) ( 541 )   UV-vis spectra of henna aqueous extract and lawsone solution of different pH mediums were analyzed to select the detection wavelength and the reference solution for determining lawsone content in henna powder by spectrophotometer.Selecting 453 nm as the detection wavelength,with henna powder extract in hydrochloric acid of pH value 2 as the reference solution,the absorbance value of the testing solution samples in NaOH solution of pH=12 as the working medium,the lawsone mass concentration in the henna powder sample was quantified based upon comparison with the standard calibration curve.The results showed that within the lawsone mass concentration range of 10~140 mg/L,the absorbance follows Lambert-Beers law;the linear correlation coefficient is r=0.999 95 and the precision RSD is less than 0.47%.The absorbancevalue of the sample solution can keep stable within 14 h,while the lawsone spiked recoveries achieves 99.0%~100.0%.The method is simple,reliable,and can be used to detect the lawsone content in henna powder. References | Related Articles | Metrics